Oracle bbed使用說明2---經常使用命令

時間 2019-11-24

原文原文鏈接

一.BBED經常使用命令說明

先看幫助的說明
BBED> help all         
SET DBA [ dba | file#, block# ]
SET FILENAME 'filename'
SET FILE file#
SET BLOCK [+/-]block#
SET OFFSET [ [+/-]byte offset | symbol | *symbol ]
SET BLOCKSIZE bytes
SET LIST[FILE] 'filename'
SET WIDTH character_count
SET COUNT bytes_to_display
SET IBASE [ HEX | OCT | DEC ]
SET OBASE [ HEX | OCT | DEC ]
SET MODE  [ BROWSE | EDIT ]
SET SPOOL [ Y | N ]
SHOW [ <SET parameter> | ALL ]
INFO
MAP[/v] [ DBA | FILENAME | FILE | BLOCK ]
DUMP[/v] [ DBA | FILENAME | FILE | BLOCK | OFFSET | COUNT ]
PRINT[/x|d|u|o|c] [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
EXAMINE[/Nuf] [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
</Nuf>:
N - a number which specifies a repeat count.
u - a letter which specifies a unit size:
  b - b1, ub1 (byte)
  h - b2, ub2 (half-word)
  w - b4, ub4(word)
  r - Oracle table/index row
f - a letter which specifies a display format:
  x - hexadecimal
  d - decimal
  u - unsigned decimal
  o - octal
  c - character (native)
  n - Oracle number
  t - Oracle date
  i - Oracle rowid
FIND[/x|d|u|o|c] numeric/character string [ TOP | CURR ]
COPY [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ] TO [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
MODIFY[/x|d|u|o|c] numeric/character string
      [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
ASSIGN[/x|d|u|o] <target spec>=<source spec>
<target spec> : [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
<source spec> : [ value | <target spec options> ]
SUM [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ] [ APPLY ]
PUSH [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET ]
POP [ALL]
REVERT [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
UNDO
HELP [ <bbed command> | ALL ]
VERIFY [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
CORRUPT [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]

BBED>


set 設定當前的環境
show 查看當前的環境參數，跟sqlplus的同名命令相似。
dump 列出指定block的內容
find 在指定的block中查找指定的字符串，結果是顯示出字符串，及其偏移量--offset，偏移量就是在block中的字節數
modify 修改指定block的指定偏移量的值，能夠在線修改。
copy 把一個block的內容copy到另外一個block中
verify 檢查當前環境是否有壞塊
sum 計算block的checksum，modify以後block就被標識爲壞塊，current checksum與reqired checksum不一致，sum命令能夠計算出新的checksum並應用到當前塊。
undo 回滾當前的修改操做，若是手誤作錯了，undo一下就ok了，回到原來的狀態。
revert 回滾全部以前的修改操做，意思就是 undo all

1.1 info

--顯示當前能夠進行browse或者edit 的file。即咱們filelist( /u01/app/oracle/bbed/filelist.txt )裏指定的datafile信息。html

BBED> info
 File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)
 -----  ----                                                        ----------
     1  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_system_bc7ld3s       61440
     2  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bc7ld       40320
     3  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_bc7lf4b       30720
     4  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_users_bc7lflno         640

BBED>

1.2 show

顯示當前的配置選項，注意當前文件及數據塊sql

BBED> show
        FILE#           3
        BLOCK#          12
        OFFSET          0
        DBA             0x00c0000c (12582924 3,12)
        FILENAME        /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_bc7lf4bd_.dbf
        BIFILE          bifile.bbd
        LISTFILE        /u01/app/oracle/bbed/filelist.txt
        BLOCKSIZE       8192
        MODE            Edit
        EDIT            Unrecoverable
        IBASE           Dec
        OBASE           Dec
        WIDTH           80
        COUNT           512
        LOGFILE         log.bbd
        SPOOL           No

