SNS 數據庫設計

時間 2019-11-16

標籤 sns 數據庫設計欄目 SQL 简体版

原文原文鏈接

SNS 數據庫設計

原創 2016-10-10 景峯 Netkiller數據庫

本文節選自《Netkiller Architect 手札》安全

4.21. SNS 數據庫設計

這裏講解SNS交友社區的數據庫設計與實現數據庫設計

咱們要實現下面幾個功能網站

朋友之間的關係，多對多關係加密
朋友之間的維度，如3度4度....spa
朋友的查找.net

CREATE DATABASE `sns` /*!40100 COLLATE 'utf8_general_ci' */

4.21.1. people 表

people 是存儲人，你能夠用爲user,member均可以插件

CREATE TABLE `people` (
	`id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`name` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
)
COMMENT='Social Network Site - Six Degrees of Separation - http://www.netkiller.cn'
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;

存儲具