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郭孝星,程序員,吉他手,主要從事Android平臺基礎架構方面的工做,歡迎交流技術方面的問題,能夠去個人Github提issue或者發郵件至guoxiaoxingse@163.com與我交流。android
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更多Android開源框架源碼分析文章請參見Android open framework analysis。程序員
在Android刀耕火種的哪一個年代,咱們作網絡請求一般會選用HttpURLConnection或者Apache HTTP Client,這二者均支持HTTPS、流的上傳和下載、配置超時和鏈接池等特性,但隨着業務場景的負責化以及 對流量消耗的優化需求,Okhttp應運而生,自誕生起,口碑就一直很好。github
可是,你們都說好,好在哪裏?既然這麼好,它的設計理念和實現思路有哪些值得咱們學習的地方?🤔編程
今天就帶着這些問題,一探究竟。緩存
An HTTP+HTTP/2 client for Android and Java applications.安全
官方網站:https://github.com/square/okhttp服務器
源碼版本:3.9.1cookie
在正式分析源碼以前,咱們先來看個簡單的小例子,從例子入手,逐步分析Okhttp的實現。
👉 舉例
OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.build();
okHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
@Override
public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
}
@Override
public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
}
});
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在上面的例子中,咱們構建了一個客戶端OkHttpClient和一個請求Request,而後調用newCall()方法將請求發送了出去。從這個小例子中,咱們能夠發現 OkHttpClient至關因而個上下文或者說是大管家,它接到咱們給的任務之後,將具體的工做分發到各個子系統中去完成。
Okhttp的子系統層級結構圖以下所示:
👉 點擊圖片查看大圖
在整個Okhttp的系統中,咱們還要理解如下幾個關鍵角色:
咱們首先來分析鏈接的請求與響應流程,這樣咱們就能夠對整個Okhttp系統有一個總體的認識。
Okhttp的整個請求與響應的流程就是Dispatcher不斷從Request Queue裏取出請求(Call),根據是否已經存存緩存,從內存緩存或者服務器獲取請求的數據,請求分爲同步和異步兩種,同步請求經過 調用Call.exectute()方法直接返回當前請求的Response,異步請求調用Call.enqueue()方法將請求(AsyncCall)添加到請求隊列中去,並經過回調(Callback)獲取服務器返回的結果。
一圖勝千言,咱們來看一下整個的流程圖,以下所示:
👉 點擊圖片查看大圖
讀者仔細看一下這個流程圖,是否是很像計算機網絡的OSI七層模型,Okhttp正式採用這種思路,利用攔截器Interceptor將整套框架縱向分層,簡化了設計邏輯,提高了框架擴展性。
經過上面的流程圖,咱們能夠知道在整個請求與響應流程中,如下幾點是咱們須要重點關注的:
帶着以上問題,咱們去源碼中一探究竟。
咱們先來看一下具體的函數調用鏈,請求與響應的序列圖以下所示:
👉 點擊圖片查看大圖
上述序列圖能夠幫助咱們理解整個請求與響應流程的具體細節,咱們首先來看一下一個請求和如何被封裝併發出的。
請求是由Okhttp發出,真正的請求都被封裝了在了接口Call的實現類RealCall中,以下所示:
Call接口以下所示:
public interface Call extends Cloneable {
//返回當前請求
Request request();
//同步請求方法,此方法會阻塞當前線程知道請求結果放回
Response execute() throws IOException;
//異步請求方法,此方法會將請求添加到隊列中,而後等待請求返回
void enqueue(Callback responseCallback);
//取消請求
void cancel();
//請求是否在執行,當execute()或者enqueue(Callback responseCallback)執行後該方法返回true
boolean isExecuted();
//請求是否被取消
boolean isCanceled();
//建立一個新的如出一轍的請求
Call clone();
interface Factory {
Call newCall(Request request);
}
}
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RealCall的構造方法以下所示:
final class RealCall implements Call {
private RealCall(OkHttpClient client, Request originalRequest, boolean forWebSocket) {
//咱們構建的OkHttpClient,用來傳遞參數
this.client = client;
this.originalRequest = originalRequest;
//是否是WebSocket請求,WebSocket是用來創建長鏈接的,後面咱們會說。
this.forWebSocket = forWebSocket;
//構建RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor攔截器
this.retryAndFollowUpInterceptor = new RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor(client, forWebSocket);
}
}
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RealCall實現了Call接口,它封裝了請求的調用,這個構造函數的邏輯也很簡單:賦值外部傳入的OkHttpClient、Request與forWebSocket,並 建立了重試與重定向攔截器RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor。
RealCall將請求分爲兩種:
異步請求只是比同步請求多了個Callback,分別調用的方法以下所示:
異步請求
final class RealCall implements Call {
@Override public void enqueue(Callback responseCallback) {
synchronized (this) {
if (executed) throw new IllegalStateException("Already Executed");
executed = true;
}
captureCallStackTrace();
client.dispatcher().enqueue(new AsyncCall(responseCallback));
}
}
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同步請求
final class RealCall implements Call {
@Override public Response execute() throws IOException {
synchronized (this) {
if (executed) throw new IllegalStateException("Already Executed");
executed = true;
}
captureCallStackTrace();
try {
client.dispatcher().executed(this);
Response result = getResponseWithInterceptorChain();
if (result == null) throw new IOException("Canceled");
return result;
} finally {
client.dispatcher().finished(this);
}
}
}
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從上面實現能夠看出,無論是同步請求仍是異步請求都是Dispatcher在處理:
AsyncCall本質上是一個Runable,Dispatcher會調度ExecutorService來執行這些Runable。
final class AsyncCall extends NamedRunnable {
private final Callback responseCallback;
AsyncCall(Callback responseCallback) {
super("OkHttp %s", redactedUrl());
this.responseCallback = responseCallback;
}
String host() {
return originalRequest.url().host();
}
Request request() {
return originalRequest;
}
RealCall get() {
return RealCall.this;
}
@Override protected void execute() {
boolean signalledCallback = false;
try {
Response response = getResponseWithInterceptorChain();
if (retryAndFollowUpInterceptor.isCanceled()) {
signalledCallback = true;
responseCallback.onFailure(RealCall.this, new IOException("Canceled"));
} else {
signalledCallback = true;
responseCallback.onResponse(RealCall.this, response);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
if (signalledCallback) {
// Do not signal the callback twice!
