Spring Boot 開發集成 WebSocket，實現私有即時通訊系統

時間 2020-05-25

標籤 spring boot 開發集成 websocket 實現私有即時通訊系統欄目 Spring 简体版

原文原文鏈接

1/ 概述

利用Spring Boot做爲基礎框架，Spring Security做爲安全框架，WebSocket做爲通訊框架，實現點對點聊天和羣聊天。html

2/ 所需依賴

Spring Boot 版本 1.5.3，使用MongoDB存儲數據（非必須），Maven依賴以下：java

<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <thymeleaf.version>3.0.0.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
    <thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.0.0</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <!-- WebSocket依賴，移除Tomcat容器 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 使用Undertow容器 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!--  Spring Security 框架 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- MongoDB數據庫 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-mongodb</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Thymeleaf 模版引擎 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.16.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.30</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 靜態資源 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
      <artifactId>webjars-locator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
      <artifactId>sockjs-client</artifactId>
      <version>1.0.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
      <artifactId>stomp-websocket</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
      <artifactId>bootstrap</artifactId>
      <version>3.3.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.webjars</groupId>
      <artifactId>jquery</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

配置文件內容：jquery

server:
  port: 80

# 若使用MongoDB則配置以下參數
spring:
  data:
    mongodb:
      uri: mongodb://username:password@172.25.11.228:27017
      authentication-database: admin
      database: chat

大體程序結構，僅供參考：git

3/ 建立程序啓動類，啓用WebSocket

使用@EnableWebSocket註解github

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableWebSocket
public class Application {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
  }

}

4/ 配置Spring Security

此章節省略。（配置好Spring Security，用戶能正常登陸便可）
能夠參考：Spring Boot 全棧開發：用戶安全web

5/ 配置Web Socket（結合第7節的JS看）

@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
@Log4j
public class WebSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {

  // 此處可注入本身寫的Service

  @Override
  public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry stompEndpointRegistry) {
    // 客戶端與服務器端創建鏈接的點
    stompEndpointRegistry.addEndpoint("/any-socket").withSockJS();
  }

  @Override
  public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry messageBrokerRegistry) {
    // 配置客戶端發送信息的路徑的前綴
    messageBrokerRegistry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");
    messageBrokerRegistry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic");
  }

  @Override
  public void configureWebSocketTransport(final WebSocketTransportRegistration registration) {
    registration.addDecoratorFactory(new WebSocketHandlerDecoratorFactory() {
      @Override
      public WebSocketHandler decorate(final WebSocketHandler handler) {
        return new WebSocketHandlerDecorator(handler) {
          @Override
          public void afterConnectionEstablished(final WebSocketSession session) throws Exception {
            // 客戶端與服務器端創建鏈接後，此處記錄誰上線了
            String username = session.getPrincipal().getName();
            log.info("online: " + username);
            super.afterConnectionEstablished(session);
          }

          @Override
          public void afterConnectionClosed(WebSocketSession session, CloseStatus closeStatus) throws Exception {
            // 客戶端與服務器端斷開鏈接後，此處記錄誰下線了
            String username = session.getPrincipal().getName();
            log.info("offline: " + username);
            super.afterConnectionClosed(session, closeStatus);
          }
        };
      }
    });
    super.configureWebSocketTransport(registration);
  }
}

6/ 點對點消息，羣消息

@Controller
@Log4j
public class ChatController {

  @Autowired
  private SimpMessagingTemplate template;
  
  // 注入其它Service

  // 羣聊天
  @MessageMapping("/notice")
  public void notice(Principal principal, String message) {  
    // 參數說明 principal 當前登陸的用戶， message 客戶端發送過來的內容
    // principal.getName() 可得到當前用戶的username  

    // 發送消息給訂閱 "/topic/notice" 且在線的用戶
    template.convertAndSend("/topic/notice", message); 
  }

  // 點對點聊天
  @MessageMapping("/chat")
  public void chat(Principal principal, String message){
    // 參數說明 principal 當前登陸的用戶， message 客戶端發送過來的內容（應該至少包含發送對象toUser和消息內容content）
    // principal.getName() 可得到當前用戶的username

    // 發送消息給訂閱 "/user/topic/chat" 且用戶名爲toUser的用戶
    template.convertAndSendToUser(toUser, "/topic/chat", content);
  }

}

7/ 客戶端與服務器端交互

var stompClient = null;

    function connect() {
        var socket = new SockJS('/any-socket');
        stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
        stompClient.connect({}, function (frame) {
            // 訂閱 /topic/notice 實現羣聊
            stompClient.subscribe('/topic/notice', function (message) {
                showMessage(JSON.parse(message.body));
            });
            // 訂閱 /user/topic/chat 實現點對點聊
            stompClient.subscribe('/user/topic/chat', function (message) {
                showMessage(JSON.parse(message.body));
            });
        });
    }

    function showMessage(message) {
        // 處理消息在頁面的顯示
    }

    $(function () {
        // 創建websocket鏈接
        connect();
        // 發送消息按鈕事件
        $("#send").click(function () {
            if (target == "TO_ALL"){
                // 羣發消息
                // 匹配後端ChatController中的 @MessageMapping("/notice")
                stompClient.send("/app/notice", {}, '消息內容');
            }else{
                // 點對點消息，消息中必須包含對方的username
                // 匹配後端ChatController中的 @MessageMapping("/chat")
                var content = "{'content':'消息內容','receiver':'anoy'}";
                stompClient.send("/app/chat", {}, content);
            }
        });
    });