開發人員在開發網站註冊、登陸時常常須要用到短信驗證碼功能,下面小編就來詳細介紹一下如何集成這個功能。javascript
下面以使用榛子云短信爲例:css
1. 首先註冊一個榛子云帳號,註冊地址: http://sms_developer.zhenzikj.com/zhenzisms_user/register.htmlhtml
2. 註冊完畢後從我的登陸入口進入,地址:http://sms_developer.zhenzikj.com/zhenzisms_user/login.html前端
3. 進入"應用管理",默認會自動建立一個應用,獲取AppId和AppSecret,這兩個參數是用於開發的。java
4. 下載SDK,我用的java開發,因此,下面的例子也以java爲例,http://smsow.zhenzikj.com/doc/sdk.htmljquery
你能夠直接下載jar包導入項目中,也可使用mavengit
<dependency>
<groupId>com.zhenzikj</groupId>
<artifactId>zhenzisms</artifactId>
<version>1.0.2</version>
</dependency>github
5. 參考開發文檔發送短信http://smsow.zhenzikj.com/doc/java_sdk_doc.htmlajax
AppId、AppSecret就是咱們剛纔從應用管理中獲取的,apiUrl參數,因爲我是我的帳號,固定使用https://sms_developer.zhenzikj.comspring
注: 經過本身註冊的都是我的帳號,企業帳號須要單獨聯繫客服申請
使用很簡單,初始化一個ZhenziSmsClient對象,而後調用send()方法發送短信
6. 一個完整的例子
一個完整的java發送短信驗證碼的完整實例,這是一個官方的使用demo,帶有60秒倒計時功能。
效果:
源碼
短信驗證碼實現流程
一、構造手機驗證碼,生成一個6位的隨機數字串;
二、使用接口向短信平臺發送手機號和驗證碼,而後短信平臺再把驗證碼發送到制定手機號上
三、將手機號驗證碼、操做時間存入Session中,做爲後面驗證使用;
四、接收用戶填寫的驗證碼、手機號及其餘註冊數據;
五、對比提交的驗證碼與Session中的驗證碼是否一致,同時判斷提交動做是否在有效期內;
六、驗證碼正確且在有效期內,請求經過,處理相應的業務。
我是java開發者,後端使用了springMvc,前端用的是jsp + jquery
html
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <% String path = request.getContextPath(); String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path; %> <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>驗證碼使用演示</title> <link href="<%=basePath%>/css/register.css" rel="stylesheet" > <script src="<%=basePath%>/js/jquery-2.1.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="<%=basePath%>/js/register.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script> function getBasePath(){ return '<%=basePath%>'; } </script> </head> <body> <form> <div class="row"> <label>帳號: </label><input name="userId"> </div> <div class="row"> <label>密碼:</label><input name="password"> </div> <div class="row"> <label>手機號:</label><input name="mobile"> </div> <div class="row"> <label>驗證碼:</label> <input name="verifyCode"> <button type="button" class="sendVerifyCode">獲取短信驗證碼</button> </div> <div><button type="button" class="sub-btn">提交</button></div> </form> </body> </html>
js
$(function(){ //短信驗證碼倒計時 var countdownHandler = function(){ var $button = $(".sendVerifyCode"); var number = 60; var countdown = function(){ if (number == 0) { $button.attr("disabled",false); $button.html("發送驗證碼"); number = 60; return; } else { $button.attr("disabled",true); $button.html(number + "秒 從新發送"); number--; } setTimeout(countdown,1000); } setTimeout(countdown,1000); } //發送短信驗證碼 $(".sendVerifyCode").on("click", function(){ var $mobile = $("input[name=mobile]"); var data = {}; data.mobile = $.trim($mobile.val()); if(data.mobile == ''){ alert('請輸入手機號碼'); return; } var reg = /^1\d{10}$/; if(!reg.test(data.mobile)){ alert('請輸入合法的手機號碼'); return ; } $.ajax({ url: getBasePath()+"/sendSms", async : true, type: "post", dataType: "text", data: data, success: function (data) { if(data == 'success'){ countdownHandler(); return ; } alert(data); } }); }) //提交 $(".sub-btn").on("click", function(){ var data = {}; data.userId = $.trim($("input[name=userId]").val()); data.password = $.trim($("input[name=password]").val()); data.mobile = $.trim($("input[name=mobile]").val()); data.verifyCode = $.trim($("input[name=verifyCode]").val()); if(data.userId == ''){ alert("請輸入帳號"); return ; } if(data.password == ''){ alert("請輸入密碼"); return ; } if(data.mobile == ''){ alert("請輸入手機號"); return ; } if(data.verifyCode == ''){ alert("請輸入驗證碼"); return ; } $.ajax({ url: getBasePath()+"/register", async : true, type: "post", dataType: "text", data: data, success: function (data) { if(data == 'success'){ alert("註冊成功"); return ; } alert(data); } }); }) });