Platform.get().log(INFO, "Callback failure for " + toLoggableString(), e);
} else {
responseCallback.onFailure(RealCall.this, e);
}
} finally {
client.dispatcher().finished(this);
}
}
}
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從上面代碼能夠看出,無論是同步請求仍是異步請求最後都會經過getResponseWithInterceptorChain()獲取Response,只不過異步請求多了個線程調度,異步 執行的過程。
咱們先來來看看Dispatcher裏的實現。
public final class Dispatcher {
private int maxRequests = 64;
private int maxRequestsPerHost = 5;
/** Ready async calls in the order they'll be run. */
private final Deque<AsyncCall> readyAsyncCalls = new ArrayDeque<>();
/** Running asynchronous calls. Includes canceled calls that haven't finished yet. */
private final Deque<AsyncCall> runningAsyncCalls = new ArrayDeque<>();
/** Running synchronous calls. Includes canceled calls that haven't finished yet. */
private final Deque<RealCall> runningSyncCalls = new ArrayDeque<>();
/** Used by {@code Call#execute} to signal it is in-flight. */
synchronized void executed(RealCall call) {
runningSyncCalls.add(call);
}
synchronized void enqueue(AsyncCall call) {
//正在運行的異步請求不得超過64,同一個host下的異步請求不得超過5個
if (runningAsyncCalls.size() < maxRequests && runningCallsForHost(call) < maxRequestsPerHost) {
runningAsyncCalls.add(call);
executorService().execute(call);
} else {
readyAsyncCalls.add(call);
}
}
}
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Dispatcher是一個任務調度器,它內部維護了三個雙端隊列:
記得異步請求與同步騎牛,並利用ExecutorService來調度執行AsyncCall。
同步請求就直接把請求添加到正在運行的同步請求隊列runningSyncCalls中,異步請求會作個判斷:
若是正在運行的異步請求不超過64,並且同一個host下的異步請求不得超過5個則將請求添加到正在運行的同步請求隊列中runningAsyncCalls並開始 執行請求,不然就添加到readyAsyncCalls繼續等待。
講完Dispatcher裏的實現,咱們繼續來看getResponseWithInterceptorChain()的實現,這個方法纔是真正發起請求並處理請求的地方。
final class RealCall implements Call {
Response getResponseWithInterceptorChain() throws IOException {
// Build a full stack of interceptors.
List<Interceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>();
//這裏能夠看出,咱們自定義的Interceptor會被優先執行
interceptors.addAll(client.interceptors());
//添加劇試和重定向爛機器
interceptors.add(retryAndFollowUpInterceptor);
interceptors.add(new BridgeInterceptor(client.cookieJar()));
interceptors.add(new CacheInterceptor(client.internalCache()));
interceptors.add(new ConnectInterceptor(client));
if (!forWebSocket) {
interceptors.addAll(client.networkInterceptors());
}
interceptors.add(new CallServerInterceptor(forWebSocket));
Interceptor.Chain chain = new RealInterceptorChain(
interceptors, null, null, null, 0, originalRequest);
return chain.proceed(originalRequest);
}
}
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短短几行代碼,完成了對請求的全部處理過程,Interceptor將網絡請求、緩存、透明壓縮等功能統一了起來,它的實現採用責任鏈模式,各司其職, 每一個功能都是一個Interceptor,上一級處理完成之後傳遞給下一級,它們最後鏈接成了一個Interceptor.Chain。它們的功能以下:
位置決定功能,位置靠前的先執行,最後一個則複製與服務器通信,請求從RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor開始層層傳遞到CallServerInterceptor,每一層 都對請求作相應的處理,處理的結構再從CallServerInterceptor層層返回給RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor,最紅請求的發起者得到了服務器返回的結果。
以上即是Okhttp整個請求與響應的具體流程,能夠發現攔截器纔是Okhttp核心功能所在,咱們來逐一分析每一個攔截器的實現。
從上面的流程能夠看出,各個環節都是由相應的攔截器進行處理,全部的攔截器(包括咱們自定義的)都實現了Interceptor接口,以下所示:
public interface Interceptor {
Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException;
interface Chain {
Request request();
Response proceed(Request request) throws IOException;
//返回Request執行後返回的鏈接
@Nullable Connection connection();
}
}
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Okhttp內置的攔截器以下所示:
咱們繼續來看看RealInterceptorChain裏是怎麼一級級處理的。
public final class RealInterceptorChain implements Interceptor.Chain {
public Response proceed(Request request, StreamAllocation streamAllocation, HttpCodec httpCodec, RealConnection connection) throws IOException {
if (index >= interceptors.size()) throw new AssertionError();
calls++;
// If we already have a stream, confirm that the incoming request will use it.
if (this.httpCodec != null && !this.connection.supportsUrl(request.url())) {
throw new IllegalStateException("network interceptor " + interceptors.get(index - 1)
+ " must retain the same host and port");
}
// If we already have a stream, confirm that this is the only call to chain.proceed().
if (this.httpCodec != null && calls > 1) {
throw new IllegalStateException("network interceptor " + interceptors.get(index - 1)
+ " must call proceed() exactly once");
}
// Call the next interceptor in the chain.
RealInterceptorChain next = new RealInterceptorChain(
interceptors, streamAllocation, httpCodec, connection, index + 1, request);
Interceptor interceptor = interceptors.get(index);
Response response = interceptor.intercept(next);
// Confirm that the next interceptor made its required call to chain.proceed().
if (httpCodec != null && index + 1 < interceptors.size() && next.calls != 1) {
throw new IllegalStateException("network interceptor " + interceptor
+ " must call proceed() exactly once");
}
// Confirm that the intercepted response isn't null.
