nginx tomcat負載均衡 使用redis session共享
環境準備php
一、準備一臺nginx服務器 ip192.168.1.133 端口81css
安裝過程：html
＃首先安裝依賴：
yum -y install gcc-c++
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel
yum -y install zlib zlib-devel
yum -y install openssl openssl—devel
#注意 ： 安裝nginx必須使用 root 用戶安裝
#建立一個nginx目錄
mkdir /usr/local/src/nginx
#進入到nginx目錄
cd /usr/local/src/nginx
#下載或上傳安裝包
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx.tar.gz 或 rz上傳
#解壓安裝包
tar -xvf nginx.tar.gz
#進入到解壓後的目錄
cd nginx
# 下面 纔開始正式安裝
#把nginx安裝到指定用戶的目錄
mkdir -p /ucenter/soft/nginx
#安裝配置 prefix爲安裝目錄 user爲用戶 group爲 組
./configure --prefix=/ucenter/soft/nginx --user=ucenter --group=ucenter
#編譯
make
#安裝
make install
#在linux系統中因爲非root用戶不能佔用80端口，因此須要使普通用戶以root身份啓動nginx。
cd /ucenter/soft/nginx/sbin
#把soft文件下全部的文件所屬者修改成ucener -R 表示遞歸
chown ucenter:ucenter ./soft/ -R
#修改 ./nginx 的所屬爲root
chown root nginx
#讓普通用戶可使用80端口，可使用root權限啓用nginx
chmod u+s nginx
#修改配置文件 在修改配置文件以前 ，要備份該文件
cd conf/
# 要注意nginx 的工做進程，通常根據cpu的核數去修改
vim nginx.conf
#關閉防火牆，打開80端口
service iptables stop
#啓動nginx
./nginx
#重啓nginx
./nginx -s reload
#關閉nginx
./nginx -s stop
準備一臺tomcat服務器，先準備java環境，安裝jdk步驟省略java
而後分別安裝3個tomcat 服務器ip地址：192.168.1.143，tomcat1 8080端口，tomcat2 8081端口，tomcat3 8082端口。linux
apache-tomcat-7.0.64/conf/server.xml配置文件修改這三個地方，這樣端口就不會衝突nginx
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN"> <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" /> <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />
修改tomcat ROOT目錄下index.jsp，分別增長每一個tomcat的標識，以及在頁面上顯示session IDc++
<%-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. --%> <!DOCTYPE html> <%@ page session="true" %> <% java.text.SimpleDateFormat sdf = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("yyyy"); request.setAttribute("year", sdf.format(new java.util.Date())); request.setAttribute("tomcatUrl", "http://tomcat.apache.org/"); request.setAttribute("tomcatDocUrl", "/docs/"); request.setAttribute("tomcatExamplesUrl", "/examples/"); %> <html lang="en"> <head> <title><%=request.getServletContext().getServerInfo() %></title> <link href="favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" /> <link href="favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" /> <link href="tomcat.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> </head> <body> <div id="wrapper"> <div id="navigation" class="curved container"> <span id="nav-home"><a href="${tomcatUrl}">Home--<%=request.getSession().getId() %></a></span> <span id="nav-hosts"><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}">Documentation</a></span> <span id="nav-config"><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}config/">Configuration</a></span> <span id="nav-examples"><a href="${tomcatExamplesUrl}">Examples</a></span> <span id="nav-wiki"><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Wiki</a></span> <span id="nav-lists"><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></span> <span id="nav-help"><a href="${tomcatUrl}findhelp.html">Find Help</a></span> <br class="separator" /> </div> <div id="asf-box"> <h1>${pageContext.servletContext.serverInfo}--8080</h1> </div> <div id="upper" class="curved container"> <div id="congrats" class="curved container"> <h2>If you're seeing this, you've successfully installed Tomcat. Congratulations!</h2> </div> <div id="notice"> <img src="tomcat.png" alt="[tomcat logo]" /> <div id="tasks"> <h3>Recommended Reading:</h3> <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}security-howto.html">Security Considerations HOW-TO</a></h4> <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}manager-howto.html">Manager Application HOW-TO</a></h4> <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}cluster-howto.html">Clustering/Session Replication HOW-TO</a></h4> </div> </div> <div id="actions"> <div class="button"> <a class="container shadow" href="/manager/status"><span>Server Status</span></a> </div> <div class="button"> <a class="container shadow" href="/manager/html"><span>Manager App</span></a> </div> <div class="button"> <a class="container shadow" href="/host-manager/html"><span>Host Manager</span></a> </div> </div> <!