mybatis 處理數組類型及使用Json格式保存數據 JsonTypeHandler and ArrayTypeHandler

mybatis 比 ibatis 改進了不少,特別是支持了註解,支持了plugin inteceptor,也給開發者帶來了更多的靈活性,相比其餘ORM,我仍是挺喜歡mybatis的。java

閒言碎語不要講,今天研究了下mybatis的typeHandler:spring

先看這樣一張表(postgresql)sql

create table user (

  id serial not null

  name character varchar(100),

  age integer,

  emails character varchar[],  -- varchar 數組 表示能夠多個email

  address character varchar(2000) -- 由於地址內容爲非結構化的數據,咱們但願保存json格式描述的地址信息,以增長靈活性

);

這個表有2個字段值得咱們注意:數據庫

1. emails 爲 character varchar[] 數組類型apache

2. address 咱們但願保存爲json格式的數據,查詢時返回json字符串,mybatis orm 以後能夠還原爲一個數據對象VO。json

完成這2個需求,則須要咱們標題中提到的 JsonTypeHandler & ArrayTypeHandler數組

 

先看第一個typHandler: ArrayTypeHandler數據結構

咱們先準備VO的代碼:mybatis

public class UserVO {

    private long id;
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String[] emails;
    Private Object address;

    ......
}

其中 emails 對應數據庫的 emails,address 對應數據庫的 address,爲何用Object類型呢,這是由於之後咱們可能會有個 AddressVO 這樣的對象,也可能會有 AddressVO2 extends AddressVO 這樣的對象,可是數據庫的schame不會變。app

接下來咱們看一下 UserDao.xml 中的片斷:

<resultMap type="com.kylin.test.userVO" id="userVO">
    <result property="id" column="id"/>
    <result property="name" column="name"/>
    <result property="age" column="age"/>
    <result property="emails" column="emails" typeHandler="com.kylin.test.util.mybatis.handler.ArrayTypeHandler"/>
    <result property="address" column="address" typeHandler="com.kylin.test.util.mybatis.handler.JsonTypeHandler"/>
</resultMap>

上面的resultMap中配置了2個typeHandler,關於typeHandler的配置,mybatis有多種方法,這裏簡單示意一下。

 

再看UserDao.xml中的2個方法,須要使用到這2個handler

<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.kylin.test.UserVO">    
    INSERT INTO user (
        name, 
        age, 
        emails, 
        address)
    VALUES (
        #{name, jdbcType=VARCHAR},
        #{age, jdbcType=INTEGER},
        #{emails, jdbcType=ARRAY, typeHandler=com.kylin.test.util.mybatis.handler.ArrayTypeHandler},
        #{address, jdbcType=VARCHAR, typeHandler=com.kylin.test.util.mybatis.handler.JsonTypeHandler})
</insert>

<select id="getUserById" resultMap="userVO">
    SELECT * 
    FROM user
    WHERE id = #{0}
</select>

 

上述的addUser方法,傳入了字符串數組,和Object對象,保存到了數據庫中,見下面的代碼:

    UserVO user = new UserVO();

    user.setName("kylin");
    user.setAge(30);
    user.setEmails(new String[] { "kylin@163.com", "kylin@263.com" });

    Map<String, Object> address = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    address.put("country", "china");
    address.put("province", "guangdong");
    address.put("city", "shenzhen");
    user.setAddress(address);

    // 調用dao.addUser方法
    userDao.addUser(user);

上面這個方法,將emails 字符串數組保存入數據庫,將Map address,以json字符串的方式保存到數據庫

select * from user;

id name     age   emails                                               address
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 kylin        30   ["kylin@163.com","kylin@126.com"]  {"contry":"china","province":"guangdong","city":"shenzhen"}

看到輸入定期望的存入到了數據庫中,稍後咱們看從數據庫讀取出後是什麼樣子,咱們先看看ArrayTypeHandler.java

 

mybatis 已經實現了 BaseTypeHandler<T> 這個抽象類,並將公共的邏輯實現好了,咱們只須要繼承BaseTypeHandler就好,只須要處理簡單數據便可。

package com.kylin.test.util.mybatis.handler;

import java.sql.Array;
import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.apache.ibatis.type.BaseTypeHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.JdbcType;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.TypeException;