if (response == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("interceptor " + interceptor + " returned null");
}
return response;
}
}
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這個方法比較有意思,在調用proceed方法以後,會繼續構建一個新的RealInterceptorChain對象,調用下一個interceptor來繼續請求,直到全部interceptor都處理完畢,將 獲得的response返回。
每一個攔截器的方法都遵循這樣的規則:
@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
Request request = chain.request();
//1 Request階段,該攔截器在Request階段負責作的事情
//2 調用RealInterceptorChain.proceed(),實際上是在遞歸調用下一個攔截器的intercept()方法
response = ((RealInterceptorChain) chain).proceed(request, streamAllocation, null, null);
//3 Response階段,完成了該攔截器在Response階段負責作的事情,而後返回到上一層的攔截器。
return response;
}
}
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從上面的描述可知,Request是按照interpretor的順序正向處理,而Response是逆向處理的。這參考了OSI七層模型的原理。上面咱們也提到過。CallServerInterceptor至關於最底層的物理層, 請求從上到逐層包裝下發,響應從下到上再逐層包裝返回。很漂亮的設計。
interceptor的執行順序:RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor -> BridgeInterceptor -> CacheInterceptor -> ConnectInterceptor -> CallServerInterceptor。
RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor負責失敗重試以及重定向。
public final class RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor implements Interceptor {
private static final int MAX_FOLLOW_UPS = 20;
@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
Request request = chain.request();
//1. 構建一個StreamAllocation對象,StreamAllocation至關因而個管理類,維護了
//Connections、Streams和Calls之間的管理,該類初始化一個Socket鏈接對象,獲取輸入/輸出流對象。
streamAllocation = new StreamAllocation(
client.connectionPool(), createAddress(request.url()), callStackTrace);
//重定向次數
int followUpCount = 0;
Response priorResponse = null;
while (true) {
if (canceled) {
streamAllocation.release();
throw new IOException("Canceled");
}
Response response = null;
boolean releaseConnection = true;
try {
//2. 繼續執行下一個Interceptor,即BridgeInterceptor
response = ((RealInterceptorChain) chain).proceed(request, streamAllocation, null, null);
releaseConnection = false;
} catch (RouteException e) {
//3. 拋出異常,則檢測鏈接是否還能夠繼續。
if (!recover(e.getLastConnectException(), false, request)) {
throw e.getLastConnectException();
}
releaseConnection = false;
continue;
} catch (IOException e) {
// 和服務端創建鏈接失敗
boolean requestSendStarted = !(e instanceof ConnectionShutdownException);
if (!recover(e, requestSendStarted, request)) throw e;
releaseConnection = false;
continue;
} finally {
//檢測到其餘未知異常,則釋放鏈接和資源
if (releaseConnection) {
streamAllocation.streamFailed(null);
streamAllocation.release();
}
}
//構建響應體,這個響應體的body爲空。
if (priorResponse != null) {
response = response.newBuilder()
.priorResponse(priorResponse.newBuilder()
.body(null)
.build())
.build();
}
//4。根據響應碼處理請求,返回Request不爲空時則進行重定向處理。
Request followUp = followUpRequest(response);
if (followUp == null) {
if (!forWebSocket) {
streamAllocation.release();
}
return response;
}
closeQuietly(response.body());
//重定向的次數不能超過20次
if (++followUpCount > MAX_FOLLOW_UPS) {
streamAllocation.release();
throw new ProtocolException("Too many follow-up requests: " + followUpCount);
}
if (followUp.body() instanceof UnrepeatableRequestBody) {
streamAllocation.release();
throw new HttpRetryException("Cannot retry streamed HTTP body", response.code());
}
if (!sameConnection(response, followUp.url())) {
streamAllocation.release();
streamAllocation = new StreamAllocation(
client.connectionPool(), createAddress(followUp.url()), callStackTrace);
} else if (streamAllocation.codec() != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("Closing the body of " + response
+ " didn't close its backing stream. Bad interceptor?");
}
request = followUp;
priorResponse = response;
}
}
}
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咱們先來講說StreamAllocation這個類的做用,這個類協調了三個實體類的關係:
咱們再來看看整個方法的流程:
最後是根據響應碼來處理請求頭,由followUpRequest()方法完成,具體以下所示:
public final class RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor implements Interceptor {
private Request followUpRequest(Response userResponse) throws IOException {
if (userResponse == null) throw new IllegalStateException();
Connection connection = streamAllocation.connection();
Route route = connection != null
? connection.route()
: null;
int responseCode = userResponse.code();
final String method = userResponse.request().method();
switch (responseCode) {
//407,代理認證
case HTTP_PROXY_AUTH:
Proxy selectedProxy = route != null
? route.proxy()
: client.proxy();
if (selectedProxy.type() != Proxy.Type.HTTP) {
throw new ProtocolException("Received HTTP_PROXY_AUTH (407) code while not using proxy");
}
return client.proxyAuthenticator().authenticate(route, userResponse);
//401,未經認證
case HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED:
return client.authenticator().authenticate(route, userResponse);
//307,308
case HTTP_PERM_REDIRECT:
case HTTP_TEMP_REDIRECT:
// "If the 307 or 308 status code is received in response to a request other than GET
// or HEAD, the user agent MUST NOT automatically redirect the request"
if (!method.equals("GET") && !method.equals("HEAD")) {
return null;
}
// fall-through
//300,301,302,303
case HTTP_MULT_CHOICE:
case HTTP_MOVED_PERM:
case HTTP_MOVED_TEMP:
case HTTP_SEE_OTHER:
//客戶端在配置中是否容許重定向
if (!client.followRedirects()) return null;
String location = userResponse.header("Location");
if (location == null) return null;
HttpUrl url = userResponse.request().url().resolve(location);
// url爲null,不容許重定向
if (url == null) return null;
//查詢是否存在http與https之間的重定向
boolean sameScheme = url.scheme().equals(userResponse.request().url().scheme());
if (!sameScheme && !client.followSslRedirects()) return null;
// Most redirects don't include a request body.
Request.Builder requestBuilder = userResponse.request().newBuilder();
if (HttpMethod.permitsRequestBody(method)) {
final boolean maintainBody = HttpMethod.redirectsWithBody(method);
if (HttpMethod.redirectsToGet(method)) {
requestBuilder.method("GET", null);
} else {
RequestBody requestBody = maintainBody ? userResponse.request().body() : null;
requestBuilder.method(method, requestBody);
}
if (!maintainBody) {
requestBuilder.removeHeader("Transfer-Encoding");
requestBuilder.removeHeader("Content-Length");
requestBuilder.removeHeader("Content-Type");
}
}
// When redirecting across hosts, drop all authentication headers. This
// is potentially annoying to the application layer since they have no
// way to retain them.
if (!sameConnection(userResponse, url)) {
requestBuilder.removeHeader("Authorization");
}
return requestBuilder.url(url).build();
//408,超時
case HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT:
// 408's are rare in practice, but some servers like HAProxy use this response code. The
// spec says that we may repeat the request without modifications. Modern browsers also
// repeat the request (even non-idempotent ones.)
