目錄html
python -m pytest
調用pytest
pytest
執行結束時返回的狀態碼PDB
環境JUnitXML
格式的測試報告URL
連接 -- pastebin
服務python
代碼中調用pytest
python -m pytest
調用pytest
你能夠經過python的解釋器來執行測試:node
python -m pytest [...]
可是,這和直接執行pytest [...]
命令的效果幾乎是如出一轍的;python
pytest
執行結束時返回的狀態碼pytest
命令執行結束,可能會返回如下六種狀態碼:git
pytest
命令使用錯誤它們在枚舉類 _pytest.main.ExitCode 中聲明。而且,其做爲公開API的一部分,可以直接引入和訪問:github
from pytest import ExitCode
pytest --version # 查看版本號和pytest的引入路徑 pytest -h # 查看幫助信息
當達到最大上限時,退出執行;如未配置,則沒有上限:緩存
pytest -x # 遇到第一個失敗時,退出執行 pytest --maxfail==2 # 遇到第二個失敗時,退出執行
pytest
支持多種方式來執行特定的測試用例:bash
pytest test_mod.py
pytest testing/
執行當前目錄下,名字包含_class
但不包含two
的測試用例:session
pytest -k "_class and not two" .
注意:python的關鍵字不能夠應用在
-k
選項中,例如,class
、def
等。app
nodeid
的測試用例pytest
爲每個收集到的測試用例指定一個惟一的nodeid
。其由模塊名加說明符構成,中間以::
間隔。函數
其中,說明符能夠是類名、函數名以及由parametrize
標記賦予的參數:
# src/chapter-2/test_nodeid.py import pytest def test_one(): print('test_one') assert 1 class TestNodeId: def test_one(self): print('TestNodeId::test_one') assert 1 @pytest.mark.parametrize('x,y', [(1, 1), (3, 4)]) def test_two(self, x, y): print(f'TestNodeId::test_two::{x} == {y}') assert x == y
在上述示例中,咱們建立了三個測試用例,分別對應不一樣的說明符:
指定函數名執行
$ pipenv run pytest -q -s src/chapter-2/test_nodeid.py::test_one test_one . 1 passed in 0.01s
指定類名+函數名執行
$ pipenv run pytest -q -s src/chapter-2/test_nodeid.py::TestNodeId::test_one TestNodeId::test_one . 1 passed in 0.01s
指定由parametrize
標記賦予的參數執行
$ pipenv run pytest -q -s src/chapter-2/test_nodeid.py::TestNodeId::test_two[1-1] TestNodeId::test_two::1 == 1 . 1 passed in 0.01s
這裏對參數x
、y
賦值的形式是[1-1]
,中間以-
間隔;
單個或多個參數的賦值形式以此類比;而且,只能爲[1-1]
或者[3-4]
,其它的會報錯;
注意:
這裏咱們也可使用
-k
選項達到一樣的效果:
首先,可使用
--collect-only
選項查看用例名:λ pipenv run pytest -q -s --collect-only src/chapter-2/test_nodeid.py test_nodeid.py::test_one test_nodeid.py::TestNodeId::test_one test_nodeid.py::TestNodeId::test_two[1-1] test_nodeid.py::TestNodeId::test_two[3-4]而後,使用
-k
執行符合規則的用例,例如:執行test_nodeid.py::test_one
:λ pipenv run pytest -q -s -k 'test_one and not TestNodeId' src/chapter-2/test_nodeid.py test_one . 1 passed, 3 deselected in 0.02s結果和執行
pipenv run pytest -q -s src/chapter-2/test_nodeid.py::test_one
同樣;
pytest -m slow
pytest --pyargs pkg.testing
pytest
會引入pkg.testing
包,並在它的系統目錄下搜尋測試用例並執行;
pytest回溯信息的輸出一共有六種模式:auto/long/short/line/native/no,用--tb
選項指定:
pytest -l, --showlocals # 打印本地變量 pytest --tb=auto # 默認模式 pytest --tb=long # 儘量詳細的輸出 pytest --tb=short # 更簡短的輸出 pytest --tb=line # 每一個失敗信息總結在一行中 pytest --tb=native # python的標準輸出 pytest --tb=no # 不打印失敗信息
--full-trace
是一種比--tb=long
更詳細的輸出模式。它甚至能觀察到用戶打斷執行(Ctrl+C
)時的回溯信息,而上述六種模式默認是不輸出此類信息的。
-r
選項能夠在執行結束後,打印一個簡短的總結報告。在執行的測試用例不少時,可讓你對結果有個清晰的瞭解:
# src/chapter-2/test_report.py import pytest @pytest.fixture def error_fixture(): assert 0 def test_ok(): print("ok") def test_fail(): assert 0 def test_error(error_fixture): pass def test_skip(): pytest.skip("skipping this test") def test_xfail(): pytest.xfail("xfailing this test") @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="always xfail") def test_xpass(): pass
$ pipenv run pytest -q -rA src/chapter-2/test_report.py .FEsxX [100%] ================================ ERRORS ================================= _____________________ ERROR at setup of test_error ______________________ @pytest.fixture def error_fixture(): > assert 0 E assert 0 src/chapter-2/test_report.py:27: AssertionError =============================== FAILURES ================================ _______________________________ test_fail _______________________________ def test_fail(): > assert 0 E assert 0 src/chapter-2/test_report.py:35: AssertionError ================================ PASSES ================================= ________________________________ test_ok ________________________________ ------------------------- Captured stdout call -------------------------- ok ======================== short test summary info ======================== PASSED src/chapter-2/test_report.py::test_ok SKIPPED [1] /Users/yaomeng/Private/Projects/pytest-chinese-doc/src/chapter-2/test_report.py:44: skipping this test XFAIL src/chapter-2/test_report.py::test_xfail reason: xfailing this test XPASS src/chapter-2/test_report.py::test_xpass always xfail ERROR src/chapter-2/test_report.py::test_error - assert 0 FAILED src/chapter-2/test_report.py::test_fail - assert 0 1 failed, 1 passed, 1 skipped, 1 xfailed, 1 xpassed, 1 error in 0.08s
-r
選項後面要緊接這一個參數,用於過濾顯示測試用例的結果。
如下是全部有效的字符參數:
print
等p
和P
的上述字符參數能夠疊加使用,例如:咱們指望過濾出失敗的和未執行的:
pytest -rfs
PDB
是python
內建的診斷器,pytest
容許經過如下命令在執行失敗時進入這個診斷器模式:
pytest --pdb
pytest
會在測試用例失敗(或者Ctrl+C
)時,調用這個診斷器:
# src/chapter-2/test_pdb.py def test_fail(): x = 1 assert x == 0
$ pipenv run pytest -q --pdb src/chapter-2/test_pdb.py F >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> traceback >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> def test_fail(): x = 1 > assert x == 0 E assert 1 == 0 src/chapter-2/test_pdb.py:25: AssertionError >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> entering PDB >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> PDB post_mortem (IO-capturing turned off) >>>>>>>>>>>>>>> > /Users/yaomeng/Private/Projects/pytest-chinese-doc/src/chapter-2/test_pdb.py(25)test_fail() -> assert x == 0 (Pdb) (Pdb) x 1 (Pdb) (Pdb) import sys (Pdb) sys.last_value AssertionError('assert 1 == 0') (Pdb) sys.last_type <class 'AssertionError'> (Pdb) sys.last_traceback <traceback object at 0x1077ec808>
你還能夠訪問測試用例的本地變量x
;
失敗的信息存儲在sys.last_value, sys.last_type, sys.last_traceback
變量中,你能夠在交互環境中訪問它們;
使用exit
命令,退出PDB
環境;
PDB
環境經過如下命令,pytest
容許你在每一個測試用例開始執行時,就加載PDB
環境:
pytest --trace
在測試用例代碼中添加import pdb;pdb.set_trace()
,當其被調用時,pytest
會中止這條用例的輸出:
continue
命令,退出PDB
環境,並繼續執行用例;python 3.7介紹了一個內置breakpoint()
函數。pytest能夠在如下場景中支持使用:
breakpoint()
被調用,而且PYTHONBREAKPOINT
爲None
時,pytest
會使用內部自定義的PDB
代替系統的;PDB
;--pdb
選項時,breakpoint()
和測試發生錯誤時,都會調用內部自定義的PDB
;--pdbcls
選項容許指定一個用戶自定義的PDB
類;獲取執行最慢的10個測試用例:
pytest --durations=10
默認狀況下,pytest
不會顯示執行時間<0.01s的測試用例,可使用-vv
選項查看它們;
5.0版本新增特性
在測試執行中發生段錯誤或者超時的狀況下,faulthandler
標準模塊能夠轉儲python
的回溯信息;
它在pytest
的執行中默認使能,使用-p no:faulthandler
選項能夠關閉它;
一樣,faulthandler_timeout=X
配置項,可用於當測試用例的完成時間超過X
秒時,轉儲全部線程的python
回溯信息:
# src/chapter-2/pytest.ini [pytest] faulthandler_timeout=5
配置測試執行的超時時間是5秒;
# test_fault_handler.py import time def test_faulthandler(): time.sleep(7) assert 1
測試用例中添加等待7秒的操做;
默認使能faulthandler
的狀況:
$ pipenv run pytest -q src/chapter-2/test_faulthandler.py Timeout (0:00:05)! Thread 0x000000010ff275c0 (most recent call first): File "/Users/yaomeng/Private/Projects/pytest-chinese-doc/src/chapter-2/test_faulthandler.py", line 26 in test_faulthandler File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/python.py", line 170 in pytest_pyfunc_call File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/callers.py", line 187 in _multicall File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 86 in <lambda> File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 