BBED>

1.3 set 命令

1.3.1 set file ：根據文件號設置當前文件數據庫

BBED> set file 2
        FILE#           2

BBED> show
        FILE#           2  --當前文件
        BLOCK#          12 
        OFFSET          0
        DBA             0x0080000c (8388620 2,12)
        FILENAME        /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bc7ldql4_.dbf
        BIFILE          bifile.bbd
        LISTFILE        /u01/app/oracle/bbed/filelist.txt
        BLOCKSIZE       8192
        MODE            Edit
        EDIT            Unrecoverable
        IBASE           Dec
        OBASE           Dec
        WIDTH           80
        COUNT           512
        LOGFILE         log.bbd
        SPOOL           No

BBED>

1.3.2 set block ：指定當前文件中的塊緩存

BBED> set block 100
        BLOCK#          100

BBED> show
        FILE#           2
        BLOCK#          100
        OFFSET          0
        DBA             0x00800064 (8388708 2,100)
        FILENAME        /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bc7ldql4_.dbf
        BIFILE          bifile.bbd
        LISTFILE        /u01/app/oracle/bbed/filelist.txt
        BLOCKSIZE       8192
        MODE            Edit
        EDIT            Unrecoverable
        IBASE           Dec
        OBASE           Dec
        WIDTH           80
        COUNT           512
        LOGFILE         log.bbd
        SPOOL           No
        
BBED> set block +10
        BLOCK#          110
BBED>

1.3.3 set width ：設定當前屏幕的寬度，默認是80.網絡

BBED> set width 100
        WIDTH           100

BBED>

3.3.4 set mode ：設置bbed 的模式browse 或 edit。 browse 模式不容許進行修改。若是要修改，就選擇edit模式。這個在以前的配置文件bbed.par裏，選擇了edit。oracle

BBED> set mode browse
        MODE            Browse

BBED> set mode edit
        MODE            Edit

BBED>

1.4 MAP （參考：Oracle 摘去數據塊的面紗）

--Map會經過偏移量來顯示block裏的詳細信息，如block header，data block header 和row directory。使用/v 選項，能夠查看更詳細的信息。app

--在不指定block的狀況下，會顯示當前block的信息，若是想顯示其餘block的信息，可使用file name，file id，block 和DBA 來指定要顯示的block。ui

BBED> map         --只顯示當前塊的部分信息
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252                                  Dba:0x01400cb4
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)
 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       --block header 信息
 struct ktbbh, 72 bytes                     @20      --事務信息
 struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @100     --對應尾區部分
 struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes                    @114     --table directory *kdbt[0]指針顯示值
 sb2 kdbr[333]                              @118     --row directory *kdbr[0]指針值顯示狀態flg
 ub1 freespace[4739]                        @784     --free space
 ub1 rowdata[2665]                          @5523    --row data (採用倒序排列,第一行在最下面)
 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    --tail check


BBED> 
 
 
BBED> map /v   -顯示當前塊的詳細信息
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252                                  Dba:0x01400cb4
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       
    ub1 type_kcbh                           @0       
    ub1 frmt_kcbh                           @1       
    ub1 spare1_kcbh                         @2       
    ub1 spare2_kcbh                         @3       
    ub4 rdba_kcbh                           @4       
    ub4 bas_kcbh                            @8       
    ub2 wrp_kcbh                            @12      
    ub1 seq_kcbh                            @14      
    ub1 flg_kcbh                            @15      
    ub2 chkval_kcbh                         @16      
    ub2 spare3_kcbh                         @18      

 struct ktbbh, 72 bytes                     @20      
    ub1 ktbbhtyp                            @20      
    union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes                 @24      
    struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes                @28      
    b2 ktbbhict                             @36      
    ub1 ktbbhflg                            @38      
    ub1 ktbbhfsl                            @39      
    ub4 ktbbhfnx                            @40      
    struct ktbbhitl[2], 48 bytes            @44      

 struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @100     
    ub1 kdbhflag                            @100     
    b1 kdbhntab                             @101     
    b2 kdbhnrow                             @102     
    sb2 kdbhfrre                            @104     
    sb2 kdbhfsbo                            @106     
    sb2 kdbhfseo                            @108     
    b2 kdbhavsp                             @110     
    b2 kdbhtosp                             @112     

 struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes                    @114     
    b2 kdbtoffs                             @114     
    b2 kdbtnrow                             @116     

 sb2 kdbr[333]                              @118     

 ub1 freespace[4739]                        @784     

 ub1 rowdata[2665]                          @5523    

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    


BBED>

Map 顯示的具體信息解釋以下：this

struct kcbh, 20 bytes spa	Block Header Structure
ub1 type_kcbh	Block type (see Header Block Types below)
ub1 frmt_kcbh	Block format 1=Oracle 7, 2=Oracle 8+
ub1 spare1_kcbh	Not used
ub1 spare2_kcbh	Not used
ub4 rdba_kcbh	RDBA -Relative Data Block Address
ub4 bas_kcbh	SCN Base
ub2 wrp_kcbh	SCN Wrap
ub1 seq_kcbh	Sequence number, incremented for every change made to the block at the same SCN
ub1 flg_kcbh	Flag: 0x01 New Block 0x02 Delayed Logging Change advanced SCN/seq 0x04 Check value saved - block XOR‘s to zero 0x08 Temporary block
ub2 chkval_kcbh	Optional block checksum (if DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM=TRUE)
ub2 spare3_kcbh	Not used
struct ktbbh, 72 bytes	Transaction Fixed Header Structure
ub1 ktbbhtyp	Block type (1=DATA, 2=INDEX)
union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes	Segment/Object ID
struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes	SCN at last block cleanout
b2 ktbbhict	Number of ITL slots
ub1 ktbbhflg	0=on the freelist
ub1 ktbbhfsl	ITL TX freelist slot
ub4 ktbbhfnx	DBA of next block on the freelist
struct ktbbhitl[2], 48 bytes	ITL list index
struct kdbh, 14 bytes	Data Header Structure
ub1 kdbhflag	N=pctfree hit(clusters); F=do not put on freelist; K=flushable cluster keys
b1 kdbhntab	Number of tables (>1 in clusters)
b2 kdbhnrow	Number of rows
sb2 kdbhfrre	First free row entry index; -1 = you have to add one
sb2 kdbhfsbo	Freespace begin offset
sb2 kdbhfseo	Freespace end offset
b2 kdbhavsp	Available space in the block
b2 kdbhtosp	Total available space when all TXs commit
struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes	Table Directory Entry Structure
b2 kdbtoffs
b2 kdbtnrow
sb2 kdbr[333]	Row Directory
ub1 freespace[4739]	Free Space
ub1 rowdata[2665]	Row Data
ub4 tailchk	(See Tailchecks below)

1.5 print （參考：Oracle 摘去數據塊的面紗）

　　map命令只輸出數據塊的結構信息，print命令輸出的信息比map更加詳細。

示例：

--利用map輸出數據塊結構
BBED> set file 5
        FILE#           5
BBED> set block 3252
        BLOCK#          3252
BBED> map /v
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252                                  Dba:0x01400cb4
------------------------------------------------------------
 KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)

 struct kcbh, 20 bytes                      @0       
    ub1 type_kcbh                           @0       
    ub1 frmt_kcbh                           @1       
    ub1 spare1_kcbh                         @2       
    ub1 spare2_kcbh                         @3       
    ub4 rdba_kcbh                           @4       
    ub4 bas_kcbh                            @8       
    ub2 wrp_kcbh                            @12      
    ub1 seq_kcbh                            @14      
    ub1 flg_kcbh                            @15      
    ub2 chkval_kcbh                         @16      
    ub2 spare3_kcbh                         @18      

 struct ktbbh, 72 bytes                     @20      
    ub1 ktbbhtyp                            @20      
    union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes                 @24      
    struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes                @28      
    b2 ktbbhict                             @36      
    ub1 ktbbhflg                            @38      
    ub1 ktbbhfsl                            @39      
    ub4 ktbbhfnx                            @40      
    struct ktbbhitl[2], 48 bytes            @44      