if (userResponse.request().body() instanceof UnrepeatableRequestBody) {
return null;
}
return userResponse.request();
default:
return null;
}
}
}
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重定向會涉及到一些網絡編程的知識,這裏若是沒有完成理解,你只要知道RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor的做用就是處理了一些鏈接異常以及重定向就能夠了。咱們接着來看看下一個BridgeInterceptor。
BridgeInterceptor就跟它的名字那樣,它是一個鏈接橋,它負責把用戶構造的請求轉換爲發送給服務器的請求,把服務器返回的響應轉換爲對用戶友好的響應。 轉換的過程就是添加一些服務端須要的header信息。
public final class BridgeInterceptor implements Interceptor {
@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
Request userRequest = chain.request();
Request.Builder requestBuilder = userRequest.newBuilder();
RequestBody body = userRequest.body();
if (body != null) {
//1 進行Header的包裝
MediaType contentType = body.contentType();
if (contentType != null) {
requestBuilder.header("Content-Type", contentType.toString());
}
long contentLength = body.contentLength();
if (contentLength != -1) {
requestBuilder.header("Content-Length", Long.toString(contentLength));
requestBuilder.removeHeader("Transfer-Encoding");
} else {
requestBuilder.header("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked");
requestBuilder.removeHeader("Content-Length");
}
}
if (userRequest.header("Host") == null) {
requestBuilder.header("Host", hostHeader(userRequest.url(), false));
}
if (userRequest.header("Connection") == null) {
requestBuilder.header("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
}
//這裏有個坑:若是你在請求的時候主動添加了"Accept-Encoding: gzip" ,transparentGzip=false,那你就要本身解壓,若是
// 你沒有吹解壓,或致使response.string()亂碼。
// If we add an "Accept-Encoding: gzip" header field we're responsible for also decompressing
// the transfer stream.
boolean transparentGzip = false;
if (userRequest.header("Accept-Encoding") == null && userRequest.header("Range") == null) {
transparentGzip = true;
requestBuilder.header("Accept-Encoding", "gzip");
}
//建立OkhttpClient配置的cookieJar
List<Cookie> cookies = cookieJar.loadForRequest(userRequest.url());
if (!cookies.isEmpty()) {
requestBuilder.header("Cookie", cookieHeader(cookies));
}
if (userRequest.header("User-Agent") == null) {
requestBuilder.header("User-Agent", Version.userAgent());
}
Response networkResponse = chain.proceed(requestBuilder.build());
//解析服務器返回的Header,若是沒有這事cookie,則不進行解析
HttpHeaders.receiveHeaders(cookieJar, userRequest.url(), networkResponse.headers());
Response.Builder responseBuilder = networkResponse.newBuilder()
.request(userRequest);
//判斷服務器是否支持gzip壓縮,若是支持,則將壓縮提交給Okio庫來處理
if (transparentGzip
&& "gzip".equalsIgnoreCase(networkResponse.header("Content-Encoding"))
&& HttpHeaders.hasBody(networkResponse)) {
GzipSource responseBody = new GzipSource(networkResponse.body().source());
Headers strippedHeaders = networkResponse.headers().newBuilder()
.removeAll("Content-Encoding")
.removeAll("Content-Length")
.build();
responseBuilder.headers(strippedHeaders);
responseBuilder.body(new RealResponseBody(strippedHeaders, Okio.buffer(responseBody)));
}
return responseBuilder.build();
}
}
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就跟它的名字描述的那樣,它是一個橋樑,負責把用戶構造的請求轉換爲發送給服務器的請求,把服務器返回的響應轉換爲對用戶友好的響應。 在Request階段配置用戶信息,並添加一些請求頭。在Response階段,進行gzip解壓。
這個方法主要是針對Header作了一些處理,這裏主要提一下"Accept-Encoding", "gzip",關於它有如下幾點須要注意:
BridgeInterceptor主要就是針對Header作了一些處理,咱們接着來看CacheInterceptor。
咱們知道爲了節省流量和提升響應速度,Okhttp是有本身的一套緩存機制的,CacheInterceptor就是用來負責讀取緩存以及更新緩存的。
public final class CacheInterceptor implements Interceptor {
@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
//1. 讀取候選緩存,具體如何讀取的咱們下面會講。
Response cacheCandidate = cache != null
? cache.get(chain.request())
: null;
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
//2. 建立緩存策略,強制緩存、對比緩存等,關於緩存策略咱們下面也會講。
CacheStrategy strategy = new CacheStrategy.Factory(now, chain.request(), cacheCandidate).get();
Request networkRequest = strategy.networkRequest;
Response cacheResponse = strategy.cacheResponse;
if (cache != null) {
cache.trackResponse(strategy);
}
if (cacheCandidate != null && cacheResponse == null) {
closeQuietly(cacheCandidate.body());
}
//3. 根據策略,不使用網絡,又沒有緩存的直接報錯,並返回錯誤碼504。
if (networkRequest == null && cacheResponse == null) {
return new Response.Builder()
.request(chain.request())
.protocol(Protocol.HTTP_1_1)
.code(504)
.message("Unsatisfiable Request (only-if-cached)")
.body(Util.EMPTY_RESPONSE)
.sentRequestAtMillis(-1L)
.receivedResponseAtMillis(System.currentTimeMillis())
.build();
}
//4. 根據策略,不使用網絡,有緩存的直接返回。
if (networkRequest == null) {
return cacheResponse.newBuilder()
.cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))
.build();
}
Response networkResponse = null;
try {
//5. 前面兩個都沒有返回,繼續執行下一個Interceptor,即ConnectInterceptor。
networkResponse = chain.proceed(networkRequest);
} finally {
//若是發生IO異常,則釋放掉緩存
if (networkResponse == null && cacheCandidate != null) {
closeQuietly(cacheCandidate.body());
}
}
//6. 接收到網絡結果,若是響應code式304,則使用緩存,返回緩存結果。
if (cacheResponse != null) {
if (networkResponse.code() == HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED) {
Response response = cacheResponse.newBuilder()
.headers(combine(cacheResponse.headers(), networkResponse.headers()))
.sentRequestAtMillis(networkResponse.sentRequestAtMillis())
.receivedResponseAtMillis(networkResponse.receivedResponseAtMillis())
.cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))
.networkResponse(stripBody(networkResponse))
.build();
networkResponse.body().close();
cache.trackConditionalCacheHit();
cache.update(cacheResponse, response);
return response;
} else {
closeQuietly(cacheResponse.body());
}
}
//7. 讀取網絡結果。
Response response = networkResponse.newBuilder()
.cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))
.networkResponse(stripBody(networkResponse))
.build();
//8. 對數據進行緩存。
if (cache != null) {
if (HttpHeaders.hasBody(response) && CacheStrategy.isCacheable(response, networkRequest)) {
// Offer this request to the cache.
