查看本地現有鏡像:nginx
[root@docker ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest c59f17fe53b0 4 days ago 108MB ubuntu latest 747cb2d60bbe 3 weeks ago 122MB centos latest 196e0ce0c9fb 6 weeks ago 197MB
如今利用基礎鏡像centos,在此基礎上手動構建一個web服務,這裏採用nginxc++
啓動一個container並進入到容器內:web
[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name=web centos /bin/bash
[root@bab3b6991467 /]#
而後在容器內進行安裝nginx服務:docker
[root@bab3b6991467 /]# cd /usr/local/src/ [root@bab3b6991467 src]# yum install wget vim
這裏採用編譯安裝nginx,因此下載nginx源碼包,並安裝好編譯環境:ubuntu
[root@bab3b6991467 src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
編譯環境:vim
[root@bab3b6991467 src]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ glibc make autoconf openssl openssl-devel
安裝nginx的一些依賴包:後端
[root@bab3b6991467 src]# yum install libxslt-devel -y gd gd-devel GeoIP GeoIP-devel pcre pcre-devel
而後開支執行安裝:centos
[root@bab3b6991467 src]# ll total 960 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 981687 Oct 17 13:20 nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz [root@bab3b6991467 src]# tar xf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz [root@bab3b6991467 src]# cd nginx-1.12.2 [root@bab3b6991467 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-file-aio --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_geoip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_degradation_module --with-http_stub_status_module
建立須要用到的用戶:bash
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
繼續編譯:dom
make && make install
這裏須要介紹nginx命令的一個參數:
[root@bab3b6991467 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -h -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file
-g:爲nginx的配置文件設置指令
如今退出container,回到host本機
[root@bab3b6991467 ~]# exit
exit
查看此時容器的狀態:
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES bab3b6991467 centos "/bin/bash" 37 minutes ago Exited (0) 21 seconds ago web
利用docker diff查看該容器進行了哪些修改,因爲輸出太多,這裏不給予顯示了
利用docker commit將web容器進行加層成一個新鏡像:
[root@docker ~]# docker commit --help Usage: docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]] Create a new image from a container's changes -m, --message string Commit message -a, --author string Author (e.g., "John Hannibal Smith <hannibal@a-team.com>")
如今開始commit:
[root@docker ~]# docker commit -m "compile nginx on centos" web wadeson/centos_nginx:v1 sha256:210a202d37b8d2c31155c29adf0c7c0b49cfab7ff38234109919de7f4e76d1de
查看本地鏡像:
[root@docker ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE wadeson/centos_nginx v1 210a202d37b8 33 seconds ago 464MB nginx latest c59f17fe53b0 4 days ago 108MB ubuntu latest 747cb2d60bbe 3 weeks ago 122MB centos latest 196e0ce0c9fb 6 weeks ago 197MB
能夠看見剛剛docker commit的新鏡像了,如今由此鏡像進行啓動一個container提供nginx服務:
[root@docker ~]# docker run -d -p80:80 wadeson/centos_nginx:v1 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g "daemon off;" c12669357e2b09a05a396ac480a04dd1956303b784f894b615d4edb889a737ab
而後查看container:
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -l CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES c12669357e2b wadeson/centos_nginx:v1 "/usr/local/nginx/..." 41 seconds ago Up 40 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp thirsty_murdock
能夠看見nginx服務已經開啓了,因而進行訪問:
因而整個手動構建就成功了
針對上面的一些命令作下解釋:
docker run -d -p80:80 wadeson/centos_nginx:v1 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g "daemon off;"
後面運行的命令都是旨在container的命令,因爲沒有進行環境變量設置,因此全路徑,而nginx -g這個參數是指能夠在外面添加指令到nginx的配置文件中,daemon off是指nginx服務不運行在後端而是在前臺運行(container中的服務必須運行在前臺)
利用docker top能夠查看container的運行進程:
[root@docker ~]# docker top c12669357e2b UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 35468 35451 0 02:55 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g daemon off; 1000 35489 35468 0 02:55 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process
利用docker exec進入到容器內:
[root@docker ~]# docker exec -it c12669357e2b /bin/bash [root@c12669357e2b /]# ps -ef UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 1 0 0 06:55 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -g daemon off; nginx 5 1 0 06:55 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 6 0 1 07:01 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/bash root 20 6 0 07:01 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef
而使用ctrl+p+q能夠將該容器置於後臺,而不是立刻exited