-- <br class="separator" /> --> <br class="separator" /> </div> <div id="middle" class="curved container"> <h3>Developer Quick Start</h3> <div class="col25"> <div class="container"> <p><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}setup.html">Tomcat Setup</a></p> <p><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}appdev/">First Web Application</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="col25"> <div class="container"> <p><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}realm-howto.html">Realms & AAA</a></p> <p><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}jndi-datasource-examples-howto.html">JDBC DataSources</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="col25"> <div class="container"> <p><a href="${tomcatExamplesUrl}">Examples</a></p> </div> </div> <div class="col25"> <div class="container"> <p><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/Specifications">Servlet Specifications</a></p> <p><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/TomcatVersions">Tomcat Versions</a></p> </div> </div> <br class="separator" /> </div> <div id="lower"> <div id="low-manage" class=""> <div class="curved container"> <h3>Managing Tomcat</h3> <p>For security, access to the <a href="/manager/html">manager webapp</a> is restricted. Users are defined in:</p> <pre>$CATALINA_HOME/conf/tomcat-users.xml</pre> <p>In Tomcat 7.0 access to the manager application is split between different users. <a href="${tomcatDocUrl}manager-howto.html">Read more...</a></p> <br /> <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}RELEASE-NOTES.txt">Release Notes</a></h4> <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}changelog.html">Changelog</a></h4> <h4><a href="${tomcatUrl}migration.html">Migration Guide</a></h4> <h4><a href="${tomcatUrl}security.html">Security Notices</a></h4> </div> </div> <div id="low-docs" class=""> <div class="curved container"> <h3>Documentation</h3> <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}">Tomcat 7.0 Documentation</a></h4> <h4><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}config/">Tomcat 7.0 Configuration</a></h4> <h4><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Tomcat Wiki</a></h4> <p>Find additional important configuration information in:</p> <pre>$CATALINA_HOME/RUNNING.txt</pre> <p>Developers may be interested in:</p> <ul> <li><a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/bugreport.html">Tomcat 7.0 Bug Database</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}api/index.html">Tomcat 7.0 JavaDocs</a></li> <li><a href="http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/tomcat/tc7.0.x/">Tomcat 7.0 SVN Repository</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="low-help" class=""> <div class="curved container"> <h3>Getting Help</h3> <h4><a href="${tomcatUrl}faq/">FAQ</a> and <a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></h4> <p>The following mailing lists are available:</p> <ul> <li id="list-announce"><strong><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html#tomcat-announce">tomcat-announce</a><br /> Important announcements, releases, security vulnerability notifications. (Low volume).