在中小型企業,公司不一樣運維人員基本都是以root 帳戶進行服務器的登錄管理,缺乏了帳戶權限審計制度。不出問題還好,出了問題,就很難找出源頭。linux
這裏介紹下,如何利用編譯bash 使不一樣的客戶端在使用root 登錄服務器使,記錄各自的操做,而且能夠在結合ELK 日誌分析系統,來收集登錄操做日誌 shell
服務器:centos 6.五、Development tools、使用密鑰認證,SElinux 關閉。swift
客戶端:生成密鑰對,用於登陸服務器 (2臺)vim
服務器操做 : 192.168.30.72
[root@open1 ~]# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-4.1.tar.gz [root@open1 ~]# tar xvf bash-4.1.tar.gz [root@open1 ~]# cd bash-4.1
[root@open1 bash-4.1]# vim config-top.c #define SSH_SOURCE_BASHRC #define SYSLOG_HISTORY
[root@open1 bash-4.1]# vim bashhist.c #... 省略部分段落 void bash_syslog_history (line) const char *line; { char trunc[SYSLOG_MAXLEN]; const char *p; p = getenv("NAME_OF_KEY"); if (strlen(line) < SYSLOG_MAXLEN) syslog (SYSLOG_FACILITY|SYSLOG_LEVEL, "HISTORY: PID=%d PPID=%d SID=%d User=%s USER=%s CMD=%s", getpid(), getppid(), getsid(getpid()), current_user.user_name, p, line); else { strncpy (trunc, line, SYSLOG_MAXLEN); trunc[SYSLOG_MAXLEN - 1] = ' '; syslog (SYSLOG_FACILITY|SYSLOG_LEVEL, "HISTORY (TRUNCATED): PID=%d PPID=%d SID=%d User=%s USER=%s CMD=%s", getpid(), getppid(), getsid(getpid()), current_user.user_name, p, trunc); } }
[root@open1 bash-4.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/bash_new [root@open1 bash-4.1]# make && make install ... if test "bash" = "gettext-tools"; then \ /bin/sh /root/bash-4.1/./support/mkinstalldirs /usr/local/bash_new/share/gettext/po; \ for file in Makefile.in.in remove-potcdate.sin quot.sed boldquot.sed en@quot.header en@boldquot.header insert-header.sin Rules-quot Makevars.template; do \ /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./$file \ /usr/local/bash_new/share/gettext/po/$file; \ done; \ for file in Makevars; do \ rm -f /usr/local/bash_new/share/gettext/po/$file; \ done; \ else \ : ; \ fi make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/bash-4.1/po'
[root@open1 bash-4.1]# echo "/usr/local/bash_new/bin/bash" >> /etc/shells [root@open1 bash-4.1]# cat /etc/shells /bin/sh /bin/bash /sbin/nologin /bin/dash /usr/local/bash_new/bin/bash
[root@open1 bash-4.1]# vim /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/usr/local/bash_new/bin/bash
[root@rsyslog ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "root@zhangsan" Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: c8:bd:5d:3b:a5:d9:6d:09:b6:5f:db:55:1d:43:96:3d root@zhangsan The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | oo| | oE.| | o.| | . o +| | o S .o. o| | o ..*o.o| | . . =...=| | ...=| | o.| +-----------------+
-C 註釋 (加上這個也是爲了最後進行對服務器訪問人員進行辨別的一個關鍵點)
[root@rsyslog ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.30.72 root@192.168.30.72's password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'root@192.168.30.72'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
[root@swift3 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "root@lisi" Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 8f:56:66:91:0c:6e:86:3b:90:19:42:9c:ab:9e:00:f6 root@lisi The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | oo.. . | | o. + o o . | | .+ . + + | |... . + . | |o.. o S + | |o E . * | |o . o . | | o . | | | +-----------------+
