RHEL 7.6 安裝 Oracle 18c RAC

時間 2019-11-10

標籤 rhel 7.6 安裝 oracle 18c rac 欄目 Red Hat 简体版

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RHEL 7.6 安裝 Oracle 18c RAC

第一部分安裝規劃python

虛擬環境linux	VirtualBox 6.0ios
OS 版本c++	Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.6 (Maipo)shell
數據庫版本數據庫	18.3.0.0.0bash
安裝介質網絡	LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zipsession LINUX.X64_180000_grid_home.ziporacle
軟件安裝目錄	grid: /u01/app/18.0.0/grid
軟件安裝目錄	oracle: /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/db_1
用戶和組	grid: oinstall,asmadmin,asmdba,racdba,asmoper
用戶和組	oracle: oinstall, dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba,oper
網絡規劃	192.168.56.11 rac1 #一節點public ip 192.168.56.12 rac2 #二節點public ip 192.168.56.13 rac1-vip #一節點virtual ip 192.168.56.14 rac2-vip #二節點virtual ip 172.16.56.11 rac1-priv #一節點private ip 172.16.56.12 rac2-priv #二節點private ip 192.168.56.15 rac-scan # scan ip
ASM磁盤組	OCRVT: 2G * 3 MGMT: 40G * 1 DATA: 8G * 1 ARCH: 5G * 1

安裝操做系統，添加ASM共享磁盤省略

第二分部操做系統環境配置

2.1 更改IO調度爲deadline，關閉numa和透明大頁

（1）.vi /etc/default/grub(編輯 /etc/default/grub 文件，在GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX 條目後面添加"elevator=deadline","transparent_hugepage=never" 和」numa=off」，

執行grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg 最後重啓操做系統)

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=rootvg/root rd.lvm.lv=rootvg/swap rhgb quiet elevator=deadline transparent_hugepage=never numa=off net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0"

grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

（2）. 重啓操做系統使配置生效.

2.2 使用CTSS時鐘同步

/sbin/service ntpd stop

chkconfig ntpd off

mv /etc/ntp.conf /etc/ntp.conf.org

systemctl stop chronyd

systemctl disable chronyd

2.3 配置/etc/hosts解析表

vi /etc/hosts添加

#config for 18c RAC

192.168.56.11 rac1

192.168.56.12 rac2

192.168.56.13 rac1-vip

192.168.56.14 rac2-vip

172.16.56.11 rac1-priv

172.16.56.12 rac2-priv

192.168.56.15 rac-scan

2.4 關閉防火牆

systemctl disable firewalld.service

systemctl stop firewalld.service

2.5 關閉selinux

vi /etc/selinux/config

SELINUX=disabled

2.6 關閉NetworkManager

systemctl disable NetworkManager

systemctl stop NetworkManager

2.7 中止avahi-daemon

systemctl stop avahi-daemon.socket avahi-daemon.service

systemctl disable avahi-daemon.socket avahi-daemon.service

2.8 配置NOZEROCONF

vi /etc/sysconfig/network 添加

NOZEROCONF=yes

2.9 內核參數修改

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

#kernel configuration for oracle 18c

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 268435456

kernel.shmmax = 549755813760

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

是配置生效

sysctl -p

2.10 添加用戶和組

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54323 oper

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54324 backupdba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54325 dgdba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54326 kmdba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54327 asmdba

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54328 asmoper

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54330 racdba

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba,oper oracle

/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54322 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,racdba,asmoper grid

echo oracle | passwd --stdin oracle

echo oracle | passwd --stdin grid

2.11 建立軟件安裝目錄

mkdir -p /u01/app/18.0.0/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/18.0.0/db_1

chown -R grid:oinstall /u01

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/

2.12 用戶環境變量配置

#爲grid用戶添加環境變量

vi /home/grid/.bash_profile EOF

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 (節點2改成+ASM2)

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/18.0.0/grid

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

EOF

source /home/grid/.bash_profile

#爲oracle用戶添加環境變量

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_SID=racdb1(節點2改成racdb2)

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/18.0.0/db_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK

