flask入門4-文件上傳與郵件發送

文件上傳郵件發送

1、原生文件上傳

form.html

<img src="{{ url_for('static',filename='img/17.jpg') }}" width="300" alt="">
    <form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <p>修改頭像 <input type="file" name="file"></p>
        <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
    </form>

manage.py

#文件上傳的視圖函數
@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])
def icon():
    img_name = None
    if request.method == 'POST' and 'file' in request.files:
        # return '有文件上傳了'
        file = request.files.get('file')
        filename = file.filename #拿到文件名稱
        #圖片上傳保存的路徑
        imgPath = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'static/upload/'+filename)
        file.save(imgPath)
        img_name = filename
    return render_template('user/change_icon.html',img_name=img_name)

使用wtf和bootstrap渲染文件上傳

from flask import Flask,render_template,request
from flask_script import Manager
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from flask_wtf.file import FileField,FileAllowed,FileRequired
from wtforms import SubmitField
from flask_uploads import UploadSet,patch_request_class,configure_uploads,IMAGES
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
import os
from PIL import Image

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 1024*1024*64
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'abcdef'
app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'] = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')
bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)
file = UploadSet('photos',IMAGES)
configure_uploads(app,file)
patch_request_class(app,size=None)
manager = Manager(app)

#自定義一個文件上傳的表單類
class File(FlaskForm):
    photos = FileField('修改頭像',validators=[FileRequired(message='文件不能爲空'),FileAllowed(file,message='該文件類型不容許上傳')])
    submit = SubmitField('提交')

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html')

#生成隨機的圖片名稱
def random_name(suffix,length=32):
    import string,random
    myStr = string.ascii_letters + '0123456789'
    return ''.join(random.choice(myStr) for i in range(length))+suffix

@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])
def icon():
    form = File()
    img_url = None
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        data = request.files.get('photos')
        suffix = os.path.splitext(data.filename)[-1]
        newName = random_name(suffix)
        file.save(data,name=newName)
        img_url = file.url(newName)

        img = Image.open(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],newName))
        print(img.size)  # 獲取圖片大小
        # 設置尺寸
        img.thumbnail((128, 128))  # 當前縮放不是等比縮放 變成等比縮放
        img.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],'s_'+newName))
    return render_template('user/wtf-uplods.html',form=form,img_url=img_url)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

模板中的代碼

from flask import Flask,render_template,request
from flask_script import Manager
from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from flask_wtf.file import FileField,FileAllowed,FileRequired
from wtforms import SubmitField
from flask_uploads import UploadSet,patch_request_class,configure_uploads,IMAGES
from flask_bootstrap import Bootstrap
import os
from PIL import Image

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH'] = 1024*1024*64
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'abcdef'
app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'] = os.path.join(os.getcwd(),'static/upload')
bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)
file = UploadSet('photos',IMAGES)
configure_uploads(app,file)
patch_request_class(app,size=None)
manager = Manager(app)

#自定義一個文件上傳的表單類
class File(FlaskForm):
    photos = FileField('修改頭像',validators=[FileRequired(message='文件不能爲空'),FileAllowed(file,message='該文件類型不容許上傳')])
    submit = SubmitField('提交')

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html')

#生成隨機的圖片名稱
def random_name(suffix,length=32):
    import string,random
    myStr = string.ascii_letters + '0123456789'
    return ''.join(random.choice(myStr) for i in range(length))+suffix

@app.route('/upload/',methods=['GET','POST'])
def icon():
    form = File()
    img_url = None
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        data = request.files.get('photos')
        suffix = os.path.splitext(data.filename)[-1]
        newName = random_name(suffix)
        file.save(data,name=newName)
        img_url = file.url(newName)

        img = Image.open(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],newName))
        print(img.size)  # 獲取圖片大小
        # 設置尺寸
        img.thumbnail((128, 128))  # 當前縮放不是等比縮放 變成等比縮放
        img.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOADED_PHOTOS_DEST'],'s_'+newName))
    return render_template('user/wtf-uplods.html',form=form,img_url=img_url)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

2、發送郵件 flask-mail

pip install flask-mail

設置臨時環境變量

windows set 名=值

Ubuntu下 export 名=值
注意： 名和值都不用加引號

單線程發送郵件

from flask import Flask,render_template
from flask_script import Manager
from flask_mail import Mail,Message
import os

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.163.com'
# 爲了保密 將郵箱帳號和受權碼都加入到了臨時環境變量中
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_USERNAME')
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_PASSWORD')

mail = Mail(app)
manager = Manager(app)

@app.route('/send_mail/')
def send_mail():
    msg = Message(subject='大郎',recipients=['793390457@qq.com'],sender=app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'])
    msg.html = render_template('email/activate.html',username='大郎')
    mail.send(message=msg)
    return '發送郵件'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

異步發送郵件

from flask import Flask,render_template
from flask_script import Manager
from flask_mail import Mail,Message
import os
from threading import Thread

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['MAIL_SERVER'] = 'smtp.163.com'
app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_USERNAME')
app.config['MAIL_PASSWORD'] = os.environ.get('MAIL_PASSWORD')

mail = Mail(app)
manager = Manager(app)

@app.route('/send_mail/')
def send_mail():
    msg = Message(subject='大郎',recipients=['793390457@qq.com'],sender=app.config['MAIL_USERNAME'])
    msg.html = render_template('email/activate.html',username='大郎')
    thr = Thread(target=async_send_mail,args=(msg,)) #建立線程 參數1爲建立子線程 參數2爲傳遞參數 類型爲元組
    thr.start() #開啓線程
    return '發送郵件'

def async_send_mail(msg):
    #開啓程序上下文  把當前請求 做爲同一個請求
    with app.app_context():
        mail.send(message=msg)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

flask入門5-model