PostFix
簡單配置
RHEL5.3
基本網絡配置
1、
1
、RHEL5 U3:如圖1
(如圖1)
2
、#hostname //查看當前主機的主機名:如圖2
(如圖2)
3
、#vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 編輯指定網絡接口配置文件:如圖3
(如圖3)
4
、#vi /etc/sysconfig/network 經過配置文件修改主機名:如圖4
(如圖4)
5
、在終端字符界面修改其字體和中文字體大小:如圖5
(如圖5)
6
、掛載光盤:如圖6
(如圖6)
7
、查看OpenSSH是否安裝:如圖7
(如圖7)
8
、
#vi /etc/hosts
設置本地
DNS
解析文件:
如圖8
(如圖8)
9
、
#vi /etc/resolv.conf
指定當前主機的
DNS
服務器,最多可指定三個:
如圖9
(如圖9)
10
、關閉iptables防火牆:如圖10
(如圖10)
2、DNS
簡單配置
1
、vim /etc/named.conf
2
、vim /var/named/benet.com.zone
3
、vim /var/named/1.168.192.in-addr.arpa.zone
4
、nslookup查看
3、Postfix
簡單配置
1
、安裝Postfix
(1)相關軟件包:Postfix
(2)配置文件:/etc/postfix/*
(3)相關的端口: SMTP(25)
(4)系統收到郵件保存在/var/spool/mail/[linux用戶名]
(5)注意:安裝postfix-pflogsumm-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm以前,須要安裝一下三個perl-Carp-Clan-5.3-1.2.1.noarch.rpm、 perl-Carp-Clan-5.3-1.2.1.noarch.rpm、 perl-Bit-Vector-6.4-2.2.2.1.i386.rpm
[root@dns Server]# ls postfix*
postfix-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm postfix-pflogsumm-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm
[root@dns Server]# rpm -ivh --aid postfix-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm
warning: postfix-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:postfix ########################################### [100%]
[root@dns Server]# rpm -ivh --aid perl-Carp-Clan-5.3-1.2.1.noarch.rpm
warning: perl-Carp-Clan-5.3-1.2.1.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:perl-Carp-Clan ########################################### [100%]
[root@dns Server]# rpm -ivh --aid perl-Bit-Vector-6.4-2.2.2.1.i386.rpm
warning: perl-Bit-Vector-6.4-2.2.2.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:perl-Bit-Vector ########################################### [100%]
[root@dns Server]# rpm -ivh --aid perl-Date-Calc-5.4-1.2.2.1.i386.rpm
warning: perl-Date-Calc-5.4-1.2.2.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:perl-Date-Calc ########################################### [100%]
[root@dns Server]# rpm -ivh --aid postfix-pflogsumm-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm
warning: postfix-pflogsumm-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:postfix-pflogsumm ########################################### [100%]
[root@dns Server]# rpm -qa | grep postfix
postfix-pflogsumm-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2
postfix-2.3.3-2.1.el5_2
2
、關閉sendmail並啓動postfix服務
[root@dns Server]# chkconfig sendmail off
[root@dns Server]# chkconfig --level 2345 sendmail off
[root@dns Server]# chkconfig --list sendmail
sendmail 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:關閉 3:關閉 4:關閉 5:關閉 6:關閉
[root@dns Server]# service sendmail stop
關閉 sm-client: [肯定]
關閉 sendmail: [肯定]
[root@dns Server]#
alternatives --config mta
共有 2 個程序提供「mta」。
選擇 命令
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1 /usr/sbin/sendmail.sendmail
2 /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix
按 Enter 來保存當前選擇[+],或鍵入選擇號碼:
2
[root@dns Server]# echo "this is a test"|mail -s testmail root
[root@dns Server]# postdrop: warning: unable to look up public/pickup: No such file or directory
[root@dns Server]# chkconfig postfix on
[root@dns Server]# chkconfig --level 2345 postfix on
[root@dns Server]# chkconfig --list postfix
postfix 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啓用 3:啓用 4:啓用 5:啓用 6:關閉
[root@dns Server]# service postfix restart
關閉 postfix: [失敗]
啓動 postfix: [肯定]
3
、給root發份郵件測試一下Postfix安裝是否成功
[root@dns Server]#
echo "this is a test"|mail -s testmail root
[root@dns Server]#
mail
