RHEL6 搭建部署共享存儲服務

時間 2019-11-07

標籤 rhel6 rhel 搭建部署共享存儲服務欄目 Red Hat 简体版

原文原文鏈接

搭建存儲服務器html

什麼是存儲：前端

存儲是根據不一樣的應用環境經過採起合理，安全，有效的方式將數據保存到某些介質上並能保證有效的訪問node

一方面它是數據臨時或長期駐留的物理媒介vim

另外一方面，它是保證數據完整安全存放的方式或行爲後端

存儲就是把這兩方面結合起來，向客戶提供一套數據存放解決方案安全

存儲介質：內存(臨時存儲) 磁盤(永久存儲)服務器

數據存儲位置：雲存儲本地共享存儲分佈式存儲網絡

存儲技術分類：session

SCSI 小型計算機系統接口 app

DAS 直連式存儲

NAS 網絡技術存儲

SAN 存儲區域網絡

FC 光纖通道

SCSI技術

Small Computer System Interface的簡稱

做爲輸入/輸出接口

主要用於硬盤，光盤，磁帶機等設備

DAS技術

Direct-Attached Storage的簡稱

將存儲設備經過SCSI接口或光纖通道直接鏈接到計算機上

不能實現數據與其餘主機的共享

佔用服務器操做系統資源，如CPU，IO

數據量越大，性能越差

NAS技術

Network-Attached Storage的簡稱

一種專用數據存儲服務器，以數據爲中心，將存儲設備與服務器完全分離，集中管理數據，從而釋放帶寬，提取性能，下降總擁有成分，保護投資

用戶經過TCP/IP協議訪問數據

SAN技術

Storage Area Network的簡稱

— 經過光纖交換機，光纖路由器，光纖集線器等設備將磁盤陣列，磁帶等存儲設備與相關服器鏈接起來，造成高速專用網絡

組成部分

— 如路由器，光纖交換機

— 接口：如SCSI，FC

— 通用協議：如IP，SCSI

FC技術

Fibre Channel

— 一種合適千兆數據傳輸的，成熟而安全解決方案

— 與傳統的SCSI相比，FC提供更高的數據傳輸速率，更遠的傳輸速率，更遠的傳輸距離，更多的設備鏈接支持以及更穩定的性能，更簡易的安裝

FC主要組件

— 光纖

— HBA (主機總線適配置器 )

— FC交換機

FC交換機交換拓撲

— 點到點：point-to-point

簡單將兩個設備互連

— 已裁定的環路：arbitrated loop

可多達126個設備共享一段信或環路

— 交換式拓撲：switched fabric

全部設備經過光纖交換機互連

ISCI技術

Inetnet SCSI

IETF制定的標準，將SCSI數據塊映射爲以太網數據包

是一種基於IP Storage理論的新型存儲技術

將存儲行業普遍應用的SCSI接口技術與IP網絡像結合

能夠在IP網絡上構建SAN

最初由Cisco和IBM開放

isci優點

— 基於IP協議技術的標準

— 容許網絡在TCP/IP協議上傳輸SCSI命令

— 相對了傳輸效率，存儲容量，兼容性，開放性，安全性等方面的問題

— 沒有距離限制

客戶端

— ISCSI Initiator : 軟件實現，成本低，性能較低

— ISCSI HBA：硬件實現，性能好，成本較高

存儲設備端

— ISCSI Target

配置iSCSI服務

在存儲設備端主機56 上添加三塊 3G 硬盤

# lsblk

NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

...

vdb 252:16 0 3G 0 disk

vdc 252:32 0 3G 0 disk

vdd 252:48 0 3G 0 disk

在56 主機上使用SAN技術共享存儲空間

(/dev/vdb /dev/vdc) 給前端應服務器 53 和 54

一配置後端存儲

裝包

# yum list | grep -i scsi

iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64 6.2.0.873-14.el6 dvd

lsscsi.x86_64 0.23-3.el6 dvd

scsi-target-utils.x86_64 1.0.24-16.el6 dvd

# yum -y install scsi-target-utils

# rpm -q scsi-target-utils

scsi-target-utils-1.0.24-16.el6.x86_64

# rpm -qc scsi-target-utils

/etc/sysconfig/tgtd

/etc/tgt/targets.conf //主配置文件

# cp /etc/tgt/targets.conf /root/ //備份主配置文件

# chkconfig tgtd on

# chkconfig --list tgtd

tgtd 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啓用 3:啓用 4:啓用 5:啓用 6:關閉

修改配置文件

# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf

.. ..

