kvm克隆centos
建立克隆時,虛擬機必須是關閉的。dom
virt-clone --original original_vm --name clone_vm_name --file /path/to/clone_vm_nameide
--original:指定被克隆的虛擬機spa
--name:克隆後目標虛擬機的名稱orm
--file:指定克隆後目標虛擬機的存儲路徑xml
例子:ci
# virt-clone --original CentOs6.8 --name centos6.8_clone --file /data/kvm/CentOs6.8_clone.imgget
# virsh list --all虛擬機
Id Name Stateit
----------------------------------------------------
8 CentOs6.7 running
- CentOs6.8 shut off
- centos6.8_clone shut off
kvm快照
kvm快照在虛擬機開啓和關閉狀態均可以建立,而且虛擬機的磁盤格式必須是qcow2。
1 查看和kvm快照相關的命令
# virsh help snapshot
Snapshot (help keyword 'snapshot'):
snapshot-create Create a snapshot from XML
snapshot-create-as Create a snapshot from a set of args
snapshot-current Get or set the current snapshot
snapshot-delete Delete a domain snapshot
snapshot-dumpxml Dump XML for a domain snapshot
snapshot-edit edit XML for a snapshot
snapshot-info snapshot information
snapshot-list List snapshots for a domain
snapshot-parent Get the name of the parent of a snapshot
snapshot-revert Revert a domain to a snapshot
2 建立快照
virsh snapshot-create vm_name
# virsh snapshot-create CentOs6.7
快照存儲路徑:/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/snapshot下對應虛擬機名稱的目錄中
2.1 查看虛擬機磁盤格式和快照
qemu-img info /path/to/vm_disk
# qemu-img info /data/kvm/CentOs6.7.qcow2
p_w_picpath: /data/kvm/CentOs6.7.qcow2
file format: qcow2
Snapshot list:
ID TAG VM SIZE DATE VM CLOCK
1 1457180938 261M 2016-03-05 20:28:58 00:51:20.214
# qemu-img info /data/kvm/CentOs6.8.img
p_w_picpath: /data/kvm/CentOs6.8.img
file format: raw
3 如何使raw格式的虛擬磁盤也能建立快照?
3.1 爲raw格式磁盤建立快照時報的錯誤
# virsh snapshot-create CentOs6.8
error: unsupported configuration: internal snapshot for disk vda unsupported for storage type raw
3.2 轉換raw爲qcow2
# qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 /data/kvm/CentOs6.8.img /data/kvm/centos6.8.qcow2
3.3 修改虛擬機配置文件
virsh edit vm_name
此命令編輯的文件其實是/etc/libvirt/qemu/目錄下和虛擬機同名而且以xml結尾的文件
# virsh edit CentOs6.8
#將type和source file修改成指定格式。
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2' cache='none'/>
<source file='/data/kvm/centos6.8.qcow2'/>
<target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
</disk>
3.4 建立快照
# virsh snapshot-create CentOs6.8
Domain snapshot 1457182425 created
4 列出快照和恢復快照
4.1 列出快照
virsh snapshot-list vm_name
# virsh snapshot-list CentOs6.7
Name Creation Time State
------------------------------------------------------------
1457180938 2016-03-05 20:28:58 +0800 running
4.2 恢復快照
virsh snapshot-revert vm_name snap_name
# virsh snapshot-revert CentOs6.7 1457180938
5 刪除快照
virsh snapshot-delete vm_name snap_name
# virsh snapshot-delete CentOs6.7 1457180938
如何修改主機名?