mysql/mariadb<oltp> as olap:
缺乏hash join和parallel
複雜的SQL查詢,只會有一個CPU正在滿負荷地運轉
方案選型了之後,只能作更多的優化
儘可能使用主鍵查詢
選擇索引的字段,必定要符合差別率高的字段
在group by後面使用order by null,禁用默認的group by排序
手動拆分SQL,再合併結果集
my.cnf配置優化,增長臨時表空間和key_buffer_sizemysql
mariadb columnstore (InfiniDB olap store engine)
大數據離線分析
大規模分佈式並行(MPP架構)
高性能
壓縮
列式
(對比非開源mysql數據倉庫系統Infobright)linux
columnstore:三層架構
用戶模塊 User Module:Execution Manager/DMLProc/DDLProc
性能模塊 Performance Module:n*Performance Module
數據存儲層 Data Storage: 本地磁盤(local disks)/共享存儲(SAN)/分佈式存儲(EBS/HDFS/GlusterFS)ios
columnstore docker install(基於centos的docker):
git clone https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-columnstore-docker.git
cd mariadb-columnstore-docker
docker build -t david:mcs .
docker run -d -p 4306:3306 -v /home/david/dev/dbt3:/mnt/dbt3 --name mcs david:mcsgit
execute mcsadmin or mcsimport:docker exec -it mcs bash
mcsadmin getsystemstatus
...github
docker stop mcs
docker start mcs
docker rm -v mcs
docker rmi david:mcs算法
columnstore vagrant install(基於centos的vm):
#安裝virtualbox
note:disable SecureBoot when boot linux
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-`uname -r`
sudo apt-get install virtualbox
sudo apt-get install dkms
sudo dpkg-reconfigure virtualbox-dkms
sudo dpkg-reconfigure virtualbox
(sudo modprobe vboxdrv)
(sudo /etc/init.d/vboxdrv setup)
(sudo cp vboxdrv.ko /lib/modules/)
(make sure SecureBoot is disabled:sudo mokutil --sb-state)sql
vagrant plugin install vagrant-libvirt
vagrant plugin install vagrant-vbguestdocker
#下載vagrant配置
git clone https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-columnstore-vagrant.git
cd mariadb-columnstore-vagrant
vagrant status
download mariadb-cs-centos-7 and unzip to columnstore數據庫
#啓動虛擬機
(box urls:http://www.vagrantbox.es/)
vagrant box listbootstrap
vagrant box add centos/7 https://github.com/holms/vagrant-centos7-box/releases/download/7.1.1503.001/CentOS-7.1.1503-x86_64-netboot.box --provider=virtualbox
vagrant up --provider=virtualbox
(vagrant halt)
(vagrant suspend)
(vagrant resume)
(vagrant reload)
(vagrant ssh)
(vagrant destroy)
#鏈接mcs
vagrant ssh
sudo su -
mcsadmin
columnstore:os準備和dw安裝(ubuntu14不支持,未驗證)
vi /etc/hosts
公私鑰認證,打通SSH無密碼
關閉IPTABLES防火牆/關閉SELINUX:vi /etc/selinux/config
關閉文件系統訪問時間和更改磁盤IO算法:vi /etc/fstab; echo "deadline" > /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler
優化Linux系統內核: vi /etc/sysctl.conf
調整文件描述符ulimit爲65535:vi /etc/security/limits.conf;
關閉NUMA:vi /etc/grub.conf
安裝jemalloc內存管理器(相似malloc,tcmalloc):jemalloc*
重啓服務器:reboot
安裝boost軟件包:
wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.55.0/boost_1_55_0.tar.gz
tar zxvf boost_1_55_0.tar.gz
cd boost_1_55_0
./bootstrap.sh --with-libraries=atomic,date_time,exception,filesystem,iostreams,locale,program_options,regex,signals,system,test,thread,timer,log --prefix=/usr
./b2 install
安裝Perl依賴包:
expect perl perl-DBI openssl zlib perl-DBD-MySQL
安裝mariadb:
cd /root/
wget https://downloads.mariadb.com/enterprise/dapw-ktc5/mariadb-columnstore/1.0.6/centos/x86_64/6/mariadb-columnstore-1.0.6-1-centos6.x86_64.bin.tar.gz
tar zxvf mariadb-columnstore-1.0.6-1-centos6.x86_64.bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/postConfigure
Report Tool:
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/columnstoreSupport -a
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/columnstoreSupport -a -p 'password'