 struct kdbh, 14 bytes                      @100     
    ub1 kdbhflag                            @100     
    b1 kdbhntab                             @101     
    b2 kdbhnrow                             @102     
    sb2 kdbhfrre                            @104     
    sb2 kdbhfsbo                            @106     
    sb2 kdbhfseo                            @108     
    b2 kdbhavsp                             @110     
    b2 kdbhtosp                             @112     

 struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes                    @114     
    b2 kdbtoffs                             @114     
    b2 kdbtnrow                             @116     

 sb2 kdbr[333]                              @118     

 ub1 freespace[4739]                        @784     

 ub1 rowdata[2665]                          @5523    

 ub4 tailchk                                @8188    


--利用print輸出ktbbh結構中的元素信息
BBED> print ktbbh
struct ktbbh, 72 bytes                      @20      
   ub1 ktbbhtyp                             @20       0x01 (KDDBTDATA)
   union ktbbhsid, 4 bytes                  @24      
      ub4 ktbbhsg1                          @24       0x0000c7d1
      ub4 ktbbhod1                          @24       0x0000c7d1
   struct ktbbhcsc, 8 bytes                 @28      
      ub4 kscnbas                           @28       0x0005f8f9
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @32       0x0000
   b2 ktbbhict                              @36       2
   ub1 ktbbhflg                             @38       0x32 (NONE)
   ub1 ktbbhfsl                             @39       0x00
   ub4 ktbbhfnx                             @40       0x01400c89
   struct ktbbhitl[0], 24 bytes             @44      
      struct ktbitxid, 8 bytes              @44      
         ub2 kxidusn                        @44       0x0002
         ub2 kxidslt                        @46       0x0019
         ub4 kxidsqn                        @48       0x000000f5
      struct ktbituba, 8 bytes              @52      
         ub4 kubadba                        @52       0x00804a72
         ub2 kubaseq                        @56       0x0082
         ub1 kubarec                        @58       0x0b
      ub2 ktbitflg                          @60       0xa000 (KTBFUPB, KTBFCOM)
      union _ktbitun, 2 bytes               @62      
         b2 _ktbitfsc                       @62       0
         ub2 _ktbitwrp                      @62       0x0000
      ub4 ktbitbas                          @64       0x0005f1dd
   struct ktbbhitl[1], 24 bytes             @68      
      struct ktbitxid, 8 bytes              @68      
         ub2 kxidusn                        @68       0x0002
         ub2 kxidslt                        @70       0x0022
         ub4 kxidsqn                        @72       0x000000f8
      struct ktbituba, 8 bytes              @76      
         ub4 kubadba                        @76       0x008090ac
         ub2 kubaseq                        @80       0x0085
         ub1 kubarec                        @82       0x1f
      ub2 ktbitflg                          @84       0x2001 (KTBFUPB)
      union _ktbitun, 2 bytes               @86      
         b2 _ktbitfsc                       @86       0
         ub2 _ktbitwrp                      @86       0x0000
      ub4 ktbitbas                          @88       0x000600bc

---輸出其葉子節點信息
BBED> print ktbbh.ktbbhitl[0].ktbitxid.kxidusn
ub2 kxidusn                                 @44       0x0002

BBED>

1.6 dump

---dump命令能夠講block 的內容顯示到屏幕。每次顯示的bytes由count 控制，默認是512 bytes。使用 /v 選項，能夠顯示更多詳細信息

BBED> dump /v dba 2,111 offset 0 count 128
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_bc7ldql4_.dbf (2)
 Block: 111     Offsets:    0 to  127  Dba:0x0080006f
-------------------------------------------------------
 02a20000 6f008000 b6260400 00005d04 l ..o.......].
 38e80000 07002700 ae000000 48005c5c l 8...'...H.\\
 0000e81f 741f301f d01e8c1e 281ee41d l ..t.0...(.

                                                   801d1c1d d81c781c 341cd01b 8c1b281b l ....x.4...(.
 c41a801a 201adc19 78193419 d0186c18 l .. .x.4.l.
 2818c817 84172017 dc167816 1416d015 l (... .x...

