Ansible配置管理vCenter及相關虛擬機

Ansible支持的模塊：

http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/modules/modules_by_category.html

對VMware的支持：

Vmware

• vca_fw – add remove firewall rules in a gateway in a vca

• vca_nat – add remove nat rules in a gateway in a vca

• vca_vapp – Manages vCloud Air vApp instances.

• vcenter_folder – Manage folders on given datacenter

• vcenter_license – Manage VMware vCenter license keys

• vmware_cfg_backup – Backup / Restore / Reset ESXi host configuration

• vmware_cluster – Manage VMware vSphere clusters

• vmware_datacenter – Manage VMware vSphere Datacenters

• vmware_datastore_facts – Gather facts about datastores

• vmware_dns_config – Manage VMware ESXi DNS Configuration

• vmware_drs_rule_facts – Gathers facts about DRS rule on the given cluster

• vmware_dvs_host – Add or remove a host from distributed virtual switch

• vmware_dvs_portgroup – Create or remove a Distributed vSwitch portgroup.

• vmware_dvswitch – Create or remove a distributed vSwitch

• vmware_guest – Manages virtual machines in vCenter

• vmware_guest_facts – Gather facts about a single VM

• vmware_guest_file_operation – Files operation in a VMware guest operating system without network

• vmware_guest_find – Find the folder path(s) for a virtual machine by name or UUID

• vmware_guest_powerstate – Manages power states of virtual machines in vCenter

• vmware_guest_snapshot – Manages virtual machines snapshots in vCenter

• vmware_guest_tools_wait – Wait for VMware tools to become available

• vmware_host – Add / Remove ESXi host to / from vCenter

• vmware_host_acceptance – Manage acceptance level of ESXi host

• vmware_host_config_facts – Gathers facts about an ESXi host’s advance configuration information

• vmware_host_config_manager – Manage advance configurations about an ESXi host

• vmware_host_datastore – Manage a datastore on ESXi host

• vmware_host_dns_facts – Gathers facts about an ESXi host’s DNS configuration information

• vmware_host_facts – Gathers facts about remote vmware host

• vmware_host_firewall_facts – Gathers facts about an ESXi host’s firewall configuration information

• vmware_host_firewall_manager – Manage firewall configurations about an ESXi host

• vmware_host_lockdown – Manage administrator permission for the local administrative account for the ESXi host

• vmware_host_ntp – Manage NTP configurations about an ESXi host

• vmware_host_package_facts – Gathers facts about available packages on an ESXi host

• vmware_host_service_facts – Gathers facts about an ESXi host’s services

• vmware_host_service_manager – Manage services on a given ESXi host

• vmware_host_vmnic_facts – Gathers facts about vmnics available on the given ESXi host

• vmware_local_role_manager – Manage local roles on an ESXi host

• vmware_local_user_manager – Manage local users on an ESXi host

• vmware_maintenancemode – Place a host into maintenance mode

• vmware_migrate_vmk – Migrate a VMK interface from VSS to VDS

• vmware_portgroup – Create a VMware portgroup

• vmware_resource_pool – Add/remove resource pools to/from vCenter

• vmware_target_canonical_facts – Return canonical (NAA) from an ESXi host

• vmware_vm_facts – Return basic facts pertaining to a vSphere virtual machine guest

• vmware_vm_shell – Run commands in a VMware guest operating system

• vmware_vm_vm_drs_rule – Configure VMware DRS Affinity rule for virtual machine in given cluster

• vmware_vm_vss_dvs_migrate – Migrates a virtual machine from a standard vswitch to distributed

• vmware_vmkernel – Manage a VMware VMkernel Interface aka. Virtual NICs of host system.

• vmware_vmkernel_facts – Gathers VMKernel facts about an ESXi host

• vmware_vmkernel_ip_config – Configure the VMkernel IP Address

• vmware_vmotion – Move a virtual machine using vMotion

• vmware_vsan_cluster – Configure VSAN clustering on an ESXi host

• vmware_vswitch – Add or remove a VMware Standard Switch to an ESXi host

• vsphere_copy – Copy a file to a vCenter datastore

• vsphere_guest **(D)** – Create/delete/manage a guest VM through VMware vSphere.

