單臂路由
單臂路由
目標：經過路由器進行多個VLAN互聯
環境：1. 交換機爲二層交換機，支持VLAN劃分；2. 路由器只有1個Ethernet接口
實施：採用單臂路由，即在路由器上設置多個邏輯子接口，每一個子接口對應於一個VLAN。因爲物理路由接口只有一個，各子接口的數據在物理鏈路上傳遞要進行標記封裝。Cisco設備支持ISL和802.1q協議。華爲設備只支持802.1q。
單臂路由的配置實例
2600 IOS需求：IP Plus (c2600-ik8s-mz-122.15.T.bin)
Current configuration:
!
version 12.1
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname c2600
!
no logging console
enable password mysecret
!
!
!
!
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/0.1
encapsulation isl 1
ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
no ip redirects
!
!-- If 802.1Q is configured,
!-- you will instead see the following output
!-- under interface FastEthernet0/0.1:
!-- interface FastEthernet0/0.1
!-- encapsulation dot1Q 1 native
!-- ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0.2
encapsulation isl 2
ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0
no ip redirects
!
!-- If 802.1Q is configured,
!-- you will instead see the following output
!-- under interface FastEthernet0/0.2:
!-- interface FastEthernet0/0.2
!-- encapsulation dot1Q 2
!-- ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
ip classless
no ip http server
!
!
!
line con 0
transport input none
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password mysecret
login
!
no scheduler allocate
end
華爲路由器單臂路由
需求:在局域網中,經過交換機上配置VLAN能夠減小主機通訊廣播域的範圍,當VLAN之間有部分主機須要通訊,但交換機不支持三層交換時,能夠採用一臺 支持802.1Q的路由器實現VLAN的互通.這須要在以太口上創建子接口,分配IP地址做爲該VLAN的網關,同時啓動802.1Q.
組網:路由器E0端口與交換機的上行trunk端口(第24端口)相連,交換機下行口劃分3個VLAN,帶若干主機.
1.路由器的配置
[Router]
[Router]inter e0
[Router-Ethernet0]ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
[Router-Ethernet0]inter e0.1 //定義子接口E0.1
[Router-Ethernet0.1]ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
[Router-Ethernet0.1]vlan-type dot1q vid 1 //指定以太網子接口屬於VLAN1,此命令應用在以太網子接口上。只有配置了該命令以後，以太網子接口才會根據配置的VLAN ID 號在以太網幀頭中嵌入VLAN 標籤，與該網口相連的交換機接口才能正確處理接收到的幀。
[Router-Ethernet0.1]inter e0.2 //定義子接口E0.2
[Router-Ethernet0.2]ip add 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
[Router-Ethernet0.2]vlan-type dot1q vid 2 //指定以太網子接口屬於VLAN2
[Router-Ethernet0.2]inter e0.3 //定義子接口E0.3
[Router-Ethernet0.3]ip add 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
[Router-Ethernet0.3]vlan-type dot1q vid 3 //指定以太網子接口屬於VLAN3
[Router-Ethernet0.3]inter e0
[Router-Ethernet0]undo shut
% Interface Ethernet0 is up
[Router-Ethernet0] //用網線將E0端口連到S3026第24端口
%19:46:32: Interface Ethernet0 changed state to UP
%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0, changed state to UP
%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.1, changed state to UP
%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.2, changed state to UP
%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.3, changed state to UP
2.交換機的配置
<Quidway>
<Quidway>sys
Enter system view , return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Quidway]vlan 1
[Quidway-vlan1]vlan 2
[Quidway-vlan2]port ethernet 0/17 to eth 0/19 eth 0/22 //將第17至19端口，和第22端口加入VLAN2
[Quidway-vlan2]vlan 3
[Quidway-vlan3]port eth 0/21 //將第21端口加入VLAN2
[Quidway-vlan3]inter e0/24
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]port link-type trunk //將第24端口設爲trunk口
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]port trunk permit vlan all //容許全部VLAN流量經過
Please wait........................................... Done.
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis port trunk //檢驗TRUNK口配置
Now, the following trunking ports exist:
Ethernet0/24
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis vlan 2 //檢驗VLAN2的配置
VLAN ID: 2
VLAN Type: static
Route Interface: not configured
Description: VLAN 0002
Tagged Ports:
Ethernet0/24
Untagged Ports:
Ethernet0/17 Ethernet0/18 Ethernet0/19 Ethernet0/22
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis vlan 3 //檢驗VLAN3的配置
VLAN ID: 3
VLAN Type: static
Route Interface: not configured
Description: VLAN 0003
Tagged Ports:
Ethernet0/24
Untagged Ports:
Ethernet0/21
3.在工做站上檢查網絡是否連通。此工做站鏈接S3026第21端口，屬於VLAN2。
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ipconfig
windows 2000 IP Configuration
Ethernet adapter 本地鏈接:
Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.2.22
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.2.1
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ping 172.16.3.1
Pinging 172.16.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for 172.16.3.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
4.在路由器上查看路由表。能夠發現，因爲172.16各網段都是直連路由，故不需啓用路由協議或靜態路由即能實現VLAN之間的通信。
[Router]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables:
Destination/Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface
10.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 10.0.0.1 Ethernet0
10.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
172.16.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.1.1 Ethernet0.1
172.16.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
172.16.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.2.1 Ethernet0.2
172.16.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
172.16.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.3.1 Ethernet0.3
172.16.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
環境：1. 交換機爲二層交換機，支持VLAN劃分；2. 路由器只有1個Ethernet接口
實施：採用單臂路由，即在路由器上設置多個邏輯子接口，每一個子接口對應於一個VLAN。因爲物理路由接口只有一個，各子接口的數據在物理鏈路上傳遞要進行標記封裝。Cisco設備支持ISL和802.1q協議。華爲設備只支持802.1q。
單臂路由的配置實例
2600 IOS需求：IP Plus (c2600-ik8s-mz-122.15.T.bin)
Current configuration:
!
version 12.1
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
no service password-encryption
!
hostname c2600
!
no logging console
enable password mysecret
!