92 in _hookexec File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/hooks.py", line 286 in __call__ File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/python.py", line 1423 in runtest File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/runner.py", line 117 in pytest_runtest_call File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/callers.py", line 187 in _multicall File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 86 in <lambda> File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 92 in _hookexec File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/hooks.py", line 286 in __call__ File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/runner.py", line 192 in <lambda> File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/runner.py", line 220 in from_call File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/runner.py", line 192 in call_runtest_hook File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/runner.py", line 167 in call_and_report File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/runner.py", line 87 in runtestprotocol File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/runner.py", line 72 in pytest_runtest_protocol File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/callers.py", line 187 in _multicall File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 86 in <lambda> File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 92 in _hookexec File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/hooks.py", line 286 in __call__ File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/main.py", line 256 in pytest_runtestloop File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/callers.py", line 187 in _multicall File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 86 in <lambda> File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 92 in _hookexec File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/hooks.py", line 286 in __call__ File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/main.py", line 235 in _main File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/main.py", line 191 in wrap_session File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/main.py", line 228 in pytest_cmdline_main File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/callers.py", line 187 in _multicall File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 86 in <lambda> File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/manager.py", line 92 in _hookexec File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pluggy/hooks.py", line 286 in __call__ File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/lib/python3.7/site-packages/_pytest/config/__init__.py", line 77 in main File "/Users/yaomeng/.local/share/virtualenvs/pytest-chinese-doc-EK3zIUmM/bin/pytest", line 10 in <module> . [100%] 1 passed in 7.02s
在執行剛超過5秒的時候會打印出回溯信息。但不會中斷測試的執行;
去使能faulthandler
的狀況:
$ pipenv run pytest -q -p no:faulthandler src/chapter-2/test_faulthandler.py . [100%] 1 passed in 7.02s
超時並不會觸發回溯信息的打印;
注意:
這個功能是從pytest-faulthandler插件合併而來的,可是有兩點不一樣:
- 去使能時,使用
-p no:faulthandler
代替原來的--no-faulthandler
;- 使用
faulthandler_timeout
配置項代替--faulthandler-timeout
命令行選項來配置超時時間。固然,你也可使用-o faulthandler_timeout=X
在命令行配置;
JUnitXML
格式的測試報告使用以下命令,能夠在指定的path
中建立一個能被Jenkins或者其餘CI工具讀取的XML
格式的測試報告:
pytest --junitxml=path
你能夠在項目的pytest.ini
文件中,經過設置junit_suite_name
的值,自定義XML
文件中testsuite
根節點的name
