docker之手動構建新的鏡像

查看本地現有鏡像:nginx

[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               latest              c59f17fe53b0        4 days ago          108MB
ubuntu              latest              747cb2d60bbe        3 weeks ago         122MB
centos              latest              196e0ce0c9fb        6 weeks ago         197MB

如今利用基礎鏡像centos,在此基礎上手動構建一個web服務,這裏採用nginxc++

啓動一個container並進入到容器內:web

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name=web centos /bin/bash
[root@bab3b6991467 /]#

而後在容器內進行安裝nginx服務:docker

[root@bab3b6991467 /]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@bab3b6991467 src]# yum install wget vim

這裏採用編譯安裝nginx,因此下載nginx源碼包,並安裝好編譯環境:ubuntu

[root@bab3b6991467 src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

編譯環境:vim

[root@bab3b6991467 src]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ glibc make autoconf openssl openssl-devel

安裝nginx的一些依賴包:後端

[root@bab3b6991467 src]# yum install libxslt-devel -y gd gd-devel GeoIP GeoIP-devel pcre pcre-devel

而後開支執行安裝:centos

[root@bab3b6991467 src]# ll
total 960
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 981687 Oct 17 13:20 nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@bab3b6991467 src]# tar xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz 
[root@bab3b6991467 src]# cd nginx-1.12.2
[root@bab3b6991467 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio  --with-http_ssl_module  --with-http_realip_module    --with-http_addition_module    --with-http_xslt_module   --with-http_image_filter_module    --with-http_geoip_module  --with-http_sub_module  --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module    --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module  --with-http_gzip_static_module  --with-http_auth_request_module  --with-http_random_index_module   --with-http_secure_link_module   --with-http_degradation_module   --with-http_stub_status_module

建立須要用到的用戶:bash

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

繼續編譯:dom

make && make install
chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/local/nginx/

這裏須要介紹nginx命令的一個參數:

[root@bab3b6991467 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -h 
  -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file

-g:爲nginx的配置文件設置指令

如今退出container,回到host本機

[root@bab3b6991467 ~]# exit
exit

查看此時容器的狀態:

[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
bab3b6991467        centos              "/bin/bash"         37 minutes ago      Exited (0) 21 seconds ago                       web

利用docker diff查看該容器進行了哪些修改,因爲輸出太多,這裏不給予顯示了

利用docker commit將web容器進行加層成一個新鏡像:

[root@docker ~]# docker commit --help
    Usage:  docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
    Create a new image from a container's changes

    -m, --message string   Commit message
    -a, --author string    Author (e.g., "John Hannibal Smith <hannibal@a-team.com>")
    

如今開始commit:

[root@docker ~]# docker commit -m "compile nginx on centos" web wadeson/centos_nginx:v1
sha256:210a202d37b8d2c31155c29adf0c7c0b49cfab7ff38234109919de7f4e76d1de

查看本地鏡像:

[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY             TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
wadeson/centos_nginx   v1                  210a202d37b8        33 seconds ago      464MB
nginx                  latest              c59f17fe53b0        4 days ago          108MB
ubuntu                 latest              747cb2d60bbe        3 weeks ago         122MB
centos                 latest              196e0ce0c9fb        6 weeks ago         197MB

能夠看見剛剛docker commit的新鏡像了,如今由此鏡像進行啓動一個container提供nginx服務:

[root@docker ~]# docker run -d -p80:80 wadeson/centos_nginx:v1 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g "daemon off;"
c12669357e2b09a05a396ac480a04dd1956303b784f894b615d4edb889a737ab

而後查看container:

[root@docker ~]# docker ps -l
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                     COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                NAMES
c12669357e2b        wadeson/centos_nginx:v1   "/usr/local/nginx/..."   41 seconds ago      Up 40 seconds       0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp   thirsty_murdock

能夠看見nginx服務已經開啓了,因而進行訪問:

 

 因而整個手動構建就成功了

 

針對上面的一些命令作下解釋:

  docker run -d -p80:80 wadeson/centos_nginx:v1 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g "daemon off;"

後面運行的命令都是旨在container的命令,因爲沒有進行環境變量設置,因此全路徑,而nginx -g這個參數是指能夠在外面添加指令到nginx的配置文件中,daemon off是指nginx服務不運行在後端而是在前臺運行(container中的服務必須運行在前臺)

利用docker top能夠查看container的運行進程:

[root@docker ~]# docker top c12669357e2b
UID                 PID                 PPID                C                   STIME               TTY                 TIME                CMD
root                35468               35451               0                   02:55               ?                   00:00:00            nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g daemon off;
1000                35489               35468               0                   02:55               ?                   00:00:00            nginx: worker process

利用docker exec進入到容器內:

[root@docker ~]# docker exec -it c12669357e2b /bin/bash
[root@c12669357e2b /]# ps -ef
UID         PID   PPID  C STIME TTY          TIME CMD
root          1      0  0 06:55 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g daemon off;
nginx         5      1  0 06:55 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
root          6      0  1 07:01 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/bash
root         20      6  0 07:01 pts/0    00:00:00 ps -ef

而使用ctrl+p+q能夠將該容器置於後臺,而不是立刻exited

相關文章
相關標籤/搜索