[root@swift3 ~]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.30.72 The authenticity of host '192.168.30.72 (192.168.30.72)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 8f:a7:1b:8d:e4:92:ad:ae:ea:1b:fb:67:0b:0b:7c:ac. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.30.72' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. root@192.168.30.72's password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'root@192.168.30.72'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
[root@open1 ~]# cat ~/.ssh/authorized_keys ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA6fM+bpWEP3luauvOjmTB55ugUzVVMesmHCw4RNZ/C2e+KGXAYuxuAmEBbMcXQQj7OTAqVCQ0PWja58wReyZ7etiUGAtvoSBmSBpTPXteBMl40kDn4GdmXQ9UT/jnQ9gSZUQYJLMLJGWJks9S4xUI2cZ7oIytclrsUnKuOA1U6+luIJwJu9z7ya5OXh5FmmJQFnYtAEIhrLt4S8Ru5S00c0jiQCRk3RFlHYNc0IR02MXMH7d9bq7l04heAcT/y1EBS3EwINX8r0y6OridjJPCwxnm1sSfMKvLAbq/B+ufDjEOp7Y2SatL3qXaiP7NxdnhoJ4+Xar0zCoYi2A9oRGgUQ== root@zhangsan ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAupGSgXOWpQfzOVkHXYqN2BjMiAyaFRdKs6Wam3xGpMYRjZbIFX14kNR4CbrQtbUK8YonZPYdXG589blFmqF17sUPCNEqZEjCNer+yzDu+hYg/jAn4dCVtTBqUtBsTYUHSHIR0srruJ9keHNgU9aDRok8nulMUi/9Ej0NJZsBQ2npVNCf0YHgAd/ON5VsBYVLPvAT/cG3MuCjg5mgtU59qgAHyLKxkfpVc0/TRZ4eamX/1V0dsCxx9oYDbpn4YKLBAOaAS4kF6qEdrwRh0ssyWtWOo/CdyfLXKgwdbPtPfWZ63SM7wY7bAtcdxxu/QDkYVP+4oDfAtMxXZlY2bT5qMQ== root@lisi
[root@open1 ~]# touch /var/log/keys
[root@open1 ~]# cat /etc/CheckUser.sh #!/bin/bash #conding:utf-8 pid=$PPID #在本身home目錄獲得全部的key,若是/var/log/keys 沒有的時候,添加進去 while read line do grep "$line" /var/log/keys >/dev/null || echo "$line" >> /var/log/keys done < $HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys #獲得每一個key的指紋 cat /var/log/keys | while read LINE do NAME=$(echo $LINE | awk '{print $3}') echo $LINE >/tmp/keys.log.$pid KEY=$(ssh-keygen -l -f /tmp/keys.log.$pid | awk '{print $2}') grep "$KEY $NAME" /var/log/ssh_key_fing >/dev/null || echo "$KEY $NAME" >> /var/log/ssh_key_fing done #若是是root用戶,secure文件裏面是經過PPID號驗證指紋 if [ $UID == 0 ] then ppid=$PPID else #若是不是root用戶,驗證指紋的是另一個進程號 ppid=`/bin/ps -ef | grep $PPID |grep 'sshd:' |awk '{print $3}'` fi #獲得RSA_KEY和NAME_OF_KEY,用來bash4.1獲得歷史記錄 RSA_KEY=`/bin/egrep 'Found matching RSA key' /var/log/secure | /bin/egrep "$ppid" | /bin/awk '{print $NF}' | tail -1` if [ -n "$RSA_KEY" ];then NAME_OF_KEY=`/bin/egrep "$RSA_KEY" /var/log/ssh_key_fing | /bin/awk '{print $NF}'` fi #把NAME_OF_KEY設置爲只讀 readonly NAME_OF_KEY export NAME_OF_KEY /bin/rm /tmp/keys.log.$pid
[root@open1 ~]# echo "test -f /etc/CheckUser.sh && . /etc/CheckUser.sh" >> /etc/profile
[root@open1 ~]# tail -1f /etc/bashrc test -z "$BASH_EXECUTION_STRING" || { test -f /etc/CheckUser.sh && . /etc/CheckUser.sh; logger -t -bash -s "HISTORY $SSH_CLIENT USER=$NAME_OF_KEY CMD=$BASH_EXECUTION_STRING " >/dev/null 2>&1;}
[root@open1 ~]# sed -i 's/#LogLevel INFO/LogLevel DEBUG/g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config [root@open1 ~]# service sshd restart Stopping sshd: [ OK ] Starting sshd: [ OK ]
經過上圖,能夠看出,不通用戶的客戶端經過公鑰登錄的方式,分辨出了誰操做了什麼,何時操做的
經過這種方式,極大的解決了多root 用戶登錄操做,沒法審計的問題。而且能夠結合日誌轉發,將系統日誌轉發到其它服務器,即便主機被黑了,也能具體的審查登錄時間以及作了哪些操做。 centos
原文章轉自:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIyMDA1MzgyNw==&mid=2651968844&idx=1&sn=bc6cba7f5dcea089f2df4e283d423a76&chksm=8c349d60bb4314765313ebb185236e2da6ea6bcca19de58130a1807e88ec263b1fc09f96abe0&scene=0&pass_ticket=%2Fn3BAiE%2FTvroxeNodAU6Ot0IS1pO1OdPvHoaqHM8e4jR4wKirK6z1q7lMZdD6khH#rd