</strong> </li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html#tomcat-users">tomcat-users</a><br /> User support and discussion </li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html#taglibs-user">taglibs-user</a><br /> User support and discussion for <a href="${tomcatUrl}taglibs/">Apache Taglibs</a> </li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html#tomcat-dev">tomcat-dev</a><br /> Development mailing list, including commit messages </li> </ul> </div> </div> <br class="separator" /> </div> <div id="footer" class="curved container"> <div class="col20"> <div class="container"> <h4>Other Downloads</h4> <ul> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}download-connectors.cgi">Tomcat Connectors</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}download-native.cgi">Tomcat Native</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}taglibs/">Taglibs</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}deployer-howto.html">Deployer</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col20"> <div class="container"> <h4>Other Documentation</h4> <ul> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}connectors-doc/">Tomcat Connectors</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}connectors-doc/">mod_jk Documentation</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}native-doc/">Tomcat Native</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatDocUrl}deployer-howto.html">Deployer</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col20"> <div class="container"> <h4>Get Involved</h4> <ul> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}getinvolved.html">Overview</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}svn.html">SVN Repositories</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}lists.html">Mailing Lists</a></li> <li><a href="http://wiki.apache.org/tomcat/FrontPage">Wiki</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col20"> <div class="container"> <h4>Miscellaneous</h4> <ul> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}contact.html">Contact</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}legal.html">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/sponsorship.html">Sponsorship</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.apache.org/foundation/thanks.html">Thanks</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="col20"> <div class="container"> <h4>Apache Software Foundation</h4> <ul> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}whoweare.html">Who We Are</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}heritage.html">Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.apache.org">Apache Home</a></li> <li><a href="${tomcatUrl}resources.html">Resources</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <br class="separator" /> </div> <p class="copyright">Copyright ©1999-${year} Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved</p> </div> </body> </html>
這時候 修改nginx配置文件nginx.conf，把三臺tomcat的ip地址以及端口號加入進去，使用nginx作代理web
#user nobody; worker_processes 1; #error_log logs/error.log; #error_log logs/error.log notice; #error_log logs/error.log info; #pid logs/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' # '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' # '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"'; #access_log logs/access.log main; sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; #keepalive_timeout 0; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; upstream localhost1 { #ip_hash; server 192.168.1.143:8080; server 192.168.1.143:8081; server 192.168.1.143:8082; } server { listen 81; server_name localhost; #charset koi8-r; #access_log logs/host.access.log main; location / { proxy_connect_timeout 3; proxy_send_timeout 30; proxy_read_timeout 30; proxy_pass http://localhost1; } #error_page 404 /404.html; # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html # error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html; location = /50x.html { root html; } # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80 # #location ~ \.php$ { # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1; #} # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000 # #location ~ \.php$ { # root html; # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; # fastcgi_index index.php; # fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name; # include