信息:
junit_suite_name
是4.0版本新增的配置項;
# src/chapter-2/pytest.ini [pytest] junit_suite_name = pytest_chinese_doc
咱們來執行一個測試用例test_nodeid.py::test_one
看看效果:
pipenv run pytest -q --junitxml=src/chapter-2/report/test_one.xml src/chapter-2/test_nodeid.py::test_one
生成的XML
測試報告:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <testsuites> <testsuite errors="0" failures="0" hostname="NJ-LUYAO-T460" name="pytest_chinese_doc" skipped="0" tests="1" time="0.030" timestamp="2019-09-27T14:33:32.459788"> <testcase classname="test_nodeid" file="test_nodeid.py" line="24" name="test_one" time="0.002"> <system-out>test_one </system-out> </testcase> </testsuite> </testsuites>
咱們能夠看到,<testsuite>
節點的name
屬性的值,變爲咱們所指望的pytest_chinese_doc
,而不是默認的pytest
;
JUnit XML規定time
屬性應該代表測試用例執行的所有耗時,包含setup
和teardown
中的操做,這也是pytest的默認行爲;
若是你只想記錄測試用例執行的時間,只須要作以下配置:
# src/chapter-2/pytest.ini junit_duration_report = call
咱們有兩種方式實現這個功能:
使用record_property fixture
:
爲test_record_property
用例添加一個額外的test_id
:
# src/chapter-2/test_xml_report.py def test_record_property(record_property): record_property("test_id", 10010) assert 1
在報告中的表現爲<property name="test_id" value="10010" />
:
<!-- src/chapter-2/report/test_record_property.xml --> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <testsuites> <testsuite errors="0" failures="0" hostname="NJ-LUYAO-T460" name="pytest_chinese_doc" skipped="0" tests="1" time="0.024" timestamp="2019-09-27T15:02:41.277369"> <testcase classname="test_xml_report" file="test_xml_report.py" line="22" name="test_record_property" time="0.002"> <properties> <property name="test_id" value="10010" /> </properties> </testcase> </testsuite> </testsuites>
解析一個自定義的標記@pytest.mark.test_id()
:
首先,修改pytest_collection_modifyitems
鉤子方法,添加對test_id
標記的支持:
# src/chapter-2/conftest.py def pytest_collection_modifyitems(session, config, items): for item in items: for marker in item.iter_markers(name="test_id"): test_id = marker.args[0] item.user_properties.append(("test_id", test_id))
而後,修改測試用例:
# src/chapter-2/test_xml_report.py import pytest @pytest.mark.test_id(10010) def test_record_property1(): assert 1
在報告中的也表現爲<property name="test_id" value="10010" />
:
<!-- src/chapter-2/report/test_record_property1.xml --> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <testsuites> <testsuite errors="0" failures="0" hostname="NJ-LUYAO-T460" name="pytest_chinese_doc" skipped="0" tests="1" time="0.029" timestamp="2019-09-27T15:16:05.309308"> <testcase classname="test_xml_report" file="test_xml_report.py" line="29" name="test_record_property1" time="0.001"> <properties> <property name="test_id" value="10010" /> </properties> </testcase> </testsuite> </testsuites>
注意:
這是咱們會接收到一個告警:
PytestUnknownMarkWarning: Unknown pytest.mark.test_id - is this a typo? You can register custom marks to avoid this warning - for details, see https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/mark.html
這是由於咱們沒有在
pytest
中註冊test_id
標記,但不影響正常的執行;若是你想去除這個告警,只須要在
pytest.ini
的配置文件中註冊這個標記:[pytest] markers = test_id: 爲測試用例添加ID
注意:
變更後的報告可能不符合最新的
JUnitXML
的模式檢查規則,致使在某些CI工具上可能會發生未知的錯誤;
能夠經過record_xml_attribute fixture
爲測試用例附加額外的屬性,而不像record_property
爲其添加子節點;
爲測試用例添加一個test_id
屬性,並修改原先的classname
屬性:
# src/chapter-2/test_xml_report.py def test_record_property2(record_xml_attribute): record_xml_attribute('test_id', 10010) record_xml_attribute('classname', 'custom_classname') assert 1
在報告中的表現爲<testcase classname="custom_classname" test_id="10010" ...