<target iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb> //iqn描述信息

backing-store /dev/vdb //定義存儲設備/dev/vdb

write-cache off

#initiator-address 192.168.4.53 //限制只有此ip能夠訪問這裏註釋是採起默認共享給全部人

vendor_id xuenqlve //生產廠家

product_id disk1 //型號

</target>

backing-store /dev/vdc

write-cache off

#initiator-address 192.168.4.54

vendor_id xuenqlve

product_id disk2

</target>

.. ..

啓動服務

# service tgtd start

正在啓動 SCSI target daemon： [肯定]

# netstat -pantu | grep tgtd

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3260 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2728/tgtd

tcp 0 0 :::3260 :::* LISTEN 2728/tgtd

查看共享信息

# tgt-admin --show //查看共享信息命令行輸出配置文件內容

Target 1: iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb

System information:

Driver: iscsi

State: ready

I_T nexus information:

LUN information:

LUN: 0

Type: controller

SCSI ID: IET 00010000

SCSI SN: beaf10

Size: 0 MB, Block size: 1

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Prevent removal: No

Readonly: No

Backing store type: null

Backing store path: None

Backing store flags:

LUN: 1

Type: disk

SCSI ID: IET 00010001

SCSI SN: beaf11

Size: 3221 MB, Block size: 512

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Prevent removal: No

Readonly: No

Backing store type: rdwr

Backing store path: /dev/vdb

Backing store flags:

Account information:

ACL information:

ALL

Target 2: iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskc

System information:

Driver: iscsi //設備

State: ready //狀態

I_T nexus information:

LUN information:

LUN: 0

Type: controller

SCSI ID: IET 00020000

SCSI SN: beaf20

Size: 0 MB, Block size: 1

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Prevent removal: No

Readonly: No

Backing store type: null

Backing store path: None

Backing store flags:

LUN: 1

Type: disk

SCSI ID: IET 00020001

SCSI SN: beaf21

Size: 3221 MB, Block size: 512

Online: Yes //當前是否可用

Removable media: No

Prevent removal: No

Readonly: No

Backing store type: rdwr

Backing store path: /dev/vdc //共享盤

Backing store flags:

Account information:

ACL information: //訪問控制列表

ALL

二配置前端

裝包

# yum list | grep -i scsi

iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64 6.2.0.873-14.el6 dvd

lsscsi.x86_64 0.23-3.el6 dvd

scsi-target-utils.x86_64 1.0.24-16.el6 dvd =

# yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils

# rpm -qc iscsi-initiator-utils

/etc/iscsi/iscsid.conf

/etc/logrotate.d/iscsiuiolog

# /etc/init.d/iscsi status //當前爲啓動

iscsi 已停

# chkconfig --list iscsid //默認開機自啓

iscsid 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:啓用 4:啓用 5:啓用 6:關閉

發現設備

# iscsiadm --mode discoverydb --type sendtargets --portal 192.168.4.56 --discover

正在啓動 iscsid： [肯定]

192.168.4.56:3260,1 iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb

192.168.4.56:3260,1 iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskc

登陸設備

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 --login

Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb, portal: 192.168.4.56,3260] (multiple)

查看登陸信息

# fdisk -l

...

Disk /dev/sda: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes

100 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1014 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 6200 * 512 = 3174400 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00000000

# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda

登出設備

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 --logout

Logging out of session [sid: 1, target: iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb, portal: 192.168.4.56,3260]

Logout of [sid: 1, target: iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb, portal: 192.168.4.56,3260] successful.

