zabbix--5.0.2部署手冊
軟件說明php
| 軟件 | 版本 | 備註 |
|---|---|---|
| zabbix-server-mysql | 5.0.2 | 宿主機部署 |
| zabbix-agent | 5.0.2 | 宿主機部署 |
| zabbix-web-nginx-mysql | 5.0.2 | docker方式部署 |
| mysql | 8.0.21 | 宿主機部署 |
| grafana | 6.6.2 | 宿主機部署 |
最終效果預覽
python
安裝MySQL
✏️ 下載軟件包mysql
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# mkdir /data/tools [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# cd /data/tools/ [root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# cat << EOF >download.sh #!/bin/bash wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-client-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-devel-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-embedded-compat-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-libs-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-server-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/mysql/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-community-common-8.0.21-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-get-5.0.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm EOF [root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# bash download.sh
✏️ 安裝linux
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# yum localinstall ./mysql-community-* -y
✏️ 修改配置文件(更改數據存放路徑)nginx
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# grep -v -E '^#|^$' /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] default-storage-engine=InnoDB datadir=/data/mysql/ socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
✏️ 啓動web
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# systemctl start mysqld [root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# systemctl enable mysqld
✏️ 修改密碼sql
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log #過濾出默認密碼 2020-09-07T06:22:11.617861Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Nyf9I2Eglh/q [root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: ...... mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY "Zabbix#qaz#123"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
✏️ 建立zabbix庫和用戶docker
mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) mysql> create user 'zabbix'@'%' identified by 'Zabbix@123'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'%' with grant option; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> alter user 'zabbix'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by "Zabbix@123"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select user,host,plugin from mysql.user; +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | plugin | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | zabbix | % | mysql_native_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | caching_sha2_password | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
安裝zabbix-server
✏️ 安裝依賴fpingshell
# 安裝依賴fping [root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo [root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# yum install fping -y
✏️ 安裝zabbix數據庫
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# yum localinstall zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -y [root@tfryb-04-30-02 tools]# yum localinstall zabbix-get-5.0.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -y
✏️ 配置zabbix
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# cp /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf{,.bck}
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# grep -v -E "^#|^$" /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_server.log
LogFileSize=0
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_server.pid
SocketDir=/var/run/zabbix
DBName=zabbix
DBUser=zabbix
DBPassword=Zabbix@123
SNMPTrapperFile=/var/log/snmptrap/snmptrap.log
Timeout=4
AlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts
ExternalScripts=/usr/lib/zabbix/externalscripts
LogSlowQueries=3000
StatsAllowedIP=127.0.0.1
✏️ 導入zabbix數據庫文件
