在容器中啓動Tomcat時，其日誌時間與本地時間不一致

時間 2019-11-06

原文原文鏈接

在容器啓動時，tomcat的輸出日誌信息以下;java

docker logs 5ddb9eeb4815web

Using CATALINA_BASE:   /opt/tomcat-8.5.11
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /opt/tomcat-8.5.11
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /opt/jdk1.8.0_73
Using CLASSPATH:       /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/bin/bootstrap.jar:/opt/tomcat-8.5.11/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.297 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version:        Apache Tomcat/8.5.11
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server built:          Jan 10 2017 21:02:52 UTC
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server number:         8.5.11.0
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Name:               Linux
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Version:            3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Architecture:          amd64
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Java Home:             /opt/jdk1.8.0_73/jre
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Version:           1.8.0_73-b02
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Vendor:            Oracle Corporation
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_BASE:         /opt/tomcat-8.5.11
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_HOME:         /opt/tomcat-8.5.11
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/opt/tomcat-8.5.11/conf/logging.properties
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.299 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.300 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.300 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.300 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=/opt/tomcat-8.5.11
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.300 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=/opt/tomcat-8.5.11
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.300 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.io.tmpdir=/opt/tomcat-8.5.11/temp
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.300 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.566 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.593 INFO [main] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.getSharedSelector Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.606 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.607 INFO [main] org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioSelectorPool.getSharedSelector Using a shared selector for servlet write/read
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.611 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load Initialization processed in 1015 ms
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.663 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service Catalina
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.664 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.11
22-Jul-2019 06:12:52.682 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/ROOT
22-Jul-2019 06:13:09.698 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.util.SessionIdGeneratorBase.createSecureRandom Creation of SecureRandom instance for session ID generation using [SHA1PRNG] took [16,530] milliseconds.
22-Jul-2019 06:13:09.795 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/ROOT has finished in 17,113 ms
22-Jul-2019 06:13:09.795 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/docs
22-Jul-2019 06:13:09.891 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/docs has finished in 96 ms
22-Jul-2019 06:13:09.891 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/examples
22-Jul-2019 06:13:10.384 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/examples has finished in 493 ms
22-Jul-2019 06:13:10.385 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/host-manager
22-Jul-2019 06:13:10.429 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/host-manager has finished in 43 ms
22-Jul-2019 06:13:10.429 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deploying web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/manager
22-Jul-2019 06:13:10.470 INFO [localhost-startStop-1] org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory Deployment of web application directory /opt/tomcat-8.5.11/webapps/manager has finished in 41 ms
22-Jul-2019 06:13:10.487 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler [http-nio-8080]
22-Jul-2019 06:13:10.494 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler [ajp-nio-8009]
22-Jul-2019 06:13:10.495 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in 17883 ms
22-Jul-2019 06:15:15.904 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.await A valid shutdown command was received via the shutdown port. Stopping the Server instance.
22-Jul-2019 06:15:15.905 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.pause Pausing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
22-Jul-2019 06:15:15.957 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.pause Pausing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
22-Jul-2019 06:15:16.008 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.stopInternal Stopping service Catalina
22-Jul-2019 06:15:16.055 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.stop Stopping ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
22-Jul-2019 06:15:16.056 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.stop Stopping ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]
22-Jul-2019 06:15:16.056 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy Destroying ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"]
22-Jul-2019 06:15:16.060 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.destroy Destroying ProtocolHandler ["ajp-nio-8009"]docker

進入容器內部查看其時間apache

本地的CST時區，說明Docker與操做系統使用的是同一個時區
bootstrap

說明：
tomcat

(1) UTC
　　整個地球分爲二十四時區，每一個時區都有本身的本地時間。在國際無線電通訊場合，爲了統一塊兒見，使用一個統一的時間，稱爲通用協調時(UTC, Universal Time Coordinated)。
　　(2) GMT
　　格林威治標準時間 (Greenwich Mean Time)指位於英國倫敦郊區的×××格林尼治天文臺的標準時間，由於本初子午線被定義在經過那裏的經線。(UTC與GMT時間基本相同，本文中不作區分)
　　(3) CST
　　中國標準時間 (China Standard Time)
　　代碼以下:
　　GMT + 8 = UTC + 8 = CST
　　(4) DST
　　夏令時(Daylight Saving Time) 指在夏天太陽升起的比較早時，將時鐘撥快一小時，以提前日光的使用。(中國不使用)bash

是由於Tomcat啓動時，使用了JVM啓動時的默認時區所致，難道JVM啓動不是使用系統提供的默認時區嗎？答案：不是的，默認是UTC時區session

基於這種現象，本人在容器中寫了測試的代碼：app

public class Test{
   public static void main(String[] args){
      System.out.println(new java.util.Date());
      System.out.println(System.getProperty("user.timezone"));
   }
}

進行編譯，而後運行dom

javac -g Test.java
# java Test

看以下截圖：

正好相差8個小時

找到緣由其實就好解決了

一是修改JVM啓動提供的默認時區，二是修改Tomcat啓動腳本

我這裏選擇修改Tomcat啓動腳本的參數

在$Tomcat_HOME/bin/catalina.sh 中添加以下:

export JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -server -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -Duser.timezone=GMT+08"

最後啓動Tomcat，正常，見以下：

方法二：

使用tzselect進行進行修改

# tzselect

1) Africa
2) Americas
3) Antarctica
4) Arctic Ocean
5) Asia
6) Atlantic Ocean
7) Australia
8) Europe
9) Indian Ocean
10) Pacific Ocean
11) none - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format.

選擇5

Please select a country.
1) Afghanistan           18) Israel                35) Palestine
2) Armenia               19) Japan                 36) Philippines
3) Azerbaijan            20) Jordan                37) Qatar
4) Bahrain               21) Kazakhstan            38) Russia
5) Bangladesh            22) Korea (North)         39) Saudi Arabia
6) Bhutan                23) Korea (South)         40) Singapore
7) Brunei                24) Kuwait                41) Sri Lanka
8) Cambodia              25) Kyrgyzstan            42) Syria
9) China                 26) Laos                  43) Taiwan
10) Cyprus                27) Lebanon               44) Tajikistan
11) East Timor            28) Macau                 45) Thailand
12) Georgia               29) Malaysia              46) Turkmenistan
13) Hong Kong             30) Mongolia              47) United Arab Emirates
14) India                 31) Myanmar (Burma)       48) Uzbekistan
15) Indonesia             32) Nepal                 49) Vietnam
16) Iran                  33) Oman                  50) Yemen
17) Iraq                  34) Pakistan

選擇9

Please select one of the following time zone regions.
1) Beijing Time
2) Xinjiang Time

選擇1

The following information has been given:

        China
        Beijing Time

Therefore TZ='Asia/Shanghai' will be used.
Local time is now:      Mon Jul 22 15:55:01 CST 2019.
Universal Time is now: Mon Jul 22 07:55:01 UTC 2019.
Is the above information OK?
1) Yes
2) No

選擇1

# cp /etc/timezone /etc/timezone.bak

cat > /etc/timezone << EOF

Asia/Shanghai

EOF

將以前的catalina.sh腳本註釋掉，最後啓動Tomcat，時區也是正常的

見下圖：

最後，能夠將這些配置好的信息，從新打包成新鏡像，而後發佈到repos中