Mail version 8.1 6/6/93. Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/root": 3 messages 3 new
>N 1 logwatch@dns.benet.c Mon Sep 21 04:04 112/3524 "Logwatch for dns (Lin"
N 2 root@dns.localdomain Thu Oct 15 14:50 14/445 "testmail"
N 3 root@dns.localdomain Thu Oct 15 14:50 14/445 "testmail"
& 3
Message 3:
From root@dns.localdomain Thu Oct 15 14:50:33 2009
X-Original-To: root
Delivered-To: root@dns.localdomain
To: root@dns.localdomain
Subject: testmail
Date: Thu, 15 Oct 2009 14:50:33 +0800 (CST)
From: root@dns.localdomain (root)
this is a test
& quit
Saved 1 message in mbox
Held 2 messages in /var/spool/mail/root
You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root
4
、查看端口
[root@dns Server]# netstat -ntla
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2208 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:688 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.200:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:953 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2207 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 ::1:953 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 128 ::ffff:192.168.1.200:22 ::ffff:192.168.1.100:1410 ESTABLISHED
5
、配置postfix
(1)
主配置文件Vim /etc/postfix/main.cf的修改
1)
進入/etc/postfix目錄
[root@dns Server]# cd /etc/postfix/
[root@dns postfix]# ll
總計 296
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17832 2008-08-11 access
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3550 2008-08-11 bounce.cf.default
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11175 2008-08-11 canonical
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9920 2008-08-11 generic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16838 2008-08-11 header_checks
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11942 2008-08-11 LICENSE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 26737 2008-08-11 main.cf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17981 2008-08-11 main.cf.default
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 958 2008-08-11 makedefs.out
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4137 2008-08-11 master.cf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17639 2008-08-11 postfix-files
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6366 2008-08-11 postfix-script
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 22564 2008-08-11 post-install
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6805 2008-08-11 relocated
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1629 2008-08-11 TLS_LICENSE
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12081 2008-08-11 transport
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11984 2008-08-11 virtual
2)
修改postfix主配置文件 main.cf ,如今咱們要修改配置文件了, 第一和第二個是設置主機名和域名69行和77行(分別爲69行:mail.benet.com 77行benet.com)
3)
修改93行 myorigin = $mydomain //去掉前面的#號
4
)修改107行inet_interfaces=all //去掉前面的#,設置postfix監聽的接口,這裏使用監聽全部接口。修改110行#inet_interfaces=localhost //前面加上#
5
)修改155行mydestination=mail.benet.com,benet.com,localhost
//指定postfix接收郵件時收件人的域名全部可能引用的域名或着主機名都寫上。
6)
修改255行192.168.1.0/24 //可轉發哪些網絡的郵件,通常都只轉發信任網絡的郵件
7
)修改287行
relay_domains = $mydomain
//
去掉前面的#,防止垃圾郵件的策略
8
)從新啓動Postfix和vim /etc/mail/local-host-names
4、dovecot簡單配置
1)功能:主要提供imap imaps pop3 pop3s服務。其中imaps pop3s是使用SSL來加密驗證和數據安全的服務器
2)端口:110(pop3) 995(pop3s) 143(imap) 993(imaps)
3)相關配置文件:/etc/dovecot.conf
1
、Dovecot安裝(安裝以前先安裝這兩個perl-DBI-1.52-2.el5.i386.rpm、 mysql-5.0.45-7.el5.i386.rpm)
[root@dns Server]# rpm -ivh --aid perl-DBI-1.52-2.el5.i386.rpm
warning: perl-DBI-1.52-2.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:perl-DBI ########################################### [100%]