EOF

source /home/oracle/.bash_profile

2.13 配置用戶資源限制

vi /etc/security/limits.conf 添加

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536

oracle soft stack 10240

oracle hard memlock 3145728

oracle soft memlock 3145728

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

grid soft stack 10240

grid hard memlock 3145728

grid soft memlock 3145728

vi /etc/pam.d/login 添加

#this is for oracle user

session required pam_limits.so

2.14 配置全局profile

vi /etc/profile 添加

#this is for oracle user

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then

if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

ulimit -p 16384

ulimit -n 65536

else

ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

umask 022

2.15 安裝rpm依賴包

yum -y install bc \

binutils \

compat-libcap1 \

compat-libstdc++-33.i686 \

compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 \

glibc.i686 \

glibc.x86_64 \

glibc-devel.i686 \

glibc-devel.x86_64 \

ksh \

libaio.i686 \

libaio.x86_64 \

libaio-devel.i686 \

libaio-devel.x86_64 \

libX11.i686 \

libX11.x86_64 \

libXau.i686 \

libXau.x86_64 \

libXi.i686 \

libXi.x86_64 \

libXtst.i686 \

libXtst.x86_64 \

libXrender-devel.i686 \

libXrender-devel.x86_64 \

libXrender.i686 \

libXrender.x86_64 \

libgcc.i686 \

libgcc.x86_64 \

libstdc++.i686 \

libstdc++.x86_64 \

libstdc++-devel.i686 \

libstdc++-devel.x86_64 \

libxcb.i686 \

libxcb.x86_64 \

make \

nfs-utils.x86_64 \

net-tools \

python \

python-configshell \

python-rtslib \

python-six \

smartmontools \

sysstat \

targetcli \

unixODBC \

unixODBC-devel \

unzip

CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall; export CVUQDISK_GRP

rpm -iv /u01/app/18.0.0/grid/cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm (需先解壓grid安裝包到/u01/app/18.0.0/grid)

2.16 共享存儲配置

(1).多路徑方式安裝配置

yum -y install device-mapper*

--生成默認配置文件

mpathconf --enable

vi /etc/multipath.conf 修改

find_multipaths no

multipaths {

multipath {

wwid 14f504e46494c455257374a5968312d784f45542d54754171

alias OCR1

}

multipath {

wwid 14f504e46494c455257374a5968312d784f45542d54754172

alias OCR2

}

multipath {

wwid 14f504e46494c455257374a5968312d784f45542d54754173

alias OCR3

}

multipath {

wwid 14f504e46494c455257374a5968312d784f45542d54754174

alias MGMT

}

multipath {

wwid 14f504e46494c4552325354736c632d783567742d47557662

alias DATA

}

multipath {

wwid 14f504e46494c45526a62644c70392d65744b562d38524967

alias ARCH

}

multipath -F

systemctl restart multipathd.service

multipath -v3

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-14f504e46494c455257374a5968312d784f45542d54754171",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-14f504e46494c455257374a5968312d784f45542d54754172",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-14f504e46494c455257374a5968312d784f45542d54754173",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-14f504e46494c455257374a5968312d784f45542d54754174",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-14f504e46494c4552325354736c632d783567742d47557662",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="dm-*",ENV{DM_UUID}=="mpath-14f504e46494c45526a62644c70392d65744b562d38524967",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

udevadm trigger

udevadm control -R

systemctl restart systemd-udevd.service

(2).不使用多路徑的方式，僅需配置以下文件（本次安裝是測試環境，磁盤沒有多條路徑，無需使用多路徑方式）

vi /etc/udev/rules.d/99-oracle-asmdevices.rules

KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB5643659c-65a9d79a",SYMLINK+="asm-diskb",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VB603d9ec9-7c3a2db0",SYMLINK+="asm-diskc",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBc74f578a-aa1a566c",SYMLINK+="asm-diskd",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBcje8jg2a-ff4e14d3",SYMLINK+="asm-diske",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBcaeggcdb-3gv5hnc6",SYMLINK+="asm-diskf",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

KERNEL=="sd?",SUBSYSTEM=="block",PROGRAM=="/usr/lib/udev/scsi_id --whitelisted --replace-whitespace --device=/dev/$name",RESULT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBccbd112b-egdgrkr5",SYMLINK+="asm-diskg",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="0660"

#使udev策略配置生效

udevadm trigger

udevadm control -R

systemctl restart systemd-udevd.service

[root@rac1 ~]# ll /dev/asm*

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Mar 25 14:53 /dev/asm-diskb -> sdb

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Mar 25 14:53 /dev/asm-diskc -> sdc

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Mar 25 15:06 /dev/asm-diskd -> sdd

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Mar 25 15:06 /dev/asm-diske -> sde

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Mar 25 15:06 /dev/asm-diskf -> sdf

[root@rac1 ~]# ll /dev/sd*

brw-rw---- 1 grid asmadmin 8, 16 Mar 25 15:07 /dev/sdb