這裏省略了全部非空、手機號格式驗證
流程:
1)填寫手機號
2)獲取手機號碼,調用sendSms.html接口向手機發送短信驗證碼
3)用戶手機接收到驗證碼後,將其填寫到"驗證碼"文本框中
後端代碼
發送短信驗證碼
package com.zhenzi.sms; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Random; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; /** * 獲取驗證碼 */ public class SendSmsServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; //短信平臺相關參數 private String apiUrl = "https://sms_developer.zhenzikj.com"; private String appId = "000000"; private String appSecret = "c384b67bdsserev3343cdda4de5c8"; public SendSmsServlet() { super(); } protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doPost(request, response); } /** * 短信平臺使用的是榛子云短信(smsow.zhenzikj.com) */ protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { try { String mobile = request.getParameter("mobile"); JSONObject json = null; //生成6位驗證碼 String verifyCode = String.valueOf(new Random().nextInt(899999) + 100000); //發送短信 ZhenziSmsClient client = new ZhenziSmsClient(apiUrl, appId, appSecret); String result = "{code:0}";//client.send(mobile, "您的驗證碼爲:" + verifyCode + ",該碼有效期爲5分鐘,該碼只能使用一次!"); json = JSONObject.parseObject(result); if(json.getIntValue("code") != 0){//發送短信失敗 renderData(response, "fail"); return; } //將驗證碼存到session中,同時存入建立時間 //以json存放,這裏使用的是阿里的fastjson HttpSession session = request.getSession(); json = new JSONObject(); json.put("mobile", mobile); json.put("verifyCode", verifyCode); json.put("createTime", System.currentTimeMillis()); // 將認證碼存入SESSION request.getSession().setAttribute("verifyCode", json); renderData(response, "success"); return ; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } renderData(response, "fail"); } protected void renderData(HttpServletResponse response, String data){ try { response.setContentType("text/plain;charset=UTF-8"); response.getWriter().write(data); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
json工具使用的是阿里的fastjson
appId和appSecret換成你本身的,註冊以後可得到
註冊地址: http://sms_developer.zhenzikj.com/zhenzisms_user/register.html
提交註冊
package com.zhenzi.sms; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject; /** * 註冊 */ public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public RegisterServlet() { super(); } protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doPost(request, response); } protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String userId = request.getParameter("userId"); String password = request.getParameter("password"); String mobile = request.getParameter("mobile"); String verifyCode = request.getParameter("verifyCode"); JSONObject json = (JSONObject)request.getSession().getAttribute("verifyCode"); if(json == null){ renderData(response, "驗證碼錯誤"); return ; } if(!json.getString("mobile").equals(mobile)){ renderData(response, "手機號錯誤"); return ; } if(!json.getString("verifyCode").equals(verifyCode)){ renderData(response, "驗證碼錯誤"); return ; } if((System.currentTimeMillis() - json.getLong("createTime")) > 1000 * 60 * 5){ renderData(response, "驗證碼已過時"); return ; } //其餘業務代碼 renderData(response, "success"); } protected void renderData(HttpServletResponse response, String data){ try { response.setContentType("text/plain;charset=UTF-8"); response.getWriter().write(data); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
ok,大功告成