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.2/create.sql.gz |mysql -uroot -pYotta#qaz#123 zabbix [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# mysql -u root -pYotta#qaz#123 -e "show tables from zabbix" mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. +----------------------------+ | Tables_in_zabbix | +----------------------------+ | acknowledges | | actions | | alerts | | application_discovery | | application_prototype | | application_template | | applications | | auditlog | | auditlog_details | | autoreg_host | | conditions | | config | | config_autoreg_tls | | corr_condition | | corr_condition_group | | corr_condition_tag | | corr_condition_tagpair | | corr_condition_tagvalue | | corr_operation | | correlation | | dashboard | | dashboard_user | | dashboard_usrgrp | | dbversion | | dchecks | | dhosts | | drules | | dservices | | escalations | | event_recovery | | event_suppress | | event_tag | | events | | expressions | | functions | | globalmacro | | globalvars | | graph_discovery | | graph_theme | | graphs | | graphs_items | | group_discovery | | group_prototype | | history | | history_log | | history_str | | history_text | | history_uint | | host_discovery | | host_inventory | | host_tag | | hostmacro | | hosts | | hosts_groups | | hosts_templates | | housekeeper | | hstgrp | | httpstep | | httpstep_field | | httpstepitem | | httptest | | httptest_field | | httptestitem | | icon_map | | icon_mapping | | ids | | images | | interface | | interface_discovery | | interface_snmp | | item_application_prototype | | item_condition | | item_discovery | | item_preproc | | item_rtdata | | items | | items_applications | | lld_macro_path | | lld_override | | lld_override_condition | | lld_override_opdiscover | | lld_override_operation | | lld_override_ophistory | | lld_override_opinventory | | lld_override_opperiod | | lld_override_opseverity | | lld_override_opstatus | | lld_override_optag | | lld_override_optemplate | | lld_override_optrends | | maintenance_tag | | maintenances | | maintenances_groups | | maintenances_hosts | | maintenances_windows | | mappings | | media | | media_type | | media_type_message | | media_type_param | | module | | opcommand | | opcommand_grp | | opcommand_hst | | opconditions | | operations | | opgroup | | opinventory | | opmessage | | opmessage_grp | | opmessage_usr | | optemplate | | problem | | problem_tag | | profiles | | proxy_autoreg_host | | proxy_dhistory | | proxy_history | | regexps | | rights | | screen_user | | screen_usrgrp | | screens | | screens_items | | scripts | | service_alarms | | services | | services_links | | services_times | | sessions | | slides | | slideshow_user | | slideshow_usrgrp | | slideshows | | sysmap_element_trigger | | sysmap_element_url | | sysmap_shape | | sysmap_url | | sysmap_user | | sysmap_usrgrp | | sysmaps | | sysmaps_elements | | sysmaps_link_triggers | | sysmaps_links | | tag_filter | | task | | task_acknowledge | | task_check_now | | task_close_problem | | task_data | | task_remote_command | | task_remote_command_result | | task_result | | timeperiods | | trends | | trends_uint | | trigger_depends | | trigger_discovery | | trigger_tag | | triggers | | users | | users_groups | | usrgrp | | valuemaps | | widget | | widget_field | +----------------------------+
✏️ 啓動
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# systemctl start zabbix-server.service [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-server.service
安裝docker
yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum -y install docker-ce
sed -i 's#ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd.*#ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd#' /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
mkdir /etc/docker /data/docker
cat >/etc/docker/daemon.json<<EOF
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://15y9mzqb.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"graph": "/data/docker"
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable docker
systemctl start docker
systemctl status docker
安裝zabbix-web
✏️ 下載鏡像
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# docker pull zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql:centos-5.0.2 [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql centos-5.0.2 c552ec85c6c8 7 weeks ago 439MB
✏️ 啓動zabbix-web
