linux命令（mv，cp，touch）

7，mv命令

功能：來移動文件或者將文件重命名（文件內容能覆蓋），文件夾移動，文件夾下文件移動

主要參數：   -f  果目標文件已經存在，不會詢問而直接覆蓋；

                  -i 目標文件 (destination) 已經存在時，就會詢問是否覆蓋！

                  -b選項文件覆蓋前作簡單備份

                        -t   此時目標目錄在前，源文件在後。

（1）重命名

ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:01 log2.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:01 test1
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:01 test.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ mv log2.txt test.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:01 test1
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:01 test.txt

（2）文件內容覆蓋

[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    7 Mar 10 00:04 log1.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:04 test1
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    7 Mar 10 00:07 test.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cat log1.txt
bcdefg
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cat test.txt
123456
[ligang@centos6 test]$ mv test.txt log1.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cat log1.txt
123456

（3）文件夾下移動

[ligang@centos6 test]$ ^C
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    7 Mar 10 00:07 log1.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:04 test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ touch log2.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ mv lo* test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:10 test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll test1/
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 7 Mar 10 00:07 log1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar 10 00:10 log2.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$

（4）一大堆文件放入一個目錄中

[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:10 test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ mv test1/* ./       // 注把test下文件放在當前文件夾下不能用 mv test1 ./
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    7 Mar 10 00:07 log1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:10 log2.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:18 test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll test1/
total 0
[ligang@centos6 test]$ mv -t test1/ log1.txt  log2.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:19 test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll test1/
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 7 Mar 10 00:07 log1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar 10 00:10 log2.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$

（5）-b選項文件覆蓋前作簡單備份

ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar  9 23:34 log1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar  9 23:34 log2.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ mv -b log1.txt log2.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar  9 23:34 log2.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar  9 23:34 log2.txt~

8 ，cp命令

功能：用來複制文件或者目錄到某個目錄下，若是目錄或文件存在問是否存在

（1）複製文件到某個文件夾下，重複操做沒有出現提示是否覆蓋

[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:35 haha.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:19 test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cp haha.txt test1/
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll test1/
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar 10 00:36 haha.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 7 Mar 10 00:07 log1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar 10 00:10 log2.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cp haha.txt test1/
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll test1/
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar 10 00:36 haha.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 7 Mar 10 00:07 log1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Mar 10 00:10 log2.txt

（2）cp不能直接把文件夾複製給另一個文件夾，否者要加參數-rf。若是要把一個文件夾下內容複製給另一個文件夾則用dir/*

[ligang@centos6 test]$ cp test2/ test1
cp: omitting directory `test2/'
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cp -rf test2/ test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    5 Mar 10 00:37 haha.txt
drwxr-xr-x 3 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:42 test1
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:40 test2
[ligang@centos6 test]$ mkdir test3
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cp -af test3 test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll test1
total 16
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    5 Mar 10 00:37 haha.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    7 Mar 10 00:07 log1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:10 log2.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:42 test2
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:42 test3
[ligang@centos6 test]$ mkdir test4
[ligang@centos6 test]$ c test4
-bash: c: command not found
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cd test4
[ligang@centos6 test4]$ touch test.txt
[ligang@centos6 test4]$ cd ..
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cp -rf test4/ test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll test1
total 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    5 Mar 10 00:37 haha.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    7 Mar 10 00:07 log1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:10 log2.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:42 test2
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:42 test3
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:45 test4
[ligang@centos6 test]$ cp  test4/* test1
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll test1
total 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    5 Mar 10 00:37 haha.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    7 Mar 10 00:07 log1.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:10 log2.txt
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:42 test2
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:42 test3
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:45 test4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:45 test.txt

9，touch

功能：用來修改文件時間戳，或者新建一個不存在的文件。

-r 　把指定文檔或目錄的日期時間，通通設成和參考文檔或目錄的日期時間相同。

-t 　使用指定的日期時間，而非如今的時間。格式： [[CC]YY]MMDDhhmm[.SS]  

ligang@centos6 test]$ touch -t 20151121 test.txt
touch: invalid date format `20151121'
[ligang@centos6 test]$ touch -t 20151121100037 test.txt
touch: invalid date format `20151121100037'
[ligang@centos6 test]$ touch -t 201511211000.37 test.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll test.txt 
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning 0 Nov 21  2015 test.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$ touch -r haha.txt  test.txt 
[ligang@centos6 test]$ ll
total 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    5 Mar 10 00:37 haha.txt
drwxr-xr-x 5 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:45 test1
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:40 test2
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:42 test3
drwxr-xr-x 2 ligang trainning 4096 Mar 10 00:44 test4
-rw-r--r-- 1 ligang trainning    0 Mar 10 00:37 test.txt
[ligang@centos6 test]$