源地址:
數組
http://hi.baidu.com/csudeng/item/12437d10424e6f24f6625cc9ide
MATLAB中plot命令繪圖微調的幾個註記字體
一、MATLAB如何從硬盤讀取文件。對象
二、如何微調subplot子圖的位置。ci
三、plot命令繪曲線時,曲線上的標誌如何調整大小。get
四、座標軸的調整。it
六、座標標題中如何標上標。io
七、如何調整圖示(legend)的位置。ast
%----------------------------------class
% 這裏要畫一個2*2共4幅子圖。先將第1個子圖的位置調整。
h = subplot( 2, 2, 1); % 先讓MATLAB默 認繪製第1幅子圖,h是子圖1的句柄
po = get( h, 'Position' ); % get命令從句柄h中獲取'Position'的內容,返回一個含4個元素的一維數組放到po中。這4個元 素分別是子圖1的left, bottom, width, height。
subplot( 'Position', [po(1)+0.03, po(2)-0.03, po(3), po(4)]); 子圖1的新位置能夠這樣調整
%----------------------------------
hold on;
axis([0 13 -3 2]);
set( gca, 'XTick', [1:12] ); gca表示當前對象句柄,set命令分別對當前對象(即子圖1)設置座標軸XTick和YTick屬性。這 兩個屬性分別表示了座標軸的實際繪值範圍。
set( gca, 'YTick', [-3:1:2] );
title( 'The North Hemisphere' );
plot( 1:12, bc, '-r.', 'MarkerSize', 10 ); 子圖1中第1條曲線用實線繪,帶有圓點,紅色。MarkerSize屬性設 置圓點的大小是10。這樣畫出來的就是實心圓了。
plot( 1:12, nit, '-b.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, sul, '-g.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, poa, '-m.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, soa, '-k.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
%zeroArr = zeros( 14 );
%plot( 0:13, zeroArr, '--k' )
xlabel( 'Month' );
ylabel( 'Radiative Effect (Wm^-^2)' ); 單位裏有上標,^表示後續一個字符爲上標。
下述代碼繪子圖二、三、4,雷同。
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
% NH Radiative Forcing Fut-Mod 子圖2
fid_bc=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_NH\bc.dat','r');
bc = fscanf( fid_bc, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_bc );
fid_nit=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_NH\nit.dat','r');
nit = fscanf( fid_nit, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_nit );
fid_sul=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_NH\sul.dat','r');
sul = fscanf( fid_sul, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_sul );
fid_poa=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_NH\poa.dat','r');
poa = fscanf( fid_poa, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_poa );
fid_soa=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_NH\soa.dat','r');
soa = fscanf( fid_soa, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_soa );
%----------------------------------
h = subplot( 2, 2, 3, 'replace' );
po = get( h, 'Position' );
subplot( 2, 2, 3, 'replace' );
subplot( 'Position', [po(1)+0.03, po(2)+0.03, po(3), po(4)]);
%----------------------------------
box on;
hold on;
axis([0 13 -3 2]);
set( gca, 'XTick', [1:12] );
set( gca, 'YTick', [-3:1:2] );
%title( 'NH Fut-Mod' );
plot( 1:12, bc, '-r.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, nit, '-b.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, sul, '-g.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, poa, '-m.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, soa, '-k.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
%zeroArr = zeros( 14 );
%plot( 0:13, zeroArr, '--k' )
xlabel( 'Month' );
ylabel( 'Radiative Forcing (Wm^-^2)' );
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
% SH Radiative Effect Mod-Noall 子圖3
fid_bc=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\ModNoall_SH\bc.dat','r');
bc = fscanf( fid_bc, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_bc );
fid_nit=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\ModNoall_SH\nit.dat','r');
nit = fscanf( fid_nit, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_nit );
fid_sul=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\ModNoall_SH\sul.dat','r');
sul = fscanf( fid_sul, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_sul );
