CentOS 6.2 上編譯安裝 Nginx 1.0.15 + PHP 5.3.12 + My...

時間  2019-11-10
標籤 centos 6.2 編譯 安裝 nginx 1.0.15 php 5.3.12 欄目 CentOS 简体版
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LNMP的好處就不說了，特別是對於這個正在運行的小內存VPS。鑑於師傅的淫威，我只能手工編譯安裝Nginx 1.0.15 + PHP 5.3.12 + MySQL 5.1.62 + eAccelerator 0.9.6.1，不能使用各類一鍵安裝包，以及使用yum命令，由於他說「不手動試一下怎麼能學到東西」。廢話不說，先將步驟和代碼貼出來，打造一個適合新手（如我）的詳細安裝教程javascript

準備

  1. 固然是能夠上網的機器，能夠是虛擬機，VPS，服務器，安裝CentOS，其餘分支沒測試過，最好在虛擬機上先試手一下，由於有snapshot，隨時能夠回滾全部操做。
  2. 必要時先清空iptables， 關閉SELINUX
  3. 源文件下載的目錄是 /usr/local/src

前期工做

更新系統，安裝必要的程序，此步驟須要用到yum命令php

安裝

先下載各個軟件包css

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
wget http://au.php.net/get/php-5.3.12.tar.gz/from/us.php.net/mirror
wget http://mysql.mirror.kangaroot.net/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.62.tar.gz
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.30/pcre-8.30.tar.gz?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fpcre%2Ffiles%2Fpcre%2F8.30%2F&ts=1335184494&use_mirror=aarnet
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/eAccelerator%200.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Feaccelerator%2Ffiles%2Feaccelerator%2FeAccelerator%25200.9.6.1%2F&ts=1335276559&use_mirror=waix

而後安裝各個庫，依次是libiconv，libmcrypt，mhash， mcrypt 和pcrehtml

tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install

cd ../
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf pcre-8.30.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.30
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

安裝MySQL

首先是添加組java

groupadd mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql mysql

而後是解壓，編譯和安裝，注意，我將LNMP須要的應用都放在了/usr/local/webserver 裏面node

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
make && make install

修改目錄權限，配置文件，由於不是什麼大型服務器，因此先複製使用默認的中等配置文件，同時將自帶用於啓動，重啓mysql的文件複製到init.d目錄，用於service命令來restart等操做，最後是建立開機啓動mysql

chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --user=mysql
cp -f /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
sed -i 's/skip-locking/skip-external-locking/g' /etc/my.cnf
sed -i 's:#innodb:innodb:g' /etc/my.cnf
cp /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #添加執行權限
ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/insclude/mysql /usr/include/mysql
chkconfig mysqld on #設置開機啓動

重啓機器後，mysql會自動啓動，接着是設定其root賬號密碼，再先將默認賬號密碼都去掉nginx

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘root'

cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF
use mysql;
delete from user where not (user='root') ;
delete from user where user='root' and password='';
drop database test;
DROP USER ''@'%';
flush privileges;
EOF

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p'root' -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script

rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

安裝PHP

cd /usr/local/src
tar zvxf php-5.3.12.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.12
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/php

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets  --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm #由於php5.3開始自帶fpm，使用自帶的管理腳本
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on #設置開機自啓動
cp /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

而後修改php-fpm.conf，將pid改爲如下，並將user和group改爲wwwweb

pid = run/php-fpm.pid
user = www
group = www

而後安裝eAcceleratorsql

cd ../
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize #記錄下輸出
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

修改php.ini，查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = 「./」，修改成extension_dir = 「/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/「，此路徑爲剛剛的輸出路徑。再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，修改成cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，防止Nginx文件類型錯誤解析漏洞。接着是配置eAccelerator，

mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

在結尾加入如下內容

[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

安裝Nginx

首先是創建好用戶組

groupadd www
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www www #www用戶不能login
mkdir -p /home/wwwroot #此路徑是用於存放各域名的root路徑
chmod +w /home/wwwroot
mkdir -p /home/wwwlogs
chmod 755 /home/wwwlogs
chown -R www:www /home/wwwroot

安裝Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.15/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
make && make install
mkdir /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/vhost/ #用於配置各域名

修改Nginx的配置文件

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

輸入如下內容

user  www www;
worker_processes 1;
error_log  /home/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log  crit;
pid        /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}
http
{
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush     on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length  1k;
gzip_buffers     4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;
#log format
log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
include vhost/*.conf;
}

這是基本的nginx配置，接着是設定每一個域名的配置信息

cd /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/vhost
vi domain.com.conf

輸入如下內容，這樣nginx就能夠支持php了。注意，請根據自身須要設定domain.com

server
{
    listen       80;
    server_name www.domain.com domain.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;
    root  /home/wwwroot/domain.com/www;
    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
        fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi.conf;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
        expires      30d;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
        expires      12h;
    }
    access_log  /home/wwwlogs/domain.com.access.log;
}

而後爲剛剛的域名建立root目錄

mkdir -p /home/wwwroot/domain.com/www/

由於默認是沒有nginx管理腳本的，在此先新建一個，運行$ vi /etc/init.d/nginx，輸入

#! /bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
# Description: Startup script for nginx webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and
# run 'update-rc.d -f nginx defaults', or use the appropriate command on your
# distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add nginx'
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          nginx
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:     $all
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description:       starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="nginx daemon"
NAME=nginx
DAEMON=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/$NAME
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
set -e
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
do_start() {
$DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "nginx already running"
}
do_stop() {
kill -INT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx not running"
}
do_reload() {
kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx can't reload"
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
do_start
echo "."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
do_stop
echo "."
;;
reload|graceful)
echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
do_reload
echo "."
;;
restart)
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
do_stop
do_start
echo "."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2
exit 3
;;
esac
exit 0

爲該文件增長執行權限，並設置爲自啓動

chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig nginx on

環境說明

直接輸入如下命令，會獲得相應的結果

service nginx restart #重啓nginx
service mysqld restart #重啓mysql
service php-fpm restart #重啓php-fpm
service php-fpm stop #中止php-fpm
service php-fpm start #啓動php-fpm

各站點的根目錄是 /home/wwwroot/
應用的目錄是 /usr/local/webserver/

各配置文件的存放位置是：
php: /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/
mysql: /etc/
nginx: /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/

參考：

CentOS 6.2編譯安裝Nginx1.0.14+MySQL5.5.22+PHP5.3.10 http://www.osyunwei.com/archives/3339.html

Nginx 0.8.x + PHP 5.2.13（FastCGI）搭建賽過Apache十倍的Web服務器（第6版）[原創]http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v6/

LNMP一鍵安裝 http://lnmp.org/

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