在使用java + httpClient施行API自動化時,不可避免地遇到了以下問題:java
1. 用Http Response數據作斷言;json
2. 用上一個請求的Response內容,做爲下一個請求的參數;post
若是用jmeter來作的話,首選固然是BeanShell。然而,當須要本身寫的時候(經過java + httpClient),在此我用到了FastJson。url
1. 以一個Post請求爲例,代碼以下:spa
1 public CloseableHttpResponse post(String url , String entityString , HashMap<String , String> headermap) 2 throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { 3 //建立一個可關閉的 httpClient對象 4 CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); 5 //建立一個HttpPost的請求對象 6 HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url); 7 //設置payload 8 httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(entityString)); 9 //加載請求頭到HttpPost對象 10 for (Map.Entry<String , String> entry : headermap.entrySet()) { 11 httpPost.addHeader(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); 12 } 13 //發送post請求 14 CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost); 15 return httpResponse; 16 }
2. 發送Post請求後,咱們會獲得一個CloseableHttpResponse。接下來,咱們提取狀態碼(status):code
1 int statusCode = closeableHttpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
3. 提取返回實體(httpEntity):對象
1 HttpEntity entity = closeableHttpResponse.getEntity(); 2 System.out.println(entity);
此時的輸出結果爲:blog
4. HttpEntity 轉化爲 String:字符串
1 String responseEntity = EntityUtils.toString(entity); 2 System.out.println(responseEntity);
此時的輸出結果爲String格式,提取code、message等值,只能經過字符串截取:get
5. String 轉化爲 JsonObject:
1 JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(responseEntity); 2 System.out.println(jsonObject);
此時的輸出結果爲JsonObject格式:
6. 提取code、message的值:
1 String responseCode = jsonObject.getString("code"); 2 String responseMessage = jsonObject.getString("message");
7. 提取orderId:
1 //因爲info的值是json格式(或可理解爲key-value集合),提取info的值爲JSONObject格式 2 JSONObject infoObject = jsonObject.getJSONObject("info"); 3 //重複步驟6,提取orderId 4 String orderId= jsonObject.getString("orderId"); 5 //或經過將infoObject轉化爲HashMap,再進行提取orderId 6 HashMap<String, Object> info = new HashMap<String, Object>(); 7 info = JSON.parseObject(String.valueOf(infoObject), new TypeReference<HashMap<String, Object>>() {}); 8 String orderId = info.get("orderId").toString();