Troubleshooting工具:
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/editem
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/clearshm
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/configxml.sh
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/dbrmctl
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/viewtablelock
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/cleartablelock
管理mariadb:
mcsadmin getSystemStatus
(cat /root/.bashrc
alias mcsmysql='/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/mysql/bin/mysql --defaults-file=/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/mysql/my.cnf -u root'
alias ma=/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/mcsadmin
alias mcsadmin=/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/mcsadmin
alias home='cd /usr/local/mariadb/columnstore'
alias log='cd /var/log/mariadb/columnstore/'
alias core='cd /var/log/mariadb/columnstore/corefiles'
alias tmsg='tail -f /var/log/messages'
alias tdebug='tail -f /var/log/mariadb/columnstore/debug.log'
alias tinfo='tail -f /var/log/mariadb/columnstore/info.log'
alias dbrm='cd /usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/data1/systemFiles/dbrm'
alias module='cat /usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/local/module'
or
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/columnstoreAlias
)
mcsadmin assignPmDBRootConfig 3 pm
mcsadmin addModule pm2 host1 mypwd
mcsadmin alterSystem-enableModule pm2
mcsadmin adddbroot 1
mcsadmin assigndbrootpmconfig 2 pm2
mcsadmin startSystem
mcsadmin addModule um2 host1
mcsadmin alterSystem-enableModule um2
mcsadmin removeModule pm2
mcsadmin removeModule um2
mcsadmin stopSystem
mcsadmin startSystem
mcsadmin restartSystem
mcsadmin shutdownSystem
mcsadmin alterSystem-disablemodule pm2,pm3
mcsadmin alterSystem-enablemodule pm2,pm3
switchParentOAMModule pm3
mcsadmin getActiveSQLStatements
mcsadmin getModuleConfig
mcsadmin getSoftwareInfo
mcsadmin getStorageConfig
mcsadmin getSystemInfo
mcsadmin getSystemNetworkConfig
mcsadmin getSystemResourceUsage
mcsadmin getProcessStatus
setSystemConfig ExternalMajorThreshold 80
操做數據庫:
mcsmysql -p'password' db_name
數據導入mariadb:
從其餘mysql導出:
select * from sbtest into outfile '/tmp/sbtest.txt' FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';
#FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' --字段的結束符
#OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' --字符串的分割符
#LINES TERMINATED BY '\n' --行的結束符
導入mcs:
load data infile '/tmp/sbtest.txt' into table sbtest FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' OPTIONALLY ENCLOSED BY '"' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n';
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/bin/cpimport test sbtest /root/tmp/sbtest.txt -E '"' -s ','
#test是數據庫
#sbtest是表
#-E是字符串的分割符
#-s是字段的結束符
mariadb數據分析:
mcsmysql test
mariadb參數調優:
/usr/local/mariadb/columnstore/etc/Columnstore.xml
(columnstore不支持主鍵、索引、timestamp、collate用法、char\varchar類型的sum/average用法)
mariadb基準測試:
InfiniDB比InnoDB建錶速度慢,語法定製。
InfiniDB比InnoDB增長列快100倍
InfiniDB比InnoDB百列字段千萬級數據插入快4倍
InfiniDB比InnoDB百列字段千萬級空間少20%
InfiniDB比InnoDB百列字段千萬級查詢快100倍
InfiniDB比InnoDB億級插入快3倍
InfiniDB比InnoDB億級數據空間少50%
InfiniDB比InnoDB億級數據查詢快150倍
基於成熟MySQL協議,Tableau能夠使用
mariadb日誌:
/var/log/mariadb/columnstore/*.log
mariadb擴從節點:
未知
其餘暫時未知