//--mode 能夠用 -m --type 能夠換用 -t --login 能夠換用 -l --logout 能夠換用 -u

登陸共享磁盤順序會影響設備在本機的命名名稱

三. 配置UDV

1 獲取硬件設備的參數信息

# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda

# ls /etc/udev/rules.d/ UDV程序目錄文件名命名規則數字-描述信息.rules 數字越小運行時優先級越高

# which udevadm

/sbin/udevadm

# udevadm --help

Usage: udevadm [--help] [--version] [--debug] COMMAND [COMMAND OPTIONS]

info query sysfs or the udev database

trigger request events from the kernel

settle wait for the event queue to finish

control control the udev daemon

monitor listen to kernel and udev events

test simulation run

//獲取加載設備路徑信息

# udevadm info --query=path --name=/dev/sda

/devices/platform/host3/session2/target3:0:0/3:0:0:1/block/sda

//獲取路徑信息對應的設備參數

# udevadm info --path=/devices/platform/host3/session2/target3:0:0/3:0:0:1/block/sda --attribute-walk

...

SUBSYSTEM=="block"

ATTR{size}=="6291456"

...

ATTRS{vendor}=="xuenqlve"

ATTRS{model}=="disk1 "

...

//登陸另外一個設備

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskc --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 --login

# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sdb

# udevadm info --query=path --name=/dev/sdb

/devices/platform/host4/session3/target4:0:0/4:0:0:1/block/sdb

# udevadm info --path=/devices/platform/host4/session3/target4:0:0/4:0:0:1/block/sdb --attribute-walk

...

SUBSYSTEM=="block"

ATTR{size}=="6291456"

...

ATTRS{vendor}=="xuenqlve"

ATTRS{model}=="disk2 "

...

2 編寫存放硬件設備的參數的UDV程序的配置文件

# vim /etc/udev/rules.d/70-iscsidisk.rules

SUBSYSTEM=="block", ATTR{size}=="6291456", ATTRS{vendor}=="xuenqlve", ATTRS{model}=="disk1 ", SYMLINK+="iscsi/sdb"

SUBSYSTEM=="block", ATTR{size}=="6291456", ATTRS{vendor}=="xuenqlve", ATTRS{model}=="disk2 ", SYMLINK+="iscsi/sdc"

// SYMLINK+="" 生成一個連接文件

3 啓動UDV

# start_udev

正在啓動 udev： [肯定]

# ls /dev/iscsi/ -l

總用量 0

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 1月 13 06:13 sdb -> ../sda

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 1月 13 06:13 sdc -> ../sdb

4 查看命名信息

//測試所有登出

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 --logout

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskc --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 --logout

# ls /dev/sd*

ls: 沒法訪問/dev/sd*: 沒有那個文件或目錄

//先登陸 diskc

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskc --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 --login

# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda

# ls /dev/iscsi/ -l

總用量 0

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 1月 13 06:16 sdc -> ../sda

//再登陸 diskb

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 --login

# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sdb

# ls /dev/iscsi/ -l

總用量 0

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 1月 13 06:17 sdb -> ../sdb

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 1月 13 06:16 sdc -> ../sda

四 . 使用共享存儲磁盤存儲數據

分區 — > 格式化 — > 掛載 —> 存儲數據

分區

# fdisk /dev/iscsi/sdb

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x23b0ff1a.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-1014, default 1): 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1014, default 1014):

Using default value 1014

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/iscsi/sdb: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes

100 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1014 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 6200 * 512 = 3174400 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x23b0ff1a

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/iscsi/sdb1 1 1014 3143369 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

格式化

# ls /dev/iscsi/

sdb sdc

# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb

# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

文件系統標籤=

操做系統:Linux

塊大小=4096 (log=2)

分塊大小=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

196608 inodes, 785842 blocks

39292 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

第一個數據塊=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=805306368

24 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

正在寫入inode表: 完成

Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

# blkid /dev/sda1

/dev/sda1: UUID="342994ac-4bce-4b21-9755-3377a79bb453" TYPE="ext4"

