>>> set1 = set((1,2,3,4,5)) >>> set1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} >>> set2 = {1,2,3,4,5}
>>> set1 = {1,2,3,4,6,5} >>> set2 = {2,3,4,5,7,8} >>> set1&set2 #交集 {2, 3, 4, 5} >>> set1|set2 #並集 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8} >>> set1-set2 #差集 {1, 6}
add:增長一個元素post
>>> set1.add(8) >>> set1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8}
update:將一個集合的全部元素添加到原來集合中spa
>>> set1.update({'a','s','d','f'}) >>> set1 {'a', 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 'd', 8, 's', 'f'}
pop: 刪除任意一個元素code
{'a', 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 'd', 8, 's', 'f'} >>> set1.pop() 'a' >>> set1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 'd', 8, 's', 'f'}
remove: 刪除指定元素對象
>>> set1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 'd', 8, 's', 'f'} >>> set1.remove(8) >>> set1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 'd', 's', 'f'}
isdisjoint 有交集返回Falseblog
>>> set1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 'd', 's', 'f'} >>> set2 {2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8} >>> set1.isdisjoint(set2) False
issubset 判斷是否包含於rem
>>> set1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 'd', 's', 'f'} >>> set2 {2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8} >>> set1.issubset(set2) False
issuperset 判斷是否包含get
>>> set1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 'd', 's', 'f'} >>> set2 {2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8} >>> set1.issuperset(set2) False
>>> dict1 = {'name':'炎志','age':'18'} >>> dict2 = dict(name = '炎志',age = '18') >>> dict1 {'name': '炎志', 'age': '18'} >>> dict2 {'name': '炎志', 'age': '18'}
>>> dict1 {'name': '炎志', 'age': '18'} >>> dict2 {'name': '炎志', 'age': '18'} >>> dict1['name'] = '劉陽' #修改 >>> dict2['post'] = '老師' #添加 >>> dict1 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18'} >>> dict2 {'name': '炎志', 'age': '18', 'post': '老師'}
pop:經過keyj鍵刪除對應value鍵值,並返回it
>>> dict1 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18'} >>> dict2 {'name': '炎志', 'age': '18', 'post': '老師'} >>> dict2.pop('post') '老師' >>> dict2 {'name': '炎志', 'age': '18'}
popitem : 刪除一個鍵值對,並返回io
>>> dict2 {'name': '炎志', 'age': '18'} >>> dict2.popitem() ('name', '炎志') >>> dict2 {'age': '18'}
clear :清空列表class
>>> dict1 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18'} >>> dict1.clear() >>> dict1 {}
get :經過key查找對應的value值
>>>dict1 = {'name':'劉陽','age':'18'} >>> dict1.get('name') '劉陽'
keys : 查找出列表內全部的key
>>> dict1 = {'name':'劉陽','age':'18'} >>> dict1.keys() dict_keys(['name', 'age'])
values :查詢全部的value
>>> dict1 = {'name':'劉陽','age':'18'} >>> dict1.values() dict_values(['劉陽', '18'])
items: 顯示全部的鍵值對
>>> dict1 = {'name':'劉陽','age':'18'} >>> dict1.items() dict_items([('name', '劉陽'), ('age', '18')])
update:把一個字典裏的鍵值對添加的原來的字典裏
>>> dict1 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18'} >>> dict1.update({'from':'瀋陽'}) >>> dict1 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18', 'from': '瀋陽'}
setdefault 有則查,無則增
>>> dict1 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18', 'from': '瀋陽'} >>> dict1.setdefault('from') #查 '瀋陽' >>> dict1.setdefault('school') #增 >>> dict1 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18', 'school': None, 'from': '瀋陽'}
copy:複製
>>> dict1 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18', 'school': None, 'from': '瀋陽'} >>> dict2 = dict1.copy() >>> dict2 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18', 'school': None, 'from': '瀋陽'}
fromkeys : 返回一個新的字典(建立字典)
>>> dict.fromkeys(['aa','bb'],[1,2]) {'bb': [1, 2], 'aa': [1, 2]} >>> dict.fromkeys(['aa','bb']) {'bb': None, 'aa': None} >>> dict.fromkeys(['aa','bb'],{1,2}) {'bb': {1, 2}, 'aa': {1, 2}}
>>> set1 {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 'd', 's', 'f'} >>> dict1 {'name': '劉陽', 'age': '18', 'school': None, 'from': '瀋陽'} >>> type(set1) <class 'set'> >>> type(dict) <class 'type'> >>> type(dict1) <class 'dict'>
判斷對象類型:isinstance
>>> isinstance(set1,dict) False >>> isinstance(set1,set) True
>>> 1 == 1 True >>> 2 == 1 False
>>> 1 != 1 False >>> 2 != 1 True
>>> True and False False >>> True and True True >>> False and False False
>>> False or False False >>> True or False True >>> True or True True
>>> not True False >>> not False True