隨着Nginx web服務器獲得愈來愈多的SA的青睞,Nginx的cache功能已經具有Squid所擁有的Web緩存加速功能、清除指定URL緩存的功能。javascript
而在性能上,Nginx對多核CPU的利用,賽過Squid很多。另外,在反向代理、負載均衡、健康檢查、後端服務器故障轉移、Rewrite重寫、易用性上,Nginx也比Squid強大得多。php
這使得一臺Nginx能夠同時做爲負載均衡服務器與Web緩存服務器來使用。css
1、 Nginx(Ngx_cache)安裝:html
首先下載Nginx緩存模塊,ngx_cache_purge相應版本,這裏下載nginx-1.4版本,不一樣版本對應不一樣的Nginx版本,安裝的時候要留心。java
ulimit -SHn 65535node
yum install pcre pcre-devel -ynginx
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.11.tar.gzweb
http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-1.4.tar.gzshell
tarz xvf ngx_cache_purge-1.4.tar.gz後端
tarz xvf nginx-1.0.11.tar.gz
useradd www
cd nginx-1.0.11/
./configure --user=www --group=www --add-module=../ngx_cache_purge-1.4--prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
2、 Nginx Cache配置:
user www www;
worker_processes 8;
error_log /data/logs/nginx/error.log crit;
pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 65535;
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
charset utf-8;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 300m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
client_body_buffer_size 512k;
proxy_connect_timeout 5;
proxy_read_timeout 60;
proxy_send_timeout 5;
proxy_buffer_size 16k;
proxy_buffers 4 64k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plainapplication/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
proxy_temp_path /data/proxy_temp_dir;
proxy_cache_path /data/proxy_cache_dirlevels=1:2 keys_zone=cache_one:200m inactive=1d max_size=30g;
upstreambackend_server {
server 127.0.0.1:8800 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
server 127.0.0.1:8801 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
}
server
{
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
index index.html index.htm;
root /data/webapps/www;
location /
{
proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
proxy_cache cache_one;
proxy_cache_valid 200 304 12h;
proxy_cache_key $host$uri$is_args$args;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://backend_server;
expires 1d;
}
location ~ /purge(/.*)
{
auth_basic "TDT Center CACHE Center";
auth_basic_user_file /tmp/htpasswd;
allow 127.0.0.1;
allow 192.168.1.0/24;
deny all;
proxy_cache_purge cache_one $host$1$is_args$args;
}
location ~ .*\.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
{
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://backend_server;
}
}
}
3、Nginx Cache測試:
#啓動Nginx服務,/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
#訪問咱們的WEB站點,而後在/data/proxy_cache_dir目錄會看到緩存的子目錄(以數字、字母組成)
以下圖:
4、如何清除緩存:
清除緩存有兩種方法,第一種是直接經過nginx.conf配置文件定義的/purge虛擬目錄去清除,第二種方法能夠經過shell腳本去批量清除:
附上Shell腳本清空緩存的內容:
#! /bin/sh
#Auto Clean Nginx Cache Shell Scripts
#2013-06-12 wugk
#Define Path
CACHE_DIR=/data/www/proxy_cache_dir/
FILE="$*"
#To determine whether the input script,If not,then exit 判斷腳本是否有輸入,沒有輸入而後退出
if
[ "$#" -eq "0" ];then
echo "Please Insert clean Nginx cache File, Example: $0 index.html index.js"
sleep 2 && exit
fi
echo "The file : $FILE to be clean nginx Cache ,please waiting ....."
#Wrap processing for the input file, for grep lookup,對輸入的文件進行換行處理,利於grep查找匹配相關內容
for i in `echo $FILE |sed 's//\n/g'`
do
grep -ra $i ${CACHE_DIR}| awk -F':' '{print $1}' > /tmp/cache_list.txt
for j in `cat/tmp/cache_list.txt`
do
rm -rf $j
echo "$i $j is Deleted Success !"
done
done
這幾天要用到nginx的緩存,折騰了兩天,終於搞定了,
把方法寫下來以示備忘或給後來者一個參考:
首先用的緩存是proxy_cache.
在http段里加入下列幾句:
[plain] view plaincopy
1. #!/usr/bin/env php
2. <?php
3.
4. $cache_dir = '/usr/local/nginx/cache/';
5. $request_uri = $argv[1];
6. $url_hash = md5($request_uri);
7. $dir1 = substr($url_hash,-1,1) . '/';
8. $dir2 = substr($url_hash,-3,2) . '/';
9. $cached_file = $cache_dir . $dir1 . $dir2 . $url_hash;
10. if (is_file($cached_file)) {
11. if (unlink($cache_dir . $dir1 . $dir2 . $url_hash)) {
12. echo $request_uri . " 緩存清除成功\n";
13. } else {
14. echo $request_uri . " 緩存清除失敗\n";
15. }
16. } else {
17. echo $request_uri . " 未被緩存\n";
18. }
各項註釋晚上我回家後有時間再寫,見諒!