# vim /etc/fstab

# tail -1 /etc/fstab

UUID=342994ac-4bce-4b21-9755-3377a79bb453 /var/www/html ext4 defaults 0 0

# mount -a

# mount | grep var

/dev/sda1 on /var/www/html type ext4 (rw)

# ls /var/www/html/

lost+found

# echo "Hello World" > /var/www/html/test.html

另外一端測試

# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sdb

# ls /dev/iscsi/ -l

總用量 0

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 1月 13 06:17 sdb -> ../sdb

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 1月 13 06:16 sdc -> ../sda

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskc --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 -u

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 -u

# ls /dev/sd*

ls: 沒法訪問/dev/sd*: 沒有那個文件或目錄

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 -l

# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskc --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 -l

# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb

# ls /dev/iscsi/sd*

/dev/iscsi/sdb /dev/iscsi/sdc

# ls /dev/iscsi/sd* -l

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 1月 13 07:27 /dev/iscsi/sdb -> ../sda

lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 6 1月 13 07:27 /dev/iscsi/sdc -> ../sdb

# blkid /dev/sda1 // 會發現uuid相同

/dev/sda1: UUID="342994ac-4bce-4b21-9755-3377a79bb453" TYPE="ext4"

# vim /etc/fstab

# tail -1 /etc/fstab

UUID=342994ac-4bce-4b21-9755-3377a79bb453 /var/www/html ext4 defaults 0 0

# mount -a

# mount | grep var

/dev/sda1 on /var/www/html type ext4 (rw)

# ls /var/www/html/

lost+found test.html

pc53 和 pc 54 配置keepalived 高可用集羣

具體步驟能夠參考： http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-zxhaycft-dd.html

[root@pc53 ~]# ip addr show | grep 192.168.4

inet 192.168.4.53/24 brd 192.168.4.255 scope global eth0

inet 192.168.4.251/32 scope global eth0

[root@pc54 ~]# ip addr show | grep 192.168.4

inet 192.168.4.54/24 brd 192.168.4.255 scope global eth0

//客戶端測試

# elinks --dump 192.168.4.251/test.html

Hello World

[root@pc53 ~]# service keepalived stop

中止 keepalived： [肯定]

[root@pc53 ~]# ip addr show | grep 192.168.4

inet 192.168.4.53/24 brd 192.168.4.255 scope global eth0

[root@pc54 ~]# ip addr show | grep 192.168.4

inet 192.168.4.54/24 brd 192.168.4.255 scope global eth0

inet 192.168.4.251/32 scope global eth0

# elinks --dump 192.168.4.251/test.html

Hello World

[root@pc53 ~]# echo "123" > /var/www/html/one.html

[root@pc53 ~]# ls /var/www/html/

lost+found one.html test.html

[root@pc54 ~]# ls /var/www/html/

lost+found test.html

[root@pc54 ~]# umount /var/www/html/

[root@pc54 ~]# mount -a

[root@pc54 ~]# ls /var/www/html/

lost+found one.html test.html

因此說不能同時掛載

應該給VIP設備掛載從而達到實現數據實時同步

能夠寫一個監控腳本監控當前機器是否得到VIP地址

當其剛剛得到 VIP時進行掛載

iSCSI服務多路徑

環境準備

存儲服務器有兩個網絡地址

eth0 192.168.4.56/24

eth1 192.168.2.56/24

應用服務器

pc 53

eth0 192.168.4.53/24

eth1 192.168.2.53/24

pc 54

eth0 192.168.4.54/24

eth1 192.168.2.54/24

配置後端存儲

[root@pc56 ~]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf

backing-store /dev/vdd

write-cache off

#initiator-address 192.168.4.54

#vendor_id xuenqlve

#product_id disk2

</target>

[root@pc56 ~]# /etc/init.d/tgtd restart

[root@pc56 ~]# tgt-admin --show

....