CacheRequest cacheRequest = cache.put(response);
return cacheWritingResponse(cacheRequest, response);
}
if (HttpMethod.invalidatesCache(networkRequest.method())) {
try {
cache.remove(networkRequest);
} catch (IOException ignored) {
// The cache cannot be written.
}
}
}
//9. 返回網絡讀取的結果。
return response;
}
}
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整個方法的流程以下所示:
咱們再接着來看ConnectInterceptor。
在RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor裏初始化了一個StreamAllocation對象,咱們說在這個StreamAllocation對象裏初始化了一個Socket對象用來作鏈接,可是並無 真正的鏈接,等處處理完hader和緩存信息以後,才調用ConnectInterceptor來進行真正的鏈接
public final class ConnectInterceptor implements Interceptor {
@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
RealInterceptorChain realChain = (RealInterceptorChain) chain;
Request request = realChain.request();
StreamAllocation streamAllocation = realChain.streamAllocation();
boolean doExtensiveHealthChecks = !request.method().equals("GET");
//建立輸出流
HttpCodec httpCodec = streamAllocation.newStream(client, doExtensiveHealthChecks);
//創建鏈接
RealConnection connection = streamAllocation.connection();
return realChain.proceed(request, streamAllocation, httpCodec, connection);
}
}
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ConnectInterceptor在Request階段創建鏈接,處理方式也很簡單,建立了兩個對象:
這裏事實上包含了鏈接、鏈接池等一整套的Okhttp的鏈接機制,咱們放在下面單獨講,先來繼續看最後一個Interceptor:CallServerInterceptor。
CallServerInterceptor負責從服務器讀取響應的數據。
public final class CallServerInterceptor implements Interceptor {
@Override public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
//這些對象在前面的Interceptor都已經建立完畢
RealInterceptorChain realChain = (RealInterceptorChain) chain;
HttpCodec httpCodec = realChain.httpStream();
StreamAllocation streamAllocation = realChain.streamAllocation();
RealConnection connection = (RealConnection) realChain.connection();
Request request = realChain.request();
long sentRequestMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
//1. 寫入請求頭
httpCodec.writeRequestHeaders(request);
Response.Builder responseBuilder = null;
if (HttpMethod.permitsRequestBody(request.method()) && request.body() != null) {
// If there's a "Expect: 100-continue" header on the request, wait for a "HTTP/1.1 100
// Continue" response before transmitting the request body. If we don't get that, return what
// we did get (such as a 4xx response) without ever transmitting the request body.
if ("100-continue".equalsIgnoreCase(request.header("Expect"))) {
httpCodec.flushRequest();
responseBuilder = httpCodec.readResponseHeaders(true);
}
//2 寫入請求體
if (responseBuilder == null) {
// Write the request body if the "Expect: 100-continue" expectation was met.
Sink requestBodyOut = httpCodec.createRequestBody(request, request.body().contentLength());
BufferedSink bufferedRequestBody = Okio.buffer(requestBodyOut);
request.body().writeTo(bufferedRequestBody);
bufferedRequestBody.close();
} else if (!connection.isMultiplexed()) {
// If the "Expect: 100-continue" expectation wasn't met, prevent the HTTP/1 connection from
// being reused. Otherwise we're still obligated to transmit the request body to leave the
// connection in a consistent state.
streamAllocation.noNewStreams();
}
}
httpCodec.finishRequest();
//3 讀取響應頭
if (responseBuilder == null) {
responseBuilder = httpCodec.readResponseHeaders(false);
}
Response response = responseBuilder
.request(request)
.handshake(streamAllocation.connection().handshake())
.sentRequestAtMillis(sentRequestMillis)
.receivedResponseAtMillis(System.currentTimeMillis())
.build();
//4 讀取響應體
int code = response.code();
if (forWebSocket && code == 101) {
// Connection is upgrading, but we need to ensure interceptors see a non-null response body.
response = response.newBuilder()
.body(Util.EMPTY_RESPONSE)
.build();
} else {
response = response.newBuilder()
.body(httpCodec.openResponseBody(response))
.build();
}
if ("close".equalsIgnoreCase(response.request().header("Connection"))
|| "close".equalsIgnoreCase(response.header("Connection"))) {
streamAllocation.noNewStreams();
}
if ((code == 204 || code == 205) && response.body().contentLength() > 0) {
throw new ProtocolException(
"HTTP " + code + " had non-zero Content-Length: " + response.body().contentLength());
}
return response;
}
}
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咱們經過ConnectInterceptor已經鏈接到服務器了,接下來咱們就是寫入請求數據以及讀出返回數據了。整個流程:
這篇文章就到這裏,後續的文章咱們會來分析Okhttp的緩存機制、鏈接機制、編輯嗎機制等實現。
鏈接的建立是在StreamAllocation對象統籌下完成的,咱們前面也說過它早在RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor就被建立了,StreamAllocation對象 主要用來管理兩個關鍵角色:
在裏初始化了一個StreamAllocation對象,咱們說在這個StreamAllocation對象裏初始化了一個Socket對象用來作鏈接,可是並無
咱們在前面的ConnectInterceptor分析中已經說過,onnectInterceptor用來完成鏈接。而真正的鏈接在RealConnect中實現,鏈接由鏈接池ConnectPool來管理,鏈接池最多保 持5個地址的鏈接keep-alive,每一個keep-alive時長爲5分鐘,並有異步線程清理無效的鏈接。
主要由如下兩個方法完成:
咱們來具體的看一看。
StreamAllocation.newStream()最終調動findConnect()方法來創建鏈接。
public final class StreamAllocation {
/** * Returns a connection to host a new stream. This prefers the existing connection if it exists, * then the pool, finally building a new connection. */
private RealConnection findConnection(int connectTimeout, int readTimeout, int writeTimeout, boolean connectionRetryEnabled) throws IOException {
Route selectedRoute;
synchronized (connectionPool) {
if (released) throw new IllegalStateException("released");
if (codec != null) throw new IllegalStateException("codec != null");
if (canceled) throw new IOException("Canceled");
//1 查看是否有無缺的鏈接
RealConnection allocatedConnection = this.connection;
if (allocatedConnection != null && !allocatedConnection.noNewStreams) {
return allocatedConnection;
}
//2 鏈接池中是否用可用的鏈接,有則使用
Internal.instance.get(connectionPool, address, this, null);
if (connection != null) {
return connection;
}
selectedRoute = route;
}
//線程的選擇,多IP操做
if (selectedRoute == null) {
selectedRoute = routeSelector.next();
}
//3 若是沒有可用鏈接,則本身建立一個
RealConnection result;
synchronized (connectionPool) {
if (canceled) throw new IOException("Canceled");
// Now that we have an IP address, make another attempt at getting a connection from the pool.