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# docker run --name zabbix-web-nginx-mysql \ -e DB_SERVER_HOST="172.24.xxx.xxx" \ -e MYSQL_DATABASE="zabbix" \ -e MYSQL_USER="zabbix" \ -e MYSQL_PASSWORD="Zabbix@123" \ -e ZBX_SERVER_HOST="172.24.xxx.xxx" \ -e PHP_TZ="Asia/Shanghai" \ -p 80:8080 \ -d zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql:centos-5.0.2 [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES a3291b17f364 zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql:centos-5.0.2 "docker-entrypoint.sh" 3 seconds ago Up 10 minutes 8443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:80->8080/tcp zabbix-web-nginx-mysql
✏️ Web訪問 http://172.24.xxx.xxx
解決亂碼問題
# 1.上傳字體到服務器
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# ls simkai.ttf
simkai.ttf
# 2.將字體copy到容器中
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# docker cp simkai.ttf zabbix-web-nginx-mysql:/usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts/
# 3.進入容器中進行配置
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# docker exec -it zabbix-web-nginx-mysql /bin/bash
bash-4.4$ ls /usr/share/zabbix/assets/fonts/
DejaVuSans.ttf simkai.ttf
bash-4.4$ vi /usr/share/zabbix/include/defines.inc.php
#更改前
// define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME', 'DejaVuSans'); // font file name
#更改後
define('ZBX_GRAPH_FONT_NAME', 'simkai'); // font file name
✏️ 驗證修改後的字體
安裝zabbix-agent
這裏採用
ansible安裝zabbix-agent
✏️ 下載軟件包(在ansible server端下載zabbix-agent軟件包)
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# cd /data/tools/ [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# wget https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-agent-5.0.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
✏️ 編寫playbook
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# mkdir /data/tools/playbook -p
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# cd /data/tools/playbook/
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 playbook]# cat playbook_zabbix_agent.yml
---
- hosts: tdsql_test #須要安裝的主機，或者主機組
remote_user: root
vars:
- src_package_path: /data/tools/zabbix-agent-5.0.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm #ansible server上zabbix-agent包的路徑
- dest_package_path: /root/zabbix-agent-5.0.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
tasks:
- name: Copy package zabbix-agent
copy: src={{ src_package_path }} dest={{ dest_package_path }} backup=yes
- name: Install zabbix agent
yum: name={{ dest_package_path }} state=installed
- name: Config zabbix agent
template: src=zabbix_agentd.conf.j2 dest=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
notify: Restart zabbix agent
- name: Start zabbix agent
service: name=zabbix-agent.service state=started
handlers:
- name: Restart zabbix agent
service: name=zabbix-agent.service state=restarted
✏️ 準備配置文件模板
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# cd /data/tools/playbook/
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 playbook]# cat zabbix_agentd.conf.j2
PidFile=/var/run/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.pid
LogFile=/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.log
LogFileSize=0
Server=172.24.xxx.xxx
ServerActive=172.24.xxx.xxx:10051
Hostname={{ ansible_all_ipv4_addresses[0] }}
HostMetadataItem=system.uname
Include=/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/*.conf
✏️ 安裝
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 playbook]# ansible-playbook playbook_zabbix_agent.yml PLAY [tdsql_test] ************************************************************* GATHERING FACTS *************************************************************** ok: [172.24.xxx.xx] ok: [172.24.xxx.xx] ok: [172.24.xxx.xx] ok: [172.24.xxx.xx] ok: [172.24.xxx.xx] ......
✏️ 執行完成驗證下配置文件是否正確
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 playbook]# ansible tdsql_test -m shell -a "cat /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf"
微信告警
✏️ zabbix server配置文件修改
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf AlertScriptsPath=/usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts
✏️ 報警腳本編寫
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# vim /usr/lib/zabbix/alertscripts/weixin.py
#!/usr/bin/python2.7.5
#_*_coding:utf-8 _*_
import urllib,urllib2
import json