下面，咱們列出8個案例，展現Ansible對VMware的管理。

1. 獲取vCenter總體信息

--- -  name: vmware facts from vCenter   hosts: localhost        #指定運行playbook的服務器，通常設置爲localhost   tasks:     - name: get all registered vms       vmware_vm_facts:         hostname: 172.20.16.20   #vCenter的主機名或IP地址         username: administrator@vsphere.local  #vCenter登陸名稱         password: P@ssw0rd  #vCenter登陸密碼         validate_certs: False  #關閉證書認證       register: vmfacts       - name: print facts       debug:         msg: "{{vmfacts}}"

在vmfacts裏面顯示從vCenter中獲取的全部配置相關信息。其中vmfacts返回json格式，能夠根據須要過濾、篩選特定的信息。

2.經過vCenter獲取單個虛擬機配置信息

--- -  name: get specific facts from vcenter   hosts: localhost   connection: local   tasks:     - name: get facts from vcenter       vsphere_guest:         vcenter_hostname: 172.20.16.20         username: administrator@vsphere.local         password: P@ssw0rd         guest: ansible_test_name #想要獲取信息的虛擬機名稱         vmware_guest_facts: yes #Gather facts  from vCenter on a particular VM         validate_certs: no       register: facts       - name: show msg       debug: msg="{{facts}}"

3.通過vCenter在指定ESXi建立虛擬機

[root@localhost]#  cat 0402-vmware-create.yml --- -  hosts: localhost   vars_files:     - vmware-info.yml   tasks:     - name: create vm from template       vmware_guest:         hostname:  "{{vcenter_host}}"         username:  "{{vcenter_username}}"         password:  "{{vcenter_password}}"         validate_certs: no         folder: /VMTEST           esxi_hostname: rpo35.bxcs.com #指定esxi_name         datacenter: DateCenter #指定datacenter           name: ansible_test_name         state: poweredon         guest_id: rhel6Guest #VMware指定guest 類型，須要和https://www.vmware.com/support/developer/converter-sdk/conv55_apireference/vim.vm.GuestOsDescriptor.GuestOsIdentifier.html保持一致。         disk:         - size_gb: 200           type: thin           datastore: BXCS_vSphere_01 #指定特定datastore         hardware:           memory_mb: 512           num_cpus: 1           scsi: paravirtual         template: RHEL6.4-STP # 指定特定模板名稱         wait_for_ip_address: True # 等待虛擬機成功啓動後繼續              register: newvm       - name: IP address info       debug:         msg: "{{newvm}}  ansible_test_name"

4.經過vCenter在Cluster建立虛擬機

[root@localhost]#  cat 0410-vmware-create.yml --- -  hosts: localhost   vars_files:     - vmware-info.yml   tasks:     - name: create vm from template       vmware_guest:         hostname:  "{{vcenter_host}}"         username:  "{{vcenter_username}}"         password:  "{{vcenter_password}}"         validate_certs: no         folder: /VMTEST           cluster: vRealize-Cluster02 # 指定cluster         datacenter: DateCenter #datacenter           name: ansible_test_name_01         state: poweredon         guest_id: rhel6Guest         disk:         - size_gb: 200           type: thin           autoselect_datastore: yes #根據模板自動選擇datastore         hardware:           memory_mb: 512           num_cpus: 1           scsi: paravirtual         template: ANSIBLE-TP01         wait_for_ip_address: True               register: newvm       - name: IP address info       debug:         msg: "{{newvm}}  ansible_test_name"

5.經過vCenter在datastore cluster建立虛擬機

[root@localhost]#  cat check-rpm-info.yml --- -  hosts: localhost   vars_files:     - vmware-info.yml   tasks:     - name: create vm from template       vmware_guest:         hostname:  "{{vcenter_host}}"         username:  "{{vcenter_username}}"         password:  "{{vcenter_password}}"         validate_certs: no         folder: /VMTEST           esxi_hostname: rpo35.bxcs.com  #esxi_name         datacenter: DateCenter #datacenter           name: ansible_test_name_01         state: poweredon         guest_id: rhel6Guest         disk:         - size_gb: 200           type: thin           datastore: BXCS_vSphere_Cluster  #指定datastore cluster         hardware:           memory_mb: 512           num_cpus: 1           scsi: paravirtual         template: ANSIBLE-TP01         wait_for_ip_address: True               register: newvm       - name: IP address info       debug:         msg: "{{newvm}}  ansible_test_name"