fastcgi_params; #} # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root # concurs with nginx's one # #location ~ /\.ht { # deny all; #} } # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration # #server { # listen 8000; # listen somename:8080; # server_name somename alias another.alias; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} # HTTPS server # #server { # listen 443; # server_name localhost; # ssl on; # ssl_certificate cert.pem; # ssl_certificate_key cert.key; # ssl_session_timeout 5m; # ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; # ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # location / { # root html; # index index.html index.htm; # } #} }
這時候，分別啓動三臺tomcat以及nginx，訪問http://192.168.1.133:81，這時候每次刷新頁面，都會隨機訪問8080或者8081或者8082，並且頁面上出現的session id也都是不同的，咱們應該如何讓這三臺tomcat共享session呢，咱們使用redis來作。redis
這時候，在已經按照三臺tomcat的服務器192.168.1.143上，安裝redis，安裝步驟以下：express
$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.2.3.tar.gz
$ tar xzf redis-3.2.3.tar.gz
$ cd redis-3.2.3
$ make MALLOC=libc
#啓動redis src前面是安裝的路徑
$ src/redis-server &
#關閉redis
src/redis-cli shutdown
#使用redis 放入鍵值對 key value
$ src/redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> set foo bar
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> get foo
"bar"
$
安裝完redis以後，在三個tomcat的lib文件夾內分別上傳這五個所依賴的jar，分別是
commons-pool2-2.0.jar
jedis-2.5.2.jar
tomcat-redis-session-manager1.2.jar
tomcat-juli.jar
tomcat-juli-adapters.jar
全部jar我上傳到博客園裏了，下載地址：
http://files.cnblogs.com/files/jiafuwei/tomcat_redis_session%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%ABjar.rar
複製該連接，便可下載，若是有問題，能夠及時聯繫我。
而後分別修個三個tomcat的context.xml文件，增長以下的配置
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <Context> <!-- Default set of monitored resources --> <WatchedResource>WEB-INF/web.xml</WatchedResource> <!-- 這裏增長redis session共享的配置 6379是redis的端口--> <Valve className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionHandlerValve" /> <Manager className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionManager" host="127.0.0.1" port="6379" database="0" maxInactiveInterval="60" /> </Context>
這時候，分別重啓三個tomcat以及nginx，查看tomcat日誌以後，發現沒有任何異常報錯，說明咱們成功了，接下來開始測試。
咱們訪問nginx服務器地址：http://192.168.1.133:81/
獲得的是8080端口的 tomcat1 ，session id爲1A0625767F27BA95EF4D5F061FE0568D
這時候按F5刷新頁面，獲得的是8081端口的 tomcat2 ，session id依舊是 1A0625767F27BA95EF4D5F061FE0568D
再次刷新頁面，獲得的是8082端口的 tomcat3，session id依舊是 1A0625767F27BA95EF4D5F061FE0568D。
這時候，說明咱們搭建tomcat + nginx負載均衡 + redis session同步成功啦！
nginx幫助把咱們的請求均勻的分發給三個tomcat --》tomcat1 、tomcat2以及tomcat3
redis幫助咱們同步session，這樣一來，咱們的服務器性能就會提升許多，任何一臺tomcat發生故障後，對總體的服務都不會有影響了。
相關文章
- 1. Nginx負載均衡+tomcat+session共享
- 2. nginx+memcached+tomcat 負載均衡+session共享
- 3. tomcat-redis-session-manager實現負載均衡session共享問題
- 4. (轉)tomcat+nginx+redis實現均衡負載、session共享(二)
- 5. Nginx+Tomcat+Redis實現負載均衡、資源分離、session共享
- 6. Nginx+tomcat+redis集羣共享session實現負載均衡
- 7. tomcat+nginx+redis實現均衡負載、session共享
- 8. nginx-tomcat負載均衡redis-session共享，靜態資源分離
- 9. tomcat+nginx+redis實現均衡負載、session共享(二)
- 10. Redis+Tomcat+Nginx實現session共享、負載均衡
- 更多相關文章...
- • 在Spring中使用Redis - Redis教程
- • Redis中使用Lua語言 - Redis教程
- • Composer 安裝與使用
- • Tomcat學習筆記（史上最全tomcat學習筆記）
相關標籤/搜索
每日一句
-
每一个你不满意的现在，都有一个你没有努力的曾经。
最新文章
- 1. Window下Ribbit MQ安裝
- 2. Linux下Redis安裝及集羣搭建
- 3. shiny搭建網站填坑戰略
- 4. Mysql8.0.22安裝與配置詳細教程
- 5. Hadoop安裝及配置
- 6. Python爬蟲初學筆記
- 7. 部署LVS-Keepalived高可用集羣
- 8. keepalived+mysql高可用集羣
- 9. jenkins 公鑰配置
- 10. HA實用詳解
歡迎關注本站公眾號,獲取更多信息
相關文章
- 1. Nginx負載均衡+tomcat+session共享
- 2. nginx+memcached+tomcat 負載均衡+session共享
- 3. tomcat-redis-session-manager實現負載均衡session共享問題
- 4. (轉)tomcat+nginx+redis實現均衡負載、session共享(二)
- 5. Nginx+Tomcat+Redis實現負載均衡、資源分離、session共享
- 6. Nginx+tomcat+redis集羣共享session實現負載均衡
- 7. tomcat+nginx+redis實現均衡負載、session共享
- 8. nginx-tomcat負載均衡redis-session共享，靜態資源分離
- 9. tomcat+nginx+redis實現均衡負載、session共享(二)
- 10. Redis+Tomcat+Nginx實現session共享、負載均衡