vue、react等單頁面項目應該這樣子部署到服務器

時間 2019-11-05

原文原文鏈接

服務端渲染： next.js、nuxt.js等服務端渲染框架構建的項目部署到服務器，並用PM2守護程序

最近好多夥伴說，我用vue作的項目本地是能夠的，但部署到服務器遇到好多問題：資源找不到，直接訪問index.html頁面空白，刷新當前路由404。。。用react作的項目也一樣遇到相似問題。如今咱們一塊兒討論下單頁面如何部署到服務器？html

因爲前端路由緣故，單頁面應用應該放到nginx或者apache、tomcat等web代理服務器中，千萬不要直接訪問index.html，同時要根據本身服務器的項目路徑更改react或vue的路由地址。前端

若是說項目是直接跟在域名後面的，好比:http://www.sosout.com ，根路由就是 '/'。
若是說項目是直接跟在域名後面的一個子目錄中的，好比:http://www.sosout.com/children ，根路由就是 '/children '，不能直接訪問index.html。vue

以配置Nginx爲例，配置過程大體以下：（假設：
一、項目文件目錄： /mnt/html/spa（spa目錄下的文件就是執行了npm run dist 後生成的dist目錄下的文件）
二、訪問域名：spa.sosout.com）
進入nginx.conf新增以下配置：react

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name  spa.sosout.com;
    root /mnt/html/spa;
    index index.html;
    location ~ ^/favicon\.ico$ {
        root /mnt/html/spa;
    }

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
        proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Proto  $scheme;
    }
    access_log  /mnt/logs/nginx/access.log  main;
}

注意事項：
一、配置域名的話，須要80端口，成功後，只要訪問域名便可訪問的項目
二、若是你使用了react-router的 browserHistory 模式或 vue-router的 history 模式，在nginx配置還須要重寫路由：nginx

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name  spa.sosout.com;
    root /mnt/html/spa;
    index index.html;
    location ~ ^/favicon\.ico$ {
        root /mnt/html/spa;
    }

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ @fallback;
        index index.html;
        proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Proto  $scheme;
    }
    location @fallback {
        rewrite ^.*$ /index.html break;
    }
    access_log  /mnt/logs/nginx/access.log  main;
}

爲何要重寫路由？由於咱們的項目只有一個根入口，當輸入相似/home的url時，若是找不到對應的頁面，nginx會嘗試加載index.html，這是經過react-router或vue-router就能正確的匹配咱們輸入的/home路由，從而顯示正確的home頁面，若是browserHistory模式或history模式的項目沒有配置上述內容，會出現404的狀況。es6

簡單舉兩個例子，一個vue項目一個react項目：web

vue項目：vue-router

域名：http://tb.sosout.comapache

import App from '../App'

// 首頁
const home = r => require.ensure([], () => r(require('../page/home/index')), 'home')

// 物流
const logistics = r => require.ensure([], () => r(require('../page/logistics/index')), 'logistics')

// 購物車
const cart = r => require.ensure([], () => r(require('../page/cart/index')), 'cart')

// 個人
const profile = r => require.ensure([], () => r(require('../page/profile/index')), 'profile')

// 登陸界面
const login = r => require.ensure([], () => r(require('../page/user/login')), 'login')

export default [{
  path: '/',
  component: App, // 頂層路由，對應index.html
  children: [{
    path: '/home', // 首頁
    component: home
  }, {
    path: '/logistics', // 物流
    component: logistics,
    meta: {
      login: true
    }
  }, {
    path: '/cart', // 購物車
    component: cart,
    meta: {
      login: true
    }
  }, {
    path: '/profile', // 個人
    component: profile
  }, {
    path: '/login', // 登陸界面
    component: login
  }, {
    path: '*',
    redirect: '/home'
  }]
}]

############
# 其餘配置
############

http {
    ############
    # 其餘配置
    ############
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name  tb.sosout.com;
        root /mnt/html/tb;
        index index.html;
        location ~ ^/favicon\.ico$ {
            root /mnt/html/tb;
        }
    
