kingshard SQL黑名單功能介紹

kingshard SQL黑名單功能介紹

1. 應用場景介紹

在kingshard開源以後,有用戶屢次提到能不能在kingshard中加入SQL黑名單機制,讓kingshard可以根據特定的規則來攔截在黑名單中的SQL。有幾個比較典型的應用場景:前端

  1. DBA定義一些比較危險的SQL,放在SQL黑名單文件中。能夠避免前端應用發過來的SQL對數據庫形成危害。這種SQL有多是開發者粗心編寫的,也有多是被SQL注入生成的SQL。例如:delete from mytable,這種不帶where條件的SQL,會把整個表刪除。mysql

  2. 在kingshard項目上線後,經過log發現存在大量某條SQL給DB形成了很大的壓力。這時候能夠動態地將這條SQL加入黑名單,阻止該SQL的執行,從而使數據庫壓力下降。例如:select count(*) from mytable where xxxx,這類SQL若是沒有優化得當,是很容易形成系統的IO太高的。正則表達式

2. 功能介紹

在kingshard若是想使用SQL黑名單功能,只須要在配置中添加:sql

blacklist_sql_file: /Users/flike/blacklist

而後咱們在blacklist定義SQL黑名單,這樣kingshard在轉發的時候,就會阻止黑名單中SQL的轉發。數據庫

黑名單SQL以正則表達式的形式定義。對於SQL中的值用??+代替。爲保證黑名單有效,最好手動驗證一下,kingshard是否正確攔截了黑名單中的SQL。定義規則(上一條是原SQL,對應的下一條是黑名單形式的SQL)能夠參考下列例子:性能

SELECT c FROM t WHERE id=1
select c from t where id=?

SELECT * FROM prices.rt_5min where id=1
select * from prices.rt_5min where id=?

select null, 5.001, 5001. from foo
select ?, ?, ? from foo

select 'hello', '\nhello\n', \"hello\", '\\'' from foo
select ?, ?, ?, ? from foo

select 'hello'\n
select ?

select * from t where (base.nid IN  ('1412', '1410', '1411'))
select * from t where (base.nid in(?+))

select * from foo where a in (5) and b in (5, 8,9 ,9 , 10)
select * from foo where a in(?+) and b in(?+)

select * from foo limit 5
select * from foo limit ?

select * from foo limit 5, 10
select * from foo limit ?, ?

select * from foo limit 5 offset 10
select * from foo limit ? offset ?

INSERT INTO t (ts) VALUES (NOW())
insert into t (ts) values(?+)

insert into foo(a, b, c) values(2, 4, 5)
insert into foo(a, b, c) values(?+)

CALL foo(1, 2, 3)
call foo

LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/foo.txt' INTO db.tbl
load data infile ? into db.tbl

administrator command: Init DB
administrator command: Init DB

use `foo`
use ?

3.功能演示

在blacklist加入以下SQL:測試

select count(*) from test_shard_hash where id > ?
select count(*) from test_shard_range
SELECT * FROM WORLD
DELETE FROM WORLD

鏈接kingshard,執行SQL顯示以下:優化

mysql> select * from world;
ERROR 1105 (HY000): sql in blacklist.
mysql> select * from world where a > 0;
+------+------+
| a    | b    |
+------+------+
|   10 |   23 |
|   45 |  565 |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from world;
ERROR 1105 (HY000): sql in blacklist.
mysql> delete from world where a =10;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
#注意在SQL黑名單中該SQL是大於後面有個空格,必需要嚴格匹配,不然#kingshard不會認爲是黑名單SQL
mysql> select count(*) from test_shard_hash where id >1;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|       24 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)

mysql> select count(*) from test_shard_hash where id > 1;
ERROR 1105 (HY000): sql in blacklist.

用sysbench測試了一下存在blacklist時kingshad的性能,發現性能並無明顯降低,因此能夠放心使用該功能。code

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