6. 經過vCenter修改建立虛擬機的各類配置信息

[root@localhost]#  cat 0403-vmware-shell-ip-change.yml --- -  hosts: localhost   vars_files:     - vmware-info.yml   vars:     vmname: "ansible_test_name"     os_user: "root"     os_pass: "123456"   tasks:     - name: change vmware via shell       vmware_vm_shell:         hostname:  "{{vcenter_host}}"         username:  "{{vcenter_username}}"         password:  "{{vcenter_password}}"         validate_certs: no         datacenter: DateCenter           vm_id: "{{vmname}}"         vm_username: "{{os_user}}"         vm_password: "{{os_pass}}"           vm_shell: /bin/echo         vm_shell_args: "$VAR >  ifcfg-eth1"         vm_shell_env:           - "PATH=/bin"           - 'VAR= -e            DEVICE=eth1\nNAME=eth1\nONBOOT=yes\nBOOTPROTO=static\nIPADDR=172.20.6.150\nPREFIX=24\nGATEWAY=172.20.6.254           '         vm_shell_cwd:  "/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/"       register: vmfacts       - name: restart network serviceof vm from  vcenter       vmware_vm_shell:         hostname:  "{{vcenter_host}}"         username:  "{{vcenter_username}}"         password:  "{{vcenter_password}}"         validate_certs: no         datacenter: DateCenter           vm_id: "{{vmname}}"         vm_username: "{{os_user}}"         vm_password: "{{os_pass}}"           vm_shell: /sbin/service         vm_shell_args: "network  restart"         vm_shell_env:           - "PATH=/bin"         vm_shell_cwd: "/tmp"       - debug:         msg: "{{vmfacts}}"

經過vm_tools將任意shell腳本注入到VMware虛擬機中，可靈活配置任意操做。

7. 經過vCenter關閉虛擬機

[root@localhost]#  cat 0404-vmware-poweroff.yml --- -  hosts: localhost   vars_files:     - vmware-info.yml   tasks:     - name: poweroff vm       vmware_guest:         hostname:  "{{vcenter_host}}"         username:  "{{vcenter_username}}"         password:  "{{vcenter_password}}"         validate_certs: no         uuid:  "422746a9-f303-fa93-aed4-0bfa655b507f" # 待關閉虛擬機UUID         name: "ansible_test_name" #待關閉虛擬機名稱         state: poweredoff         force: yes       delegate_to: localhost

能夠實現對虛擬機以下的操做：present、absent、poweredon、poweredoff、restarted、suspended、shutdownguest、rebootguest。

8.經過vCenter建立刪除管理snapshot信息

[root@localhost]#  cat 0405-vmware-snapshot-create.yml --- -  hosts: localhost   vars_files:     - vmware-info.yml   vars:     vmname: "ansible_test_name"     os_user: "root"     os_pass: "123456"   tasks:     - name: create snapshot       vmware_guest_snapshot:         hostname:  "{{vcenter_host}}"         username:  "{{vcenter_username}}"         password:  "{{vcenter_password}}"         validate_certs: no         datacenter: DateCenter         folder: /VMTEST           name: ansible_test_name         state: present         snapshot_name:  ansible_test_snapshot_01       register: result       - name: show result       shell: echo "{{result}}"

[root@localhost]#  cat 0405-vmware-snapshot-create.yml --- -  hosts: localhost   vars_files:     - vmware-info.yml   vars:     vmname: "ansible_test_name"     os_user: "root"     os_pass: "123456"   tasks:     - name: create snapshot       vmware_guest_snapshot:         hostname:  "{{vcenter_host}}"         username:  "{{vcenter_username}}"         password:  "{{vcenter_password}}"         validate_certs: no         datacenter: DateCenter         folder: /VMTEST           name: ansible_test_name         state: absent         snapshot_name: ansible_test_snapshot_01       register: result       - name: show result       shell: echo "{{result}}"

大魏分享：

魏新宇

"大魏分享"運營者、紅帽資深解決方案架構師

專一開源雲計算、容器及自動化運維在金融行業的推廣

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