        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ @fallback;
            index index.html;
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Proto  $scheme;
        }
        location @fallback {
            rewrite ^.*$ /index.html break;
        }
        access_log  /mnt/logs/nginx/access.log  main;
    }
    ############
    # 其餘配置
    ############   
}

react項目：npm

域名：http://antd.sosout.com

/**
* 疑惑一：
* React createClass 和 extends React.Component 有什麼區別?
* 以前寫法：
* let app = React.createClass({
*      getInitialState: function(){
*        // some thing
*      }
*  })
* ES6寫法(經過es6類的繼承實現時state的初始化要在constructor中聲明)：
* class exampleComponent extends React.Component {
*    constructor(props) {
*        super(props);
*        this.state = {example: 'example'}
*    }
* }
*/

import React, {Component, PropTypes} from 'react'; // react核心
import { Router, Route, Redirect, IndexRoute, browserHistory, hashHistory } from 'react-router'; // 建立route所需
import Config from '../config/index';
import layout from '../component/layout/layout'; // 佈局界面

import login from '../containers/login/login'; // 登陸界面

/**
 * (路由根目錄組件，顯示當前符合條件的組件)
 * 
 * @class Roots
 * @extends {Component}
 */
class Roots extends Component {
    render() {
        // 這個組件是一個包裹組件，全部的路由跳轉的頁面都會以this.props.children的形式加載到本組件下
        return (
            <div>{this.props.children}</div>
        );
    }
}

// const history = process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' ? browserHistory : hashHistory;

// 快速入門
const home = (location, cb) => {
    require.ensure([], require => {
        cb(null, require('../containers/home/homeIndex').default)
    }, 'home');
}

// 百度圖表-折線圖
const chartLine = (location, cb) => {
    require.ensure([], require => {
        cb(null, require('../containers/charts/lines').default)
    }, 'chartLine');
}

// 基礎組件-按鈕
const button = (location, cb) => {
    require.ensure([], require => {
        cb(null, require('../containers/general/buttonIndex').default)
    }, 'button');
}

// 基礎組件-圖標
const icon = (location, cb) => {
    require.ensure([], require => {
        cb(null, require('../containers/general/iconIndex').default)
    }, 'icon');
}

// 用戶管理
const user = (location, cb) => {
    require.ensure([], require => {
        cb(null, require('../containers/user/userIndex').default)
    }, 'user');
}

// 系統設置
const setting = (location, cb) => {
    require.ensure([], require => {
        cb(null, require('../containers/setting/settingIndex').default)
    }, 'setting');
}

// 廣告管理
const adver = (location, cb) => {
    require.ensure([], require => {
        cb(null, require('../containers/adver/adverIndex').default)
    }, 'adver');
}

// 組件一
const oneui = (location, cb) => {
    require.ensure([], require => {
        cb(null, require('../containers/ui/oneIndex').default)
    }, 'oneui');
}

// 組件二
const twoui = (location, cb) => {
    require.ensure([], require => {
        cb(null, require('../containers/ui/twoIndex').default)
    }, 'twoui');
}

// 登陸驗證
const requireAuth = (nextState, replace) => {
    let token = (new Date()).getTime() - Config.localItem('USER_AUTHORIZATION');
    if(token > 7200000) { // 模擬Token保存2個小時
        replace({
            pathname: '/login',
            state: { nextPathname: nextState.location.pathname }
        });
    }
}

const RouteConfig = (
    <Router history={browserHistory}>
        <Route path="/home" component={layout} onEnter={requireAuth}>
            <IndexRoute getComponent={home} onEnter={requireAuth} /> // 默認加載的組件，好比訪問www.test.com,會自動跳轉到www.test.com/home
            <Route path="/home" getComponent={home} onEnter={requireAuth} />
            <Route path="/chart/line" getComponent={chartLine} onEnter={requireAuth} />
            <Route path="/general/button" getComponent={button} onEnter={requireAuth} />
            <Route path="/general/icon" getComponent={icon} onEnter={requireAuth} />
            <Route path="/user" getComponent={user} onEnter={requireAuth} />
            <Route path="/setting" getComponent={setting} onEnter={requireAuth} />
            <Route path="/adver" getComponent={adver} onEnter={requireAuth} />
            <Route path="/ui/oneui" getComponent={oneui} onEnter={requireAuth} />
            <Route path="/ui/twoui" getComponent={twoui} onEnter={requireAuth} />
        </Route>
        <Route path="/login" component={Roots}> // 全部的訪問，都跳轉到Roots
            <IndexRoute component={login} /> // 默認加載的組件，好比訪問www.test.com,會自動跳轉到www.test.com/home
        </Route>
        <Redirect from="*" to="/home" />
    </Router>
);

export default RouteConfig;

############
# 其餘配置
############

http {
    ############
    # 其餘配置
    ############
    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name  antd.sosout.com;
        root /mnt/html/reactAntd;
        index index.html;
        location ~ ^/favicon\.ico$ {
            root /mnt/html/reactAntd;
        }

        location / {
            try_files $uri $uri/ @router;
            index index.html;
            proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
            proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-Proto  $scheme;
        }
        location @router {
            rewrite ^.*$ /index.html break;
        }
        access_log  /mnt/logs/nginx/access.log  main;
    }

    ############
    # 其餘配置
    ############   
}