二進制方式安裝mysql

下載官方打包好的rpm的集合

https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

[root@xuegod63 opt]# tar xf mysql-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

解壓出來,發現有不少rpm包,咱們須要用到的包是:

mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

依次安裝:

yum install mysql-community-common-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -y

yum install mysql-community-libs-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -y

yum install mysql-community-client-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -y

yum install mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -y

注意安裝 mysql-community-server-5.7.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm報錯

[root@b mysql-5.7.26]# yum install mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el6.x86_64.rp m -y

Error: Package: mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el6.x86_64 (/mysql-community-ser ver-5.7.26-1.el6.x86_64)
Requires: libsasl2.so.2()(64bit)
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

[root@b mysql-5.7.26]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libsasl2.so.2()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el6.x86_64

緣由：這是因爲yum安裝了舊版本的GPG keys形成的        解決辦法： --force --nodeps

[root@b mysql-5.7.26]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm --force --nodeps
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mysql-community-server-5.7.26-1.e################################# [100%]

 

(注意:安裝順序不能錯,不然會報錯依賴包沒有安裝)

查看安裝路徑:

[root@xuegod63 opt]# rpm -ql mysql-community-server

能夠看到數據庫安裝在/var/lib/mysql 目錄下

啓動服務:

[root@xuegod63 opt]# systemctl start mysqld.service

獲取臨時密碼:

第一次經過# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log 命令獲取MySQL的臨時密碼

用該密碼登陸到服務端後，必須立刻修改密碼，否則操做查詢時報錯誤

[root@xuegod63 opt]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log

2017-11-10T14:38:40.930543Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: itBp#lFva0aY

補充注意：MySQL5.7以前的版權，初次安裝MySQL，默認登錄密碼是空，5.7以後的版本，默認登錄的密碼爲一個隨機生產的字符串，存在/var/log/mysqld.log 文件裏。

 

安全初始化操做:

[root@xuegod65 opt]# mysql_secure_installation

修改默認密碼和相關的權限

MySQL5.7對密碼複雜度要求比較高,剛開始設置的密碼必須符合長度(默認最小長度的8)，且必須含有數字，小寫或大寫字母，特殊字符。

這也是從安全考慮,但願使用者不要強行修改密碼策略,設置簡單的密碼

Welcome1qazx@com

若是想設置簡單密碼，以下操做：

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p' itBp#lFva0aY '

方法一：首先，修改validate_password_policy參數的值

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;  #定義複雜度

mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;  #定義長度 默認是8

方法二：在/etc/my.cnf 可關閉密碼強度審計插件，重啓mysql服務

validate_password=ON/OFF/FORCE/FORCE_PLUS_PERMANENT: 決定是否使用該插件(及強制/永久強制使用)。

修改密碼

mysql>

 set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('123456');    修改root帳號登錄密碼

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.05 sec)

刷新權限表（使更改密碼當即生效而不用重啓mysql）

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 

 

 

登錄linux下的mysql5.7忘記密碼

解決方法

• 第一步：打開mysql5.7的配置文件my.cnf,並在裏面增長一行：skip-grant-tables   保存並退出(:wq)

[root@iz09a32x1sghz3z ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf

• 第二步：重啓mysql

[root@iz09a32x1sghz3z ~]# service mysqld restart

• 第三步：登陸mysql而且修改密碼

用root帳號登陸： [root@iz09a32x1sghz3z ~]# mysql -u root

使用mysql中的mysql數據庫： mysql> use mysql;

修改密碼:  update user set authentication_string = password("Szfore_68638") where user="root" ;

刷新數據庫： flush privileges;

退出： quit;

注意：mysql5.7的user表中的password字段已經改爲了authentication_string 字段了。

這時候，須要輸入的命令是update user set authentication_string = password("Szfore_68638") where user="root" ;

• 第四步：打開mysql5.7的配置文件my.cnf,把剛增長這行：skip-grant-tables  刪除掉 保存並退出(:wq)

 

 

Table 2.11 MySQL Installation Layout for Linux RPM Packages from the MySQL Developer Zone

Files or Resources	Location
Client programs and scripts	/usr/bin
mysqld server	/usr/sbin
Configuration file	/etc/my.cnf
Data directory	/var/lib/mysql
Error log file	For RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms:/var/log/mysqld.log For SLES: /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log
Value of secure_file_priv	/var/lib/mysql-files
System V init script	For RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: /etc/init.d/mysqld For SLES: /etc/init.d/mysql
Systemd service	For RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS or Fedora platforms: mysqld For SLES: mysql
Pid file	/var/run/mysql/mysqld.pid
Socket	/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Keyring directory	/var/lib/mysql-keyring
Unix manual pages	/usr/share/man
Include (header) files	/usr/include/mysql
Libraries	/usr/lib/mysql
Miscellaneous support files (for example, error messages, and character set files)	/usr/share/mysql

 

• RHEL, Oracle Linux, CentOS, and Fedora systems:

  shell> sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

  The next step is to log in with the generated, temporary password and set a custom password for the superuser account:

shell> mysql -uroot -p

 

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';