// This could match due to connection coalescing.
Internal.instance.get(connectionPool, address, this, selectedRoute);
if (connection != null) {
route = selectedRoute;
return connection;
}
// Create a connection and assign it to this allocation immediately. This makes it possible
// for an asynchronous cancel() to interrupt the handshake we're about to do.
route = selectedRoute;
refusedStreamCount = 0;
result = new RealConnection(connectionPool, selectedRoute);
acquire(result);
}
//4 開始TCP以及TLS握手操做
result.connect(connectTimeout, readTimeout, writeTimeout, connectionRetryEnabled);
routeDatabase().connected(result.route());
//5 將新建立的鏈接,放在鏈接池中
Socket socket = null;
synchronized (connectionPool) {
// Pool the connection.
Internal.instance.put(connectionPool, result);
// If another multiplexed connection to the same address was created concurrently, then
// release this connection and acquire that one.
if (result.isMultiplexed()) {
socket = Internal.instance.deduplicate(connectionPool, address, this);
result = connection;
}
}
closeQuietly(socket);
return result;
}
}
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整個流程以下:
上述方法完成後會建立一個RealConnection對象,而後調用該方法的connect()方法創建鏈接,咱們再來看看RealConnection.connect()方法的實現。
public final class RealConnection extends Http2Connection.Listener implements Connection {
public void connect( int connectTimeout, int readTimeout, int writeTimeout, boolean connectionRetryEnabled) {
if (protocol != null) throw new IllegalStateException("already connected");
//線路選擇
RouteException routeException = null;
List<ConnectionSpec> connectionSpecs = route.address().connectionSpecs();
ConnectionSpecSelector connectionSpecSelector = new ConnectionSpecSelector(connectionSpecs);
if (route.address().sslSocketFactory() == null) {
if (!connectionSpecs.contains(ConnectionSpec.CLEARTEXT)) {
throw new RouteException(new UnknownServiceException(
"CLEARTEXT communication not enabled for client"));
}
String host = route.address().url().host();
if (!Platform.get().isCleartextTrafficPermitted(host)) {
throw new RouteException(new UnknownServiceException(
"CLEARTEXT communication to " + host + " not permitted by network security policy"));
}
}
//開始鏈接
while (true) {
try {
//若是是通道模式,則創建通道鏈接
if (route.requiresTunnel()) {
connectTunnel(connectTimeout, readTimeout, writeTimeout);
}
//不然進行Socket鏈接,通常都是屬於這種狀況
else {
connectSocket(connectTimeout, readTimeout);
}
//創建https鏈接
establishProtocol(connectionSpecSelector);
break;
} catch (IOException e) {
closeQuietly(socket);
closeQuietly(rawSocket);
socket = null;
rawSocket = null;
source = null;
sink = null;
handshake = null;
protocol = null;
http2Connection = null;
if (routeException == null) {
routeException = new RouteException(e);
} else {
routeException.addConnectException(e);
}
if (!connectionRetryEnabled || !connectionSpecSelector.connectionFailed(e)) {
throw routeException;
}
}
}
if (http2Connection != null) {
synchronized (connectionPool) {
allocationLimit = http2Connection.maxConcurrentStreams();
}
}
}
/** Does all the work necessary to build a full HTTP or HTTPS connection on a raw socket. */
private void connectSocket(int connectTimeout, int readTimeout) throws IOException {
Proxy proxy = route.proxy();
Address address = route.address();
//根據代理類型的不一樣處理Socket
rawSocket = proxy.type() == Proxy.Type.DIRECT || proxy.type() == Proxy.Type.HTTP
? address.socketFactory().createSocket()
: new Socket(proxy);
rawSocket.setSoTimeout(readTimeout);
try {
//創建Socket鏈接
Platform.get().connectSocket(rawSocket, route.socketAddress(), connectTimeout);
} catch (ConnectException e) {
ConnectException ce = new ConnectException("Failed to connect to " + route.socketAddress());
ce.initCause(e);
throw ce;
}
// The following try/catch block is a pseudo hacky way to get around a crash on Android 7.0
// More details:
// https://github.com/square/okhttp/issues/3245
// https://android-review.googlesource.com/#/c/271775/
try {
//獲取輸入/輸出流
source = Okio.buffer(Okio.source(rawSocket));
sink = Okio.buffer(Okio.sink(rawSocket));
} catch (NullPointerException npe) {
if (NPE_THROW_WITH_NULL.equals(npe.getMessage())) {
throw new IOException(npe);
}
}
}
}
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最終調用Java裏的套接字Socket裏的connect()方法。
咱們知道在負責的網絡環境下,頻繁的進行創建Sokcet鏈接(TCP三次握手)和斷開Socket(TCP四次分手)是很是消耗網絡資源和浪費時間的,HTTP中的keepalive鏈接對於 下降延遲和提高速度有很是重要的做用。
複用鏈接就須要對鏈接進行管理,這裏就引入了鏈接池的概念。
Okhttp支持5個併發KeepAlive,默認鏈路生命爲5分鐘(鏈路空閒後,保持存活的時間),鏈接池有ConectionPool實現,對鏈接進行回收和管理。
ConectionPool在內部維護了一個線程池,來清理鏈接,以下所示:
public final class ConnectionPool {
private static final Executor executor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(0 /* corePoolSize */,
Integer.MAX_VALUE /* maximumPoolSize */, 60L /* keepAliveTime */, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
new SynchronousQueue<Runnable>(), Util.threadFactory("OkHttp ConnectionPool", true));
//清理鏈接,在線程池executor裏調用。
private final Runnable cleanupRunnable = new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
while (true) {