Target 3: iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskd

System information:

Driver: iscsi

State: ready

I_T nexus information:

LUN information:

LUN: 0

Type: controller

SCSI ID: IET 00030000

SCSI SN: beaf30

Size: 0 MB, Block size: 1

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Prevent removal: No

Readonly: No

Backing store type: null

Backing store path: None

Backing store flags:

LUN: 1

Type: disk

SCSI ID: IET 00030001

SCSI SN: beaf31

Size: 3221 MB, Block size: 512

Online: Yes

Removable media: No

Prevent removal: No

Readonly: No

Backing store type: rdwr

Backing store path: /dev/vdd

Backing store flags:

Account information:

ACL information:

ALL

[root@pc53 ~]# iscsiadm --mode discoverydb --type sendtargets --portal 192.168.4.56 --discover

192.168.4.56:3260,1 iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb

192.168.4.56:3260,1 iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskc

192.168.4.56:3260,1 iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskd

[root@pc53 ~]# iscsiadm --mode discoverydb --type sendtargets --portal 192.168.2.56 --discover

192.168.2.56:3260,1 iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskb

192.168.2.56:3260,1 iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskc

192.168.2.56:3260,1 iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskd

[root@pc53 ~]# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskd --portal 192.168.4.56:3260 -l

[root@pc53 ~]# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda

[root@pc53 ~]# iscsiadm --mode node --targetname iqn.2018-01.com.www:pc56.diskd --portal 192.168.2.56:3260 -l

[root@pc53 ~]# ls /dev/sd*

/dev/sda /dev/sdb

// /dev/sda 和 /dev/sdb 時後端的同一個設備

[root@pc53 ~]# which scsi_id

/sbin/scsi_id

[root@pc53 ~]# scsi_id --whitelisted --device=/dev/sda //獲取WWID

1IET 00030001

[root@pc53 ~]# scsi_id --whitelisted --device=/dev/sdb

1IET 00030001

裝包安裝提供多路徑須要的軟件包

[root@pc53 ~]# yum -y install device-mapper-multipath

[root@pc53 ~]# rpm -q device-mapper-multipath

device-mapper-multipath-0.4.9-87.el6.x86_64

建立並修改配置文件

[root@pc53 ~]# mpathconf --user_friendly_names n //生成配置文件

[root@pc53 ~]# ls /etc/multipath.conf

/etc/multipath.conf

[root@pc53 ~]# vim /etc/multipath.conf

25 defaults {

26 user_friendly_names no

27 getuid_callout "/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --device=/dev/%n"

38 # getuid_callout "/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --device=/dev/%n"

102 multipaths{

103 multipath{

104 wwid "1IET 00030001"

105 alias mpatha

106 }

107 }

[root@pc53 ~]# /etc/init.d/multipathd start

正在啓動守護進程multipathd： [肯定]

[root@pc53 ~]# chkconfig multipathd on

[root@pc53 ~]# ls /dev/mapper/mpatha

/dev/mapper/mpatha

格式化

[root@pc53 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/mpatha

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

文件系統標籤=

操做系統:Linux

塊大小=4096 (log=2)

分塊大小=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

196608 inodes, 786432 blocks

39321 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

第一個數據塊=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=805306368

24 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

正在寫入inode表: 完成

Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 27 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

[root@pc53 ~]# blkid /dev/mapper/mpatha

/dev/mapper/mpatha: UUID="cbdb1867-a537-4349-9c9d-f7ab08e917cb" TYPE="ext4"

查看多路徑信息

[root@pc53 ~]# multipath -ll //查看多路徑信息

mpatha (1IET 00030001) dm-2 IET,VIRTUAL-DISK

size=3.0G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=rw

|-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=active

| `- 5:0:0:1 sda 8:0 active ready running

`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=enabled

`- 6:0:0:1 sdb 8:16 active ready running

[root@pc53 ~]# multipath -rr

[root@pc53 ~]# multipath -ll

mpatha (1IET 00030001) dm-2 IET,VIRTUAL-DISK

size=3.0G features='0' hwhandler='0' wp=rw

`-+- policy='round-robin 0' prio=1 status=active

`- 5:0:0:1 sda 8:0 active ready running

NFS網絡文件系統

主要軟件包 nfs-utils rpcbind

配置NFS服務器 pc56

分區格式化掛載（開機掛載）

//分區

# fdisk /dev/vde

Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x1daab7a9.