// 繼承自BaseTypeHandler<Object[]> 使用時傳入的參數必定要是Object[],例如 int[]是 Object, 不是Object[],因此傳入int[] 會報錯的
public class ArrayTypeHandler extends BaseTypeHandler<Object[]> { private static final String TYPE_NAME_VARCHAR = "varchar"; private static final String TYPE_NAME_INTEGER = "integer"; private static final String TYPE_NAME_BOOLEAN = "boolean"; private static final String TYPE_NAME_NUMERIC = "numeric"; @Override public void setNonNullParameter(PreparedStatement ps, int i, Object[] parameter, JdbcType jdbcType) throws SQLException { /* 這是ibatis時的作法 StringBuilder arrayString = new StringBuilder("{"); for (int j = 0, l = parameter.length; j < l; j++) { arrayString.append(parameter[j]); if (j < l - 1) { arrayString.append(","); } } arrayString.append("}"); ps.setString(i, arrayString.toString()); */ String typeName = null; if (parameter instanceof Integer[]) { typeName = TYPE_NAME_INTEGER; } else if (parameter instanceof String[]) { typeName = TYPE_NAME_VARCHAR; } else if (parameter instanceof Boolean[]) { typeName = TYPE_NAME_BOOLEAN; } else if (parameter instanceof Double[]) { typeName = TYPE_NAME_NUMERIC; } if (typeName == null) { throw new TypeException("ArrayTypeHandler parameter typeName error, your type is " + parameter.getClass().getName()); }
// 這3行是關鍵的代碼,建立Array,而後ps.setArray(i, array)就能夠了 Connection conn
= ps.getConnection(); Array array = conn.createArrayOf(typeName, parameter); ps.setArray(i, array); } @Override public Object[] getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, String columnName) throws SQLException { return getArray(rs.getArray(columnName)); } @Override public Object[] getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException { return getArray(rs.getArray(columnIndex)); } @Override public Object[] getNullableResult(CallableStatement cs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException { return getArray(cs.getArray(columnIndex)); } private Object[] getArray(Array array) { if (array == null) { return null; } try { return (Object[]) array.getArray(); } catch (Exception e) { } return null; } }

 

JsonTypeHandler 咱們須要用處處理Json的第三方包:jackson,這個包聽說處理json是效率最快的,代價最小的。

先封裝一個JsonUtil,並提供JsonUtil.stringify(...) JsonUtil.parse(...) 這樣2個方法出來

package com.kylin.test.util.json;

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.DeserializationConfig;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ObjectMapper;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.SerializationConfig;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.annotate.JsonFilter;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ser.impl.SimpleBeanPropertyFilter;
import org.codehaus.jackson.map.ser.impl.SimpleFilterProvider;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils;

public class JsonUtil {

    private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(JsonUtil.class);
    
    private static ObjectMapper objectMapper = null;
    
    static {
        
        objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        
        objectMapper.setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat(FormatUtil.DATE_FORMAT_LONG));
        objectMapper.disable(DeserializationConfig.Feature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES);
        objectMapper.configure(SerializationConfig.Feature.FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS, false);
        objectMapper.setFilters(new SimpleFilterProvider().setFailOnUnknownId(false));
    }

    /*
    public static JsonUtil getInstance() {
        
        if (instance == null) {
            synchronized (JsonUtil.class) {
                if (instance == null) {
                    instance = new JsonUtil();
                }
            }
        }
        
        return instance;
    }
    */
    
    public static String stringify(Object object) {
    
        try {
            return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(object);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
        
        return null;
    }
    
    public static String stringify(Object object, String... properties) {
    
        try {
            return objectMapper
                    .writer(new SimpleFilterProvider().addFilter(
                            AnnotationUtils.getValue(
                                AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(object.getClass(), JsonFilter.class)).toString(), 
                                SimpleBeanPropertyFilter.filterOutAllExcept(properties)))
                    .writeValueAsString(object);    
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
        
        return null;
    }
    
    public static void stringify(OutputStream out, Object object) {
        
        try {
            objectMapper.writeValue(out, object);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }
    
    public static void stringify(OutputStream out, Object object, String... properties) {
        
        try {
            objectMapper
                .writer(new SimpleFilterProvider().addFilter(
                        AnnotationUtils.getValue(
                            AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(object.getClass(), JsonFilter.class)).toString(), 
                            SimpleBeanPropertyFilter.filterOutAllExcept(properties)))
                .writeValue(out, object);    
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }
    
    public static <T> T parse(String json, Class<T> clazz) {
        
        if (json == null || json.length() == 0) {
            return null;
        }
        
        try {
            return objectMapper.readValue(json, clazz);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
        
        return null;
    }
    
}

 

接着再看看JsonTypeHandler

package com.kylin.test.util.mybatis.handler;

import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.apache.ibatis.type.BaseTypeHandler;
import org.apache.ibatis.type.JdbcType;

import com.kylin.test.util.json.JsonUtil;

// 繼承自BaseTypeHandler<Object> 使用Object是爲了讓JsonUtil能夠處理任意類型
public class JsonTypeHandler extends BaseTypeHandler<Object> { @Override public void setNonNullParameter(PreparedStatement ps, int i, Object parameter, JdbcType jdbcType) throws SQLException { ps.setString(i, JsonUtil.stringify(parameter)); } @Override public Object getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, String columnName) throws SQLException { return JsonUtil.parse(rs.getString(columnName), Object.class); } @Override public Object getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException { return JsonUtil.parse(rs.getString(columnIndex), Object.class); } @Override public Object getNullableResult(CallableStatement cs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException { return JsonUtil.parse(cs.getString(columnIndex), Object.class); } }

 

至此,JsonTypeHandler 和 ArrayTypeHandler 就分享介紹完了,

如前面的 resultMap的配置,當調用 getUserById方法時,會返回 String[], 和Map<String, Object>對象回來,

有了這2個基礎TypeHandler,接下來設計數據庫和數據結構就會方便和靈活不少了。

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