//執行清理,並返回下次須要清理的時間。
long waitNanos = cleanup(System.nanoTime());
if (waitNanos == -1) return;
if (waitNanos > 0) {
long waitMillis = waitNanos / 1000000L;
waitNanos -= (waitMillis * 1000000L);
synchronized (ConnectionPool.this) {
try {
//在timeout時間內釋放鎖
ConnectionPool.this.wait(waitMillis, (int) waitNanos);
} catch (InterruptedException ignored) {
}
}
}
}
}
};
}
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ConectionPool在內部維護了一個線程池,來清理連,清理任務由cleanup()方法完成,它是一個阻塞操做,首先執行清理,並返回下次須要清理的間隔時間,調用調用wait() 方法釋放鎖。等時間到了之後,再次進行清理,並返回下一次須要清理的時間,循環往復。
咱們來看一看cleanup()方法的具體實現。
public final class ConnectionPool {
long cleanup(long now) {
int inUseConnectionCount = 0;
int idleConnectionCount = 0;
RealConnection longestIdleConnection = null;
long longestIdleDurationNs = Long.MIN_VALUE;
synchronized (this) {
//遍歷全部的鏈接,標記處不活躍的鏈接。
for (Iterator<RealConnection> i = connections.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
RealConnection connection = i.next();
//1. 查詢此鏈接內部的StreanAllocation的引用數量。
if (pruneAndGetAllocationCount(connection, now) > 0) {
inUseConnectionCount++;
continue;
}
idleConnectionCount++;
//2. 標記空閒鏈接。
long idleDurationNs = now - connection.idleAtNanos;
if (idleDurationNs > longestIdleDurationNs) {
longestIdleDurationNs = idleDurationNs;
longestIdleConnection = connection;
}
}
if (longestIdleDurationNs >= this.keepAliveDurationNs
|| idleConnectionCount > this.maxIdleConnections) {
//3. 若是空閒鏈接超過5個或者keepalive時間大於5分鐘,則將該鏈接清理掉。
connections.remove(longestIdleConnection);
} else if (idleConnectionCount > 0) {
//4. 返回此鏈接的到期時間,供下次進行清理。
return keepAliveDurationNs - longestIdleDurationNs;
} else if (inUseConnectionCount > 0) {
//5. 所有都是活躍鏈接,5分鐘時候再進行清理。
return keepAliveDurationNs;
} else {
//6. 沒有任何鏈接,跳出循環。
cleanupRunning = false;
return -1;
}
}
//7. 關閉鏈接,返回時間0,當即再次進行清理。
closeQuietly(longestIdleConnection.socket());
return 0;
}
}
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整個方法的流程以下所示:
在RealConnection裏有個StreamAllocation虛引用列表,每建立一個StreamAllocation,就會把它添加進該列表中,若是留關閉之後就將StreamAllocation 對象從該列表中移除,正是利用利用這種引用計數的方式斷定一個鏈接是否爲空閒鏈接,
public final List<Reference<StreamAllocation>> allocations = new ArrayList<>();
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查找引用計數由pruneAndGetAllocationCount()方法實現,具體實現以下所示:
public final class ConnectionPool {
private int pruneAndGetAllocationCount(RealConnection connection, long now) {
//虛引用列表
List<Reference<StreamAllocation>> references = connection.allocations;
//遍歷虛引用列表
for (int i = 0; i < references.size(); ) {
Reference<StreamAllocation> reference = references.get(i);
//若是虛引用StreamAllocation正在被使用,則跳過進行下一次循環,
if (reference.get() != null) {
//引用計數
i++;
continue;
}
// We've discovered a leaked allocation. This is an application bug.
StreamAllocation.StreamAllocationReference streamAllocRef =
(StreamAllocation.StreamAllocationReference) reference;
String message = "A connection to " + connection.route().address().url()
+ " was leaked. Did you forget to close a response body?";
Platform.get().logCloseableLeak(message, streamAllocRef.callStackTrace);
//不然移除該StreamAllocation引用
references.remove(i);
connection.noNewStreams = true;
// 若是全部的StreamAllocation引用都沒有了,返回引用計數0
if (references.isEmpty()) {
connection.idleAtNanos = now - keepAliveDurationNs;
return 0;
}
}
//返回引用列表的大小,做爲引用計數
return references.size();
}
}
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在分析Okhttp的緩存機制以前,咱們先來回顧一下HTTP與緩存相關的理論知識,這是實現Okhttp機制的基礎。
HTTP的緩存機制也是依賴於請求和響應header裏的參數類實現的,最終響應式從緩存中去,仍是從服務端從新拉取,HTTP的緩存機制的流程以下所示:
👉 點擊圖片查看大圖
HTTP的緩存能夠分爲兩種:
強制緩存優先於對比緩存。
上面提到強制緩存使用的的兩個標識:
Cache-Control的取值有如下幾種:
咱們再來看看對比緩存的兩個標識:
Last-Modified/If-Modified-Since
Last-Modified 表示資源上次修改的時間。
當客戶端發送第一次請求時,服務端返回資源上次修改的時間:
Last-Modified: Tue, 12 Jan 2016 09:31:27 GMT
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客戶端再次發送,會在header裏攜帶If-Modified-Since。將上次服務端返回的資源時間上傳給服務端。
If-Modified-Since: Tue, 12 Jan 2016 09:31:27 GMT
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服務端接收到客戶端發來的資源修改時間,與本身當前的資源修改時間進行對比,若是本身的資源修改時間大於客戶端發來的資源修改時間,則說明資源作過修改, 則返回200表示須要從新請求資源,不然返回304表示資源沒有被修改,能夠繼續使用緩存。
上面是一種時間戳標記資源是否修改的方法,還有一種資源標識碼ETag的方式來標記是否修改,若是標識碼發生改變,則說明資源已經被修改,ETag優先級高於Last-Modified。
Etag/If-None-Match
ETag是資源文件的一種標識碼,當客戶端發送第一次請求時,服務端會返回當前資源的標識碼:
ETag: "5694c7ef-24dc"
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客戶端再次發送,會在header裏攜帶上次服務端返回的資源標識碼:
If-None-Match:"5694c7ef-24dc"
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服務端接收到客戶端發來的資源標識碼,則會與本身當前的資源嗎進行比較,若是不一樣,則說明資源已經被修改,則返回200,若是相同則說明資源沒有被修改,返回 304,客戶端能夠繼續使用緩存。
以上即是HTTP緩存策略的相關理論知識,咱們來看看具體實現。
Okhttp的緩存策略就是根據上述流程圖實現的,具體的實現類是CacheStrategy,CacheStrategy的構造函數裏有兩個參數:
CacheStrategy(Request networkRequest, Response cacheResponse) {
this.networkRequest = networkRequest;
this.cacheResponse = cacheResponse;
}
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這兩個參數參數的含義以下:
CacheStrategy就是利用這兩個參數生成最終的策略,有點像map操做,將networkRequest與cacheResponse這兩個值輸入,處理以後再將這兩個值輸出,們的組合結果以下所示:
那麼這四種狀況是如何斷定的,咱們來看一下。
