iOS WiFi與硬件通訊

WiFi通訊是指手機經過WiFi與外部設備創建鏈接,並與外部設備進行交互、通訊。手機與外部設備的WiFi通訊一般是使用Socket來實現的,在這裏先介紹一個第三方Socket庫(CocoaAsyncSocket)來實現WiFi通訊。app

CocoaAsyncSocket支持TCP和UDP,其中:AsyncSocket類是支持TCP的;AsyncUdpSocket類是支持UDP的。本文是創建在硬件經過UDP廣播包廣播自身信息,手機與硬件之間經過TCP鏈接傳輸數據。socket

WiFi鏈接的創建

首先,經過手動鏈接手機WiFi至外部設備,此時能夠獲取到外部WiFi的一些信息:atom

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
@interface ViewController : UIViewController
typedef void (^udpSocketBlock)(NSDictionary* dic,NSError* err);// block用於硬件返回信息的回調
@property (nonatomic,copy) udpSocketBlock udpSocketBlock;
- (void)sendUdpBoardcast:(udpSocketBlock)block;
@end
#import "ViewController.h"
#import <AsyncSocket.h>
#import <AsyncUdpSocket.h>
@interface ViewController ()<AsyncSocketDelegate,AsyncUdpSocketDelegate>
@property (nonatomic,strong) AsyncUdpSocket *udpSocket;
@property (nonatomic,strong) AsyncSocket *socket;
@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
}

- (void)sendUdpBoardcast:(udpSocketBlock)block{
    self.udpSocketBlock = block;
    if(!_udpSocket)_udpSocket = [[AsyncUdpSocket alloc] initWithDelegate:self];
    NSData *data = [NSData data];// 此處data是根據硬件要求傳參數
    UInt16 port = 34343;// 此處具體指需詢問硬件工程師
    [self.udpSocket enableBroadcast:YES error:NULL];
    [_udpSocket sendData:data toHost:@"255.255.255.255" port:port withTimeout:-1 tag:0];// 由於不知道具體的ip地址,因此host採用受限廣播地址
}
- (BOOL)onUdpSocket:(AsyncUdpSocket *)sock didReceiveData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag fromHost:(NSString *)host port:(UInt16)port{
// data 接收到的外部設備返回的數據
    id result = [self unpackageMessage:data]; // 對數據進行處理,此處調用的 - (id)unpackageMessage:(NSData *)data ;是根據與硬件方面協商的數據格式進行的數據處理
    if ([[result valueForJSONKey:@"typeid"] isEqualToString:@"xxxx"]) {
        self.udpSocketBlock([result valueForJSONKey:@"data"],nil);
    } // 判斷的到的數據是否爲咱們須要的數據
    return YES; // 發現設備後,則關閉發現通道
    return NO; // 不關閉發現通道,一直處於發現狀態
}
#pragma mark - udpSocket
-(void)onUdpSocket:(AsyncUdpSocket *)sock didSendDataWithTag:(long)tag{

}

經過調用該方法,能夠獲得外部設備返還的WiFi信息:spa

[self sendUdpBoardcast:^(NSDictionary *dic, NSError *err) {
     // dic爲硬件返回的參數
}];

獲取硬件參數以後,須要確認手機是否已於硬件鏈接,直接調用方法code

- (BOOL)isConnected;

若未鏈接,則需創建手機和硬件之間的socket鏈接:orm

- (BOOL)connectToHost:(NSString*)hostname onPort:(UInt16)port error:(NSError **)errPtr;
// hostname、port均爲硬件返回的

數據的寫入和讀取

CocoaAsyncSocket提供了寫入數據和讀取數據的方法:ip

// 數據的寫入
- (void)writeData:(NSData *)data withTimeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout tag:(long)tag;
// 數據的讀取
- (void)readDataWithTimeout:(NSTimeInterval)timeout tag:(long)tag;

數據寫入具體格式須要根據硬件要求來決定,這裏提供幾種經常使用的數據類型轉換方法以供參考:unicode

  • 十六進制字符串轉NSData
    -(NSData *)converHexStrToData:(NSString *)hexString {
      NSMutableData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];
      unsigned char whole_byte;
      char byte_chars[3] = {'\0','\0','\0'};
      if (hexString.length%2) {
          //防止丟失半個byte
          hexString = [@"0" stringByAppendingString:hexString];
      }
      int i;
      for (i = 0; i < [hexString length]/2; i++) {
          byte_chars[0] = [hexString characterAtIndex:i * 2];
          byte_chars[1] = [hexString characterAtIndex:i * 2 + 1];
          whole_byte = strtol(byte_chars, NULL, 16);
          [data appendBytes:&whole_byte length:1];
      }
      return data;
    }
  • NSData轉十六進制字符串
    -(NSString *) converDataToHexString:(NSData *)data
    {
      if (data == nil) {
          return nil;
      }
      NSMutableString* hexString = [NSMutableString string];
      const unsigned char *p = [data bytes];
      for (int i=0; i < [data length]; i++) {
          [hexString appendFormat:@"%02x", *p++];
      }
      return hexString;
    }
  • 十六進制字符串轉普通字符串
    -(NSString *)stringFromHexString:(NSString *)hexString {
      char *myBuffer = (char *)malloc((int)[hexString length] / 2 + 1);
      bzero(myBuffer, [hexString length] / 2 + 1);
      for (int i = 0; i < [hexString length] - 1; i += 2) {
          unsigned int anInt;
          NSString * hexCharStr = [hexString substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(i, 2)];
          NSScanner * scanner = [[NSScanner alloc] initWithString:hexCharStr];
          [scanner scanHexInt:&anInt];
          myBuffer[i / 2] = (char)anInt;
      }
      NSString *unicodeString = [NSString stringWithCString:myBuffer encoding:4];
      return unicodeString;
    }
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