mqtt 異步消息 長鏈接 解析

mqtt 是輕量級基於代理的發佈/訂閱的消息傳輸協議,設計思想是開放,簡單,輕量級,且易於實現,這些優勢使得他受用於任何環境java

該協議的特色有:服務器

 使用發佈/訂閱消息的模式,提供一對多的消息發佈,解除應用程序耦合網絡

對負載內容屏蔽的消息傳輸session

使用TCP/IO 提供的網絡鏈接eclipse

 

有三種消息發佈服務質量:tcp

  "至多一次",消息發佈徹底依賴底層TCP/IP 網絡,會發生消息丟失或者重複,這一級別可用於以下狀況,環境,傳感器數據,丟失一次度記錄無所謂,由於不久以後會有第二次發送函數

  "至少一次" 確保消息到達,但消息重複可能發生設計

  「只有一次",確保消息到達一次,這一級別可用於以下狀況,在計費系統中,消息重複或者丟失致使不正確的結果代理

小型傳輸,開銷很小(固定牀都的頭部是2個字節),協議變換最小化,以下降網絡流量code

使用Last will和Testament 特性通知有關客戶端異常中斷的機制

服務器端程序
package com.example;  
  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttDeliveryToken;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttPersistenceException;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;  
  
  
/** 
 * Description 
 *   服務器向多個客戶端推送主題,即不一樣客戶端可向服務器訂閱相同主題 
 * Company Beijing  
 * author  youxuan  E-mail:xuanyouwu@163.com 
 * date createTime:16/7/13 
 * version 
 */  
public class Server {  
  
    public static final String HOST = "tcp://101.200.133.189:1883";  
    public static final String TOPIC = "toclient/124";  
    public static final String TOPIC125 = "toclient/125";  
    private static final String clientid = "server";  
  
    private MqttClient client;  
    private MqttTopic topic;  
    private MqttTopic topic125;  
    private String userName = "admin";  
    private String passWord = "password";  
  
    private MqttMessage message;  
  
    public Server() throws MqttException {  
        // MemoryPersistence設置clientid的保存形式,默認爲之內存保存  
        client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence());  
        connect();  
    }  
  
    private void connect() {  
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();  
        options.setCleanSession(false);  
        options.setUserName(userName);  
        options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());  
        // 設置超時時間  
        options.setConnectionTimeout(10);  
        // 設置會話心跳時間  
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);  
        try {  
            client.setCallback(new PushCallback());  
            client.connect(options);  
            topic = client.getTopic(TOPIC);  
            topic125 = client.getTopic(TOPIC125);  
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
  
    public void publish(MqttTopic topic, MqttMessage message) throws MqttPersistenceException,  
            MqttException {  
        MqttDeliveryToken token = topic.publish(message);  
        token.waitForCompletion();  
        System.out.println("message is published completely! "  
                + token.isComplete());  
    }  
  
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException {  
        Server server = new Server();  
  
        server.message = new MqttMessage();  
        server.message.setQos(2);  
        server.message.setRetained(true);  
        server.message.setPayload("給客戶端124推送的信息:wuyouxuan".getBytes());  
        server.publish(server.topic, server.message);  
  
        server.message = new MqttMessage();  
        server.message.setQos(2);  
        server.message.setRetained(true);  
        server.message.setPayload("給客戶端125推送的信息:wuyouxuan".getBytes());  
        server.publish(server.topic125, server.message);  
  
        System.out.println(server.message.isRetained() + "------ratained狀態");  
    }  
}  


回調監聽
package com.example;  
    
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;    
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;    
    
/**   
 * 發佈消息的回調類   
 *    
 * 必須實現MqttCallback的接口並實現對應的相關接口方法CallBack 類將實現 MqttCallBack。   
 * 每一個客戶機標識都須要一個回調實例。在此示例中,構造函數傳遞客戶機標識以另存爲實例數據。 
 * 在回調中,將它用來標識已經啓動了該回調的哪一個實例。   
 * 必須在回調類中實現三個方法:   
 *    
 *  public void messageArrived(MqttTopic topic, MqttMessage message)接收已經預訂的發佈。   
 *    
 *  public void connectionLost(Throwable cause)在斷開鏈接時調用。   
 *    
 *  public void deliveryComplete(MqttDeliveryToken token))   
 *  接收到已經發布的 QoS 1 或 QoS 2 消息的傳遞令牌時調用。   
 *  由 MqttClient.connect 激活此回調。   
 *    
 */      
public class PushCallback implements MqttCallback {    
    
    public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {    
        // 鏈接丟失後,通常在這裏面進行重連    
        System.out.println("鏈接斷開,能夠作重連");    
    }    
      
    public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {  
        System.out.println("deliveryComplete---------" + token.isComplete());    
    }  
  
    public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {  
        // subscribe後獲得的消息會執行到這裏面    
        System.out.println("接收消息主題 : " + topic);    
        System.out.println("接收消息Qos : " + message.getQos());    
        System.out.println("接收消息內容 : " + new String(message.getPayload()));    
    }    
}  


客戶端程序

package com.example;  
    
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;  
  
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;  
  
/** 
 * Description 
 *   客戶端程序 
 * Company Beijing  
 * author  youxuan  E-mail:xuanyouwu@163.com 
 * date createTime:16/7/13 
 * version 
 */  
public class Client {  
  
    public static final String HOST = "tcp://101.200.133.189:1883";  
  
    public static final String TOPIC = "toclient/124";    
    private static final String clientid = "client124";    
    private MqttClient client;    
    private MqttConnectOptions options;    
    private String userName = "admin";  
    private String passWord = "password";  
    
    private ScheduledExecutorService scheduler;    
    
    private void start() {    
        try {    
            // host爲主機名,clientid即鏈接MQTT的客戶端ID,通常以惟一標識符表示,MemoryPersistence設置clientid的保存形式,默認爲之內存保存    
            client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence());    
            // MQTT的鏈接設置    
            options = new MqttConnectOptions();    
            // 設置是否清空session,這裏若是設置爲false表示服務器會保留客戶端的鏈接記錄,這裏設置爲true表示每次鏈接到服務器都以新的身份鏈接    
            options.setCleanSession(true);    
            // 設置鏈接的用戶名    
            options.setUserName(userName);    
            // 設置鏈接的密碼    
            options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());    
            // 設置超時時間 單位爲秒    
            options.setConnectionTimeout(10);    
            // 設置會話心跳時間 單位爲秒 服務器會每隔1.5*20秒的時間向客戶端發送個消息判斷客戶端是否在線,但這個方法並無重連的機制    
            options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);    
            // 設置回調    
            client.setCallback(new PushCallback());    
            MqttTopic topic = client.getTopic(TOPIC);    
            //setWill方法,若是項目中須要知道客戶端是否掉線能夠調用該方法。設置最終端口的通知消息      
            options.setWill(topic, "close".getBytes(), 2, true);    
                
            client.connect(options);    
            //訂閱消息    
            int[] Qos  = {1};    
            String[] topic1 = {TOPIC};    
            client.subscribe(topic1, Qos);    
              
        } catch (Exception e) {    
            e.printStackTrace();    
        }    
    }    
     
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException {       
        Client client = new Client();    
        client.start();    
    }    
}
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