!
!
!
!
ip subnet-zero
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
duplex auto
speed auto
!
interface FastEthernet0/0.1
encapsulation isl 1
ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
no ip redirects
!
!-- If 802.1Q is configured,
!-- you will instead see the following output
!-- under interface FastEthernet0/0.1:
!-- interface FastEthernet0/0.1
!-- encapsulation dot1Q 1 native
!-- ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
!
interface FastEthernet0/0.2
encapsulation isl 2
ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0
no ip redirects
!
!-- If 802.1Q is configured,
!-- you will instead see the following output
!-- under interface FastEthernet0/0.2:
!-- interface FastEthernet0/0.2
!-- encapsulation dot1Q 2
!-- ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
speed auto
!
ip classless
no ip http server
!
!
!
line con 0
transport input none
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password mysecret
login
!
no scheduler allocate
end
華爲路由器單臂路由
需求:在局域網中,經過交換機上配置VLAN能夠減小主機通訊廣播域的範圍,當VLAN之間有部分主機須要通訊,但交換機不支持三層交換時,能夠採用一臺 支持802.1Q的路由器實現VLAN的互通.這須要在以太口上創建子接口,分配IP地址做爲該VLAN的網關,同時啓動802.1Q.
組網:路由器E0端口與交換機的上行trunk端口(第24端口)相連,交換機下行口劃分3個VLAN,帶若干主機.
1.路由器的配置
[Router]
[Router]inter e0
[Router-Ethernet0]ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
[Router-Ethernet0]inter e0.1 //定義子接口E0.1
[Router-Ethernet0.1]ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
[Router-Ethernet0.1]vlan-type dot1q vid 1 //指定以太網子接口屬於VLAN1,此命令應用在以太網子接口上。只有配置了該命令以後，以太網子接口才會根據配置的VLAN ID 號在以太網幀頭中嵌入VLAN 標籤，與該網口相連的交換機接口才能正確處理接收到的幀。
[Router-Ethernet0.1]inter e0.2 //定義子接口E0.2
[Router-Ethernet0.2]ip add 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
[Router-Ethernet0.2]vlan-type dot1q vid 2 //指定以太網子接口屬於VLAN2
[Router-Ethernet0.2]inter e0.3 //定義子接口E0.3
[Router-Ethernet0.3]ip add 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
[Router-Ethernet0.3]vlan-type dot1q vid 3 //指定以太網子接口屬於VLAN3
[Router-Ethernet0.3]inter e0
[Router-Ethernet0]undo shut
% Interface Ethernet0 is up
[Router-Ethernet0] //用網線將E0端口連到S3026第24端口
%19:46:32: Interface Ethernet0 changed state to UP
%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0, changed state to UP
%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.1, changed state to UP
%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.2, changed state to UP
%19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.3, changed state to UP
2.交換機的配置
<Quidway>
<Quidway>sys
Enter system view , return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Quidway]vlan 1
[Quidway-vlan1]vlan 2
[Quidway-vlan2]port ethernet 0/17 to eth 0/19 eth 0/22 //將第17至19端口，和第22端口加入VLAN2
[Quidway-vlan2]vlan 3
[Quidway-vlan3]port eth 0/21 //將第21端口加入VLAN2
[Quidway-vlan3]inter e0/24
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]port link-type trunk //將第24端口設爲trunk口
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]port trunk permit vlan all //容許全部VLAN流量經過
Please wait........................................... Done.
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis port trunk //檢驗TRUNK口配置
Now, the following trunking ports exist:
Ethernet0/24
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis vlan 2 //檢驗VLAN2的配置
VLAN ID: 2
VLAN Type: static
Route Interface: not configured
Description: VLAN 0002
Tagged Ports:
Ethernet0/24
Untagged Ports:
Ethernet0/17 Ethernet0/18 Ethernet0/19 Ethernet0/22
[Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis vlan 3 //檢驗VLAN3的配置
VLAN ID: 3
VLAN Type: static
Route Interface: not configured
Description: VLAN 0003
Tagged Ports:
Ethernet0/24
Untagged Ports:
Ethernet0/21
3.在工做站上檢查網絡是否連通。此工做站鏈接S3026第21端口，屬於VLAN2。
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ipconfig
windows 2000 IP Configuration
Ethernet adapter 本地鏈接:
Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :
IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.2.22
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.2.1
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ping 172.16.3.1
Pinging 172.16.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for 172.16.3.1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
4.在路由器上查看路由表。能夠發現，因爲172.16各網段都是直連路由，故不需啓用路由協議或靜態路由即能實現VLAN之間的通信。
[Router]display ip routing-table
Routing Tables:
Destination/Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface
10.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 10.0.0.1 Ethernet0
10.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
172.16.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.1.1 Ethernet0.1
172.16.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
172.16.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.2.1 Ethernet0.2
172.16.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
172.16.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.3.1 Ethernet0.3
172.16.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
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相關文章
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