CacheStrategy是利用Factory模式進行構造的,CacheStrategy.Factory對象構建之後,調用它的get()方法便可得到具體的CacheStrategy,CacheStrategy.Factory.get()方法內部 調用的是CacheStrategy.Factory.getCandidate()方法,它是核心的實現。
以下所示:
public static class Factory {
private CacheStrategy getCandidate() {
//1. 若是緩存沒有命中,就直接進行網絡請求。
if (cacheResponse == null) {
return new CacheStrategy(request, null);
}
//2. 若是TLS握手信息丟失,則返回直接進行鏈接。
if (request.isHttps() && cacheResponse.handshake() == null) {
return new CacheStrategy(request, null);
}
//3. 根據response狀態碼,Expired時間和是否有no-cache標籤就行判斷是否進行直接訪問。
if (!isCacheable(cacheResponse, request)) {
return new CacheStrategy(request, null);
}
//4. 若是請求header裏有"no-cache"或者右條件GET請求(header裏帶有ETag/Since標籤),則直接鏈接。
CacheControl requestCaching = request.cacheControl();
if (requestCaching.noCache() || hasConditions(request)) {
return new CacheStrategy(request, null);
}
CacheControl responseCaching = cacheResponse.cacheControl();
if (responseCaching.immutable()) {
return new CacheStrategy(null, cacheResponse);
}
//計算當前age的時間戳:now - sent + age
long ageMillis = cacheResponseAge();
//刷新時間,通常服務器設置爲max-age
long freshMillis = computeFreshnessLifetime();
if (requestCaching.maxAgeSeconds() != -1) {
//通常取max-age
freshMillis = Math.min(freshMillis, SECONDS.toMillis(requestCaching.maxAgeSeconds()));
}
long minFreshMillis = 0;
if (requestCaching.minFreshSeconds() != -1) {
//通常取0
minFreshMillis = SECONDS.toMillis(requestCaching.minFreshSeconds());
}
long maxStaleMillis = 0;
if (!responseCaching.mustRevalidate() && requestCaching.maxStaleSeconds() != -1) {
maxStaleMillis = SECONDS.toMillis(requestCaching.maxStaleSeconds());
}
//5. 若是緩存在過時時間內則能夠直接使用,則直接返回上次緩存。
if (!responseCaching.noCache() && ageMillis + minFreshMillis < freshMillis + maxStaleMillis) {
Response.Builder builder = cacheResponse.newBuilder();
if (ageMillis + minFreshMillis >= freshMillis) {
builder.addHeader("Warning", "110 HttpURLConnection \"Response is stale\"");
}
long oneDayMillis = 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000L;
if (ageMillis > oneDayMillis && isFreshnessLifetimeHeuristic()) {
builder.addHeader("Warning", "113 HttpURLConnection \"Heuristic expiration\"");
}
return new CacheStrategy(null, builder.build());
}
//6. 若是緩存過時,且有ETag等信息,則發送If-None-Match、If-Modified-Since、If-Modified-Since等條件請求
//交給服務端判斷處理
String conditionName;
String conditionValue;
if (etag != null) {
conditionName = "If-None-Match";
conditionValue = etag;
} else if (lastModified != null) {
conditionName = "If-Modified-Since";
conditionValue = lastModifiedString;
} else if (servedDate != null) {
conditionName = "If-Modified-Since";
conditionValue = servedDateString;
} else {
return new CacheStrategy(request, null); // No condition! Make a regular request.
}
Headers.Builder conditionalRequestHeaders = request.headers().newBuilder();
Internal.instance.addLenient(conditionalRequestHeaders, conditionName, conditionValue);
Request conditionalRequest = request.newBuilder()
.headers(conditionalRequestHeaders.build())
.build();
return new CacheStrategy(conditionalRequest, cacheResponse);
}
}
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整個函數的邏輯就是按照上面那個HTTP緩存斷定流程圖來實現,具體流程以下所示:
整個流程就是這樣,另外說一點,Okhttp的緩存是根據服務器header自動的完成的,整個流程也是根據RFC文檔寫死的,客戶端沒必要要進行手動控制。
理解了緩存策略,咱們來看看緩存在磁盤上是如何被管理的。
這篇文章咱們來分析Okhttp的緩存機制,緩存機制是基於DiskLruCache作的。Cache類封裝了緩存的實現,實現了InternalCache接口。
InternalCache接口以下所示:
InternalCache
public interface InternalCache {
//獲取緩存
Response get(Request request) throws IOException;
//存入緩存
CacheRequest put(Response response) throws IOException;
//移除緩存
void remove(Request request) throws IOException;
//更新緩存
void update(Response cached, Response network);
//跟蹤一個知足緩存條件的GET請求
void trackConditionalCacheHit();
//跟蹤知足緩存策略CacheStrategy的響應
void trackResponse(CacheStrategy cacheStrategy);
}
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咱們接着來看看它的實現類。
Cache沒有直接實現InternalCache這個接口,而是在其內部實現了InternalCache的匿名內部類,內部類的方法調用Cache對應的方法,以下所示:
final InternalCache internalCache = new InternalCache() {
@Override public Response get(Request request) throws IOException {
return Cache.this.get(request);
}
@Override public CacheRequest put(Response response) throws IOException {
return Cache.this.put(response);
}
@Override public void remove(Request request) throws IOException {
Cache.this.remove(request);
}
@Override public void update(Response cached, Response network) {
Cache.this.update(cached, network);
}
@Override public void trackConditionalCacheHit() {
Cache.this.trackConditionalCacheHit();
}
@Override public void trackResponse(CacheStrategy cacheStrategy) {
Cache.this.trackResponse(cacheStrategy);
}
};
InternalCache internalCache() {
return cache != null ? cache.internalCache : internalCache;
}
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` 在Cache類裏還定義一些內部類,這些類封裝了請求與響應信息。
除了兩個類之外,Okhttp還封裝了一個文件系統類FileSystem類,這個類利用Okio這個庫對Java的FIle操做進行了一層封裝,簡化了IO操做。理解了這些剩下的就是DiskLruCahe裏的插入緩存 、獲取緩存和刪除緩存的操做。
關於這一部分的內容,能夠參考咱們以前寫的內容07Android開源框架源碼分析:LruCache與DiskLruCache 。
好了,到這裏關於Okhttp的所有內容就都講完了,能夠說Okhttp是設計很是優良的一個庫,有不少值得咱們學習的地方,下一篇咱們來分析它的好搭檔Retrofit。