                                                   70152c15 c8148414 2014bc13 78131813 l p.,... .x...
 d4127012 2c12c811 64112011 b8105410 l p.,.d. .T.

 <16 bytes per line>

BBED>

1.7 find

---能夠用來搜索關鍵字。能夠從offset 0 搜索到top 或者從當前的offset 搜索到top

---find 命令支持的switch 類型以下表，注意，find 不支持number和Date

Switch	Datatype
/x	Hexadecimal
/d	Decimal
/u	unsigned decimal
/o	Octal
/c	character (native)

--查找文件及數據塊編號
SQL> select 
  2       rowid,
  3       dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid) REL_FNO,--File id 數據庫文件數少於1024時，REL_FNO與File id相同   4       dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid) BLOCK_NO,--Block number
  5       dbms_rowid.rowid_row_number(rowid)   ROW_NO
  6  from tv.t01
  7  where name='zz';

ROWID                 REL_FNO   BLOCK_NO     ROW_NO
------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
AAAMfRAAFAAAAy0AFM          5       3252        332

SQL> 


--設置當前文件及數據塊
BBED> set file 5
        FILE#           5

BBED> set block 3252
        BLOCK#          3252

BBED> show
        FILE#           5
        BLOCK#          3252
        OFFSET          0
        DBA             0x01400cb4 (20974772 5,3252) ----0x01400cb4爲rdba；0x01400cb4的十進制 20974772
        FILENAME        /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf
        BIFILE          bifile.bbd
        LISTFILE        /u01/app/oracle/bbed/filelist.txt
        BLOCKSIZE       8192
        MODE            Edit
        EDIT            Unrecoverable
        IBASE           Dec
        OBASE           Dec
        WIDTH           80
        COUNT           512
        LOGFILE         log.bbd
        SPOOL           No
    

BBED> find /c zz top  --前面已經指定數據文件5和數據塊3252
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252             Offsets: 5530 to 6041           Dba:0x01400cb4 --rdba
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7a7a2c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 

 <32 bytes per line>

BBED>

BBED> dump /v offset 5530 count 128   --前面已經指定數據文件5和數據塊3252
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252    Offsets: 5530 to 5657  Dba:0x01400cb4
-------------------------------------------------------
 7a7a2c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l zz,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....

 <16 bytes per line>

BBED> 

--結果顯示的頭兩個字母就是zz

--若是咱們要繼續搜索zz，那麼只須要按下f 就能夠了，不須要跟參數。

BBED> f     
BBED-00212: search string not found  --咱們的塊裏只有一個'zz'

BBED>

1.8 modify（m）

---用於改變塊內的數據

---在file 5,block 3252 有'zz'，咱們這裏把zz 改爲ww。

BBED> set file 5
        FILE#           5

BBED> set block 3252
        BLOCK#          3252

BBED> show
        FILE#           5
        BLOCK#          3252
        OFFSET          0
        DBA             0x01400cb4 (20974772 5,3252)
        FILENAME        /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf
        BIFILE          bifile.bbd
        LISTFILE        /u01/app/oracle/bbed/filelist.txt
        BLOCKSIZE       8192
        MODE            Edit
        EDIT            Unrecoverable
        IBASE           Dec
        OBASE           Dec
        WIDTH           80
        COUNT           512
        LOGFILE         log.bbd
        SPOOL           No

--更改前的數據
BBED> dump /v offset 5530 count 128
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252    Offsets: 5530 to 5657  Dba:0x01400cb4
-------------------------------------------------------
 7a7a2c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l zz,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....

 <16 bytes per line>

--開始更改
BBED> modify /c ww offset 5530 
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252             Offsets: 5530 to 5657           Dba:0x01400cb4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 77772c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 

 <32 bytes per line>
 
--查看更改後的
BBED> dump /v offset 5530 count 128  
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252    Offsets: 5530 to 5657  Dba:0x01400cb4
-------------------------------------------------------
 77772c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l ww,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....