[root@dns Server]# rpm -ivh --aid mysql-5.0.45-7.el5.i386.rpm
warning: mysql-5.0.45-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql ########################################### [100%]
[root@dns Server]# rpm -ivh --aid dovecot-1.0.7-7.el5.i386.rpm
warning: dovecot-1.0.7-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:dovecot ########################################### [100%]
2
、修改20行,編輯主配置文件Vim /etc/dovecot.conf(只要打開對imap imaps pop3 pop3s協議的支持就能夠) protocols = imap imaps pop3 pop3s //前面的#去掉
3
、dovecot服務的啓動和查看端口
[root@dns Server]# chkconfig dovecot on
[root@dns Server]# service dovecot restart
中止 Dovecot Imap: [失敗]
啓動 Dovecot Imap: [肯定]
[root@dns Server]# chkconfig --level 2345 dovecot on
[root@dns Server]# chkconfig --list dovecot
dovecot 0:關閉 1:關閉 2:啓用 3:啓用 4:啓用 5:啓用 6:關閉
[root@dns Server]#
[root@dns Server]#
netstat -tulnp | grep 25
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3089/master
[root@dns Server]# netstat -ntla
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2208 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:688 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 192.168.1.200:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:953 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2207 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::993 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::995 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::110 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::143 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 ::1:953 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:192.168.1.200:22 ::ffff:192.168.1.100:1662 ESTABLISHED
[root@dns Server]# netstat -an | grep 25
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 7325 /tmp/.font-unix/fs7100
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 11325
[root@dns Server]# netstat -an | grep 110
tcp 0 0 :::110 :::* LISTEN
[root@dns Server]# netstat -an | grep 143
tcp 0 0 :::143 LISTEN unix 2 DGRAM 11435
4
、測試相關端口2五、1十、143並添加用戶
[root@dns Server]#
telnet mail.benet.com 25
Trying 192.168.1.200...
Connected to mail.benet.com (192.168.1.200).
Escape character is '^]'.
220 dns.localdomain ESMTP Postfix
ehlo mail.benet.com
250-dns.localdomain
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 10240000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@dns Server]#
telnet mail.benet.com 110
Trying 192.168.1.200...
Connected to mail.benet.com (192.168.1.200).
Escape character is '^]'.
+OK Dovecot ready.
quit
+OK Logging out
Connection closed by foreign host.
[root@dns Server]#
[root@dns Server]#
useradd zhangsan
[root@dns Server]#
passwd zhangsan
Changing password for user zhangsan.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@dns Server]#
useradd lisi
[root@dns Server]#
passwd lisi
Changing password for user lisi.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@dns Server]#
5
、OE測試
5、實現郵局aliases別名功能:(這個和Sendmail基本相通,都是用/etc/aliases文件)
3
、運行newaliases命令,生成aliases庫。
4
、從新啓動postfix服務。
五、經過客戶端測試別名:用戶收到郵件注意時間是否同樣
6、access訪問控制的實現及檢測(基本和sendmail相同)
1
、修改postfix主配置文件vim /etc/postfix/main.cf在最後增長以下內容:(開啓access檢測)
smtpd_clietn_restrictions=check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access
2
、vim /etc/postfix/access(在最後一行添加) 咱們禁止192.168.1.100 REJECT 使用postfix郵件服務
3
、
修改了access後,須要使用這個命令更新數據庫。postmap /etc/postfix/access 而後從新啓動postfix
4
、OE測試
1
)將客戶端的IP改爲192.168.1.100再測試可否發送
2
)去掉限制#192.168.1.100 REJECT就能夠正常發送郵件
配置文件在附件裏面:
若有不懂的地方,請call我!qq:357714938 mail:hongwish8es@126.com