import sys
import simplejson
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')
def gettoken(corpid,corpsecret):
gettoken_url = 'https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/gettoken?corpid=' + corpid + '&corpsecret=' + corpsecret
try:
token_file = urllib2.urlopen(gettoken_url)
except urllib2.HTTPError as e:
print e.code
print e.read().decode("utf8")
sys.exit()
token_data = token_file.read().decode('utf-8')
token_json = json.loads(token_data)
token_json.keys()
token = token_json['access_token']
return token
def senddata(access_token,user,subject,content):
send_url = 'https://qyapi.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/send?access_token=' + access_token
send_values = {
"touser":"@all", #企業號中的用戶賬號，在zabbix用戶Media中配置，若是配置不正常，將按部門發送。
"toparty":"2PURL", #企業號中的部門id。
"msgtype":"text", #消息類型。
"agentid":"1000038", #企業號中的應用id。
"text":{
"content":subject + '\n' + content
},
"safe":"0"
}
send_data = simplejson.dumps(send_values, ensure_ascii=False).encode('utf-8')
send_request = urllib2.Request(send_url, send_data)
response = json.loads(urllib2.urlopen(send_request).read())
print str(response)
if __name__ == '__main__':
user = str(sys.argv[1]) #zabbix傳過來的第一個參數
subject = str(sys.argv[2]) #zabbix傳過來的第二個參數
content = str(sys.argv[3]) #zabbix傳過來的第三個參數
corpid = 'ww235ddb83xxxxxxxx' #企業號的標識（上文中提到獲取位置）
corpsecret = 'NEtVoiQmgQBsBZ2IOrMdHG2CU9vxxxxxxxxxxx' #管理組憑證密鑰（上文中提到獲取位置）
accesstoken = gettoken(corpid,corpsecret)
senddata(accesstoken,user,subject,content)
✏️ web界面添加報警媒介
✏️ 添加完成能夠進行測試
✏️ 給用戶添加報警媒介
✏️ 配置一個告警動做
上面步驟配置完成後，能夠測試模擬一個故障，便會經過微信接收到告警信息。
補充：告警消息模板
告警操做消息內容：
告警主機：{HOST.NAME}
主機IP： {HOST.IP}
告警時間：{EVENT.DATE} {EVENT.TIME}
告警等級：{TRIGGER.SEVERITY}
告警詳情：{TRIGGER.NAME}
問題狀態：{ITEM.VALUE}
當前狀態：{TRIGGER.STATUS}
事件ID： {EVENT.ID}
告警恢復消息內容：
告警主機：{HOST.NAME}
主機IP： {HOST.IP}
告警時間：{EVENT.DATE} {EVENT.TIME}
告警等級：{TRIGGER.SEVERITY}
告警詳情：{TRIGGER.NAME}
問題狀態：{ITEM.VALUE}
當前狀態：{TRIGGER.STATUS}
事件ID： {EVENT.ID}
安裝Grafana
✏️ 安裝grafana
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# yum localinstall grafana-6.6.2-1.x86_64.rpm -y
✏️ 啓動
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# systemctl start grafana-server.service [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# systemctl enable grafana-server.service
✏️ Web訪問http://172.24.115.129:3000/
默認帳戶：admin 密碼：admin ，首次登錄後會要求修改密碼。Admin#123zaQ
✏️ 安裝zabbix插件
因爲網絡問題，該插件下載巨慢，故採用離線方式進行安裝
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# unzip alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app-4.0.1.zip [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# mv alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app /var/lib/grafana/plugins/ [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# ls /var/lib/grafana/plugins/ alexanderzobnin-zabbix-app [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# systemctl restart grafana-server.service
✏️ web界面激活zabbix插件
注：如安裝最新的zabbix插件會出現問題
grafana裏面plugins列表裏面有zabbix，可是添加數據源的時候列表裏面找不到，zabbix已經enable
解決辦法
1.修改配置文件 [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# vim /etc/grafana/grafana.ini #默認狀況下，未簽名的插件不會加載，所以請在Grafana配置文件中容許它 allow_loading_unsigned_plugins = alexanderzobnin-zabbix-datasource 2.重啓grafana [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# systemctl restart grafana-server
✏️ 添加zabbix數據源
✏️ 配置模板
該模板須要安裝grafana-piechart-panel插件
[root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# grafana-cli plugins list-remote |grep grafana-piechart-panel id: grafana-piechart-panel version: 1.6.0 [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# grafana-cli plugins install grafana-piechart-panel installing grafana-piechart-panel @ 1.6.0 from: https://grafana.com/api/plugins/grafana-piechart-panel/versions/1.6.0/download into: /var/lib/grafana/plugins ✔ Installed grafana-piechart-panel successfully Restart grafana after installing plugins . <service grafana-server restart> [root@tfryb-04-30-02 ~]# systemctl restart grafana-server.service
導入模板Zabbix5.0.2服務器基礎監控grafana模板.json
☑️ 備註：
grafana的"Zabbix5.0.2服務器基礎監控grafana模板.json"模板須要和zabbix 的監控模板"zbx_Base_Monitor_templates.xml"配合一塊兒使用。 該模板如須要，請聯繫我。
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