 <16 bytes per line>

BBED>

接下來使改變的值生效的命令sum

1.9 sum：使這些修改生效

BBED> sum dba 5,3252 apply
Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y
Check value for File 5, Block 3252:
current = 0x5a3f, required = 0x5a3f

BBED>

--回到sql窗口，刷新緩存
SQL>  alter system set events = 'immediate trace name flush_cache';
或
SQL> alter system flush buffer_cache;

--查詢
SQL> select * from tv.t01 where name='ww';

ID NAME
-- ----------
 1 ww

SQL>

注：下面對這些數據用SQL語句作相互轉換

1）把表中的數據轉成16進制（即在ORACLE內部數據塊看到的數據），用如下sql語句：

SQL> select  dump('ww','16')  
  2  from dual;

DUMP('WW','16')
-------------------
Typ=96 Len=2: 77,77  --7777爲'ww'的16進制值

SQL> 


2）反過來把16進制轉成表中的數據（固然我這邊的數據類型只考慮了number和varchar類型），用以sql下語句：
SQL> col id for 9  ---對number類型格式化。若是寫成col id for a9，查詢出的值爲亂碼（##########）
SQL> col name for a10
SQL> select 
  2     UTL_RAW.CAST_TO_NUMBER(replace('c102',' ')) id,
  3     UTL_RAW.CAST_TO_VARCHAR2(replace('77772c00',' ')) name
  4  from  dual;

ID NAME
-- ----------
 1 ww,

SQL>

1.10 revert

--revert是恢復自bbed 啓動以來的全部修改（包含被sum apply的數據）

--將'ww'改爲'zz'
BBED> modify /c zz offset 5530
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252             Offsets: 5530 to 5657           Dba:0x01400cb4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7a7a2c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 

 <32 bytes per line>

--查看
BBED> dump /v offset 5530 count 128
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252    Offsets: 5530 to 5657  Dba:0x01400cb4
-------------------------------------------------------
 7a7a2c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l zz,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....

 <16 bytes per line>

--應用修改
BBED> sum dba 5,3252 apply
Check value for File 5, Block 3252:
current = 0x5732, required = 0x5732


--在sql窗口查看
SQL> select * from tv.t01 where name='zz';

ID NAME
-- ----------
 1 zz

SQL>

--revert是恢復自bbed 啓動以來的全部修改
BBED> revert dba 5,3252  
All changes made to this block will be rolled back. Proceed? (Y/N) y
Reverted file '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf', block 3252

BBED> dump /v offset 5530 count 128
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252    Offsets: 5530 to 5657  Dba:0x01400cb4
-------------------------------------------------------
 77772c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l ww,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 l yy,.....yy,.....

 <16 bytes per line>

--應用修改
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 3252:
current = 0x5a3f, required = 0x5a3f

BBED> 

--在sql窗口查看
SQL> alter system set events = 'immediate trace name flush_cache';

System altered.

SQL> select * from tv.t01 where name='zz';

no rows selected

SQL>

1.11 undo ：回滾最後一次的操做

BBED> modify /c zz offset 5530
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252             Offsets: 5530 to 5657           Dba:0x01400cb4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 7a7a2c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 

 <32 bytes per line>

--應用
BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 3252:
current = 0x5732, required = 0x5732

--回滾，即便被應用的數據也會被回滾
BBED> undo
BBED> modify /x 7777 filename '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf' block 3252. offset 5530.
 File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL/datafile/test_01.dbf (5)
 Block: 3252             Offsets: 5530 to 5657           Dba:0x01400cb4
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 77772c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 
 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 79792c00 02018002 

 <32 bytes per line>


BBED> sum apply
Check value for File 5, Block 3252:
current = 0x5a3f, required = 0x5a3f

BBED>

1.12 corrupt

將一個block 標記爲corrupt，這樣db 在操做時就會跳過該block，從而避免錯誤

BBED> corrupt dba 5,3252
Block marked media corrupt.

BBED>

注意： undo 命令不能undo 一個corruption，可是revert 命令卻能夠

--整理自網絡http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/5006580

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