fid_poa=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\ModNoall_SH\poa.dat','r');
poa = fscanf( fid_poa, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_poa );
fid_soa=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\ModNoall_SH\soa.dat','r');
soa = fscanf( fid_soa, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_soa );
%----------------------------------
h = subplot( 2, 2, 2, 'replace' );
po = get( h, 'Position' );
subplot( 2, 2, 2, 'replace' );
subplot( 'Position', [po(1)-0.03, po(2)-0.03, po(3), po(4)]);
%----------------------------------
box on;
hold on;
axis([0 13 -1.2 0.8]);
set( gca, 'XTick', [1:12] );
set( gca, 'YTick', [-1.2:0.4:0.8] );
title( 'The South Hemisphere' );
plot( 1:12, bc, '-r.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, nit, '-b.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, sul, '-g.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, poa, '-m.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, soa, '-k.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
%zeroArr = zeros( 14 );
%plot( 0:13, zeroArr, '--k' )
xlabel( 'Month' );
%ylabel( 'Radiative Effect (Wm^-^2)' );
%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
% SH Radiative Forcing Fut-Mod 子圖4
fid_bc=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_SH\bc.dat','r');
bc = fscanf( fid_bc, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_bc );
fid_nit=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_SH\nit.dat','r');
nit = fscanf( fid_nit, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_nit );
fid_sul=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_SH\sul.dat','r');
sul = fscanf( fid_sul, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_sul );
fid_poa=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_SH\poa.dat','r');
poa = fscanf( fid_poa, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_poa );
fid_soa=fopen('D:\_CurrentPaper\RadiativeForcing\FutMod_SH\soa.dat','r');
soa = fscanf( fid_soa, '%f', [1,12]);
fclose( fid_soa );
%----------------------------------
h = subplot( 2, 2, 4, 'replace' );
po = get( h, 'Position' );
subplot( 2, 2, 4, 'replace' );
subplot( 'Position', [po(1)-0.03, po(2)+0.03, po(3), po(4)]);
%----------------------------------
box on;
hold on;
axis([0 13 -1.2 0.8]);
set( gca, 'XTick', [1:12] );
set( gca, 'YTick', [-1.2:0.4:0.8] );
%title( 'SH Fut-Mod' );
plot( 1:12, bc, '-r.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, nit, '-b.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, sul, '-g.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, poa, '-m.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
plot( 1:12, soa, '-k.', 'MarkerSize', 10 );
%zeroArr = zeros( 14 );
%plot( 0:13, zeroArr, '--k' )
xlabel( 'Month' );
%ylabel( 'Radiative Forcing (Wm^-^2)' );
我將legend放在了子圖4上。
gca=legend( 'BC', 'Nitrate', 'Sulfate', 'POA', 'SOA', 4 ); 4表示把legend放在子圖的右下角,還有幾個數字的含義是:
0 = Automatic "best" placement (least conflict with data)
1 = Upper right-hand corner (default)
2 = Upper left-hand corner
3 = Lower left-hand corner
4 = Lower right-hand corner
-1 = To the right of the plot
po=get( gca, 'Position' ); 發現這樣放置後legend要擋住圖,所以須要再微調一下。得到legend的'Position'值。
set( gca, 'FontSize', 8, 'Position', [po(1)-0.01, po(2)+0.01, po(3), po(4)] ); 從新設置legend的位置,同時設置legend裏面的字體爲8號。
legend('boxoff'); 不畫legend的外框。
強調的是上述調整legend的值要不斷地試。由於legend相對子圖的位置還要隨畫圖窗口大小變 化而變化。若是你看不懂這句,試試就知道了。
我通常是將MATLAB畫出的圖打印成PDF,再用Acrobat打開截屏,貼到WORD中,這樣圖 像質量彷佛比較好。誰還有更好的將MATLAB圖轉貼到WORD的方法,歡迎賜教。