:
<!-- src/chapter-2/report/test_record_property2.xml --> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <testsuites> <testsuite errors="0" failures="0" hostname="NJ-LUYAO-T460" name="pytest_chinese_doc" skipped="0" tests="1" time="0.028" timestamp="2019-09-27T15:35:47.093494"> <testcase classname="custom_classname" file="test_xml_report.py" line="34" name="test_record_property2" test_id="10010" time="0.001"></testcase> </testsuite> </testsuites>
注意:
record_xml_attribute
目前是一個實驗性的功能,將來可能被更強大的API所替代,但功能自己會被保留。變更後的報告可能不符合最新的
JUnitXML
的模式檢查規則,致使在某些CI工具上可能會發生未知的錯誤;
4.5版本新增功能
能夠經過自定義一個session
做用域級別的fixture
,爲測試集添加子節點信息,而且會做用於全部的測試用例;
這個自定義的fixture
須要調用另一個record_testsuite_property fixture
:
record_testsuite_property
接收兩個參數name
和value
以構成<property>
標籤,其中,name
必須爲字符串,value
會轉換爲字符串並進行XML轉義;
# src/chapter-2/test_xml_report.py @pytest.fixture(scope="session") def log_global_env_facts(record_testsuite_property): record_testsuite_property("EXECUTOR", "luizyao") record_testsuite_property("LOCATION", "NJ") def test_record_property3(log_global_env_facts): assert 1
生成的測試報告表現爲:在testsuite
節點中,多了一個properties
子節點,包含全部新增的屬性節點,並且,它和全部的testcase
節點是平級的;
<!-- src/chapter-2/report/test_record_property3.xml --> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <testsuites> <testsuite errors="0" failures="0" hostname="NJ-LUYAO-T460" name="pytest_chinese_doc" skipped="0" tests="1" time="0.027" timestamp="2019-09-27T15:52:34.562238"> <properties> <property name="EXECUTOR" value="luizyao" /> <property name="LOCATION" value="NJ" /> </properties> <testcase classname="test_xml_report" file="test_xml_report.py" line="46" name="test_record_property3" time="0.002"> </testcase> </testsuite> </testsuites>
注意:
這樣生成的XML文件是符合最新的
xunit
標準的,這點和record_property
、record_xml_attribute
正好相反;
不推薦使用,計劃在
pytest 6.0
中刪除這個功能
使用以下命令,能夠在指定的path
中建立一個純文本的測試報告:
pytest --resultlog=path
URL
連接 -- pastebin
服務目前,只實現了在http://bpaste.net上的展現功能;
爲每個失敗的測試用例建立一個URL
pytest --pastebin=failed
也能夠經過添加-x
選項,只爲第一個失敗的測試用例建立一個URL;
爲全部的測試用例建立一個URL
pytest --pastebin=all
你能夠在命令行中使用-p
選項,來儘早的加載某一個插件:
pytest -p mypluginmodule
-p
選項接收一個name
參數,這個參數能夠爲:
myproject.plugins
,其必須是能夠import
的。setuptools
中賦予的名字,例如:儘早的加載pytest-cov插件:bash pytest -p pytest_cov
你能夠在命令行中使用-p
結合no:
,來去使能一個插件的加載,例如:
pytest -p no:doctest
python
代碼中調用pytest
能夠直接在代碼中調用pytest
:
pytest.main()
這和你在命令行中執行pytest .
幾乎是同樣的,但其也有如下特色:
不會觸發SystemExit
,而是返回exitcode:
# src/chapter-2/invoke_via_main.py import time def test_one(): time.sleep(10) if __name__ == '__main__': import pytest ret = pytest.main(['-q', __file__]) print("pytest.main() 返回 pytest.ExitCode.INTERRUPTED:", ret == pytest.ExitCode.INTERRUPTED)
用例中有等待10秒的操做,在這期間,打斷執行(Ctr+C
),pytest.main()
返回的是INTERRUPTED
狀態碼;
λ pipenv run python src/chapter-2/invoke_via_main.py !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! KeyboardInterrupt !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! D:\Personal Files\Projects\pytest-chinese-doc\src\chapter-2\invoke_via_main.py:26: KeyboardInterrupt (to show a full traceback on KeyboardInterrupt use --full-trace) no tests ran in 1.04s pytest.main() 返回 pytest.ExitCode.INTERRUPTED: True Aborted!
傳遞選項和參數:
pytest.main(["-x", "mytestdir"])
指定一個插件:
import pytest class MyPlugin: def pytest_sessionfinish(self): print("*** test run reporting finishing") pytest.main(["-qq"], plugins=[MyPlugin()])
注意:
調用
pytest.main()
會引入你的測試文件以及其引用的全部模塊。因爲python引入機制的緩存特性,當這些文件發生變化時,後續再調用pytest.main()
(在同一個程序執行過程當中)時,並不會響應這些文件的變化。基於這個緣由,咱們不推薦在同一個程序中屢次調用
pytest.main()
(例如:爲了從新執行測試;若是你確實有這個需求,或許能夠考慮pytest-repeat插件);