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): n

Command action

e extended

p primary partition (1-4)

Partition number (1-4): 1

First cylinder (1-6241, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-6241, default 6241):

Using default value 6241

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vde: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes

16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6241 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x1daab7a9

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/dev/vde1 1 6241 3145432+ 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

//格式化分區

# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vde1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

文件系統標籤=

操做系統:Linux

塊大小=4096 (log=2)

分塊大小=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

196608 inodes, 786358 blocks

39317 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

第一個數據塊=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=805306368

24 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912

正在寫入inode表: 完成

Creating journal (16384 blocks): 完成

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

//建立掛載文件

# mkdir /sharespace

//查看分區UUID

# blkid /dev/vde1

/dev/vde1: UUID="e3dad5d2-eae2-4290-ba5e-935e6eda59c7" TYPE="ext4"

//配置開機自動掛載

[root@pc56 ~]# vim /etc/fstab

[root@pc56 ~]# tail -1 /etc/fstab

UUID=e3dad5d2-eae2-4290-ba5e-935e6eda59c7 /sharespace ext4 defaults 0 0

//掛載分區

[root@pc56 ~]# mount -a

//查看掛載狀況

[root@pc56 ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root

47G 1.4G 43G 4% /

tmpfs 499M 0 499M 0% /dev/shm

/dev/vda1 477M 36M 416M 8% /boot

/dev/sr0 3.6G 3.6G 0 100% /mnt/2018-01-15

/dev/vde1 2.9G 4.5M 2.8G 1% /sharespace

[root@pc56 ~]# mount | grep /dev/vde1

/dev/vde1 on /sharespace type ext4 (rw)

使用nfs 服務共享掛載目錄：

裝包修改配置文件啓動服務

# yum -y install rpcbind

# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start

正在啓動 rpcbind： [肯定]

# chkconfig rpcbind on

# yum -y install nfs-utils

# vim /etc/exports

# tail -1 /etc/exports

/sharespace *(rw)

# chmod o+w /sharespace/

# /etc/init.d/nfs start

啓動 NFS 服務： [肯定]

關掉 NFS 配額： [肯定]

啓動 NFS mountd： [肯定]

啓動 NFS 守護進程： [肯定]

正在啓動 RPC idmapd： [肯定]

# chkconfig nfs on

# showmount -e localhost

Export list for localhost:

/sharespace *

Web服務器訪問查看共享信息 pc 51 / pc 52

# yum -y install nfs-uits

# showmount -e 192.168.4.56

Export list for 192.168.4.56:

/sharespace *

[root@pc51 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.4.56:/sharespace /var/www/html/

[root@pc51 ~]# mount | tail -1

192.168.4.56:/sharespace on /var/www/html type nfs (rw,vers=4,addr=192.168.4.56,clientaddr=192.168.4.51)

[root@pc52 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.4.56:/sharespace /var/www/html/

[root@pc52 ~]# mount | tail -1

192.168.4.56:/sharespace on /var/www/html type nfs (rw,vers=4,addr=192.168.4.56,clientaddr=192.168.4.52)

[root@pc51 ~]# ls /var/www/html/

lost+found

[root@pc51 ~]# echo "hello" > /var/www/html/index.html

[root@pc51 ~]# ls /var/www/html/

index.html lost+found

//會在pc52 端會生成一樣的文件實現了實時同步

[root@pc52 ~]# ls /var/www/html/

index.html lost+found

//完成 pc51 和 pc52 上的開機自動掛載

# vim /etc/fstab

# tail -1 /etc/fstab

192.168.4.56:/sharespace /var/www/html/ nfsdefaults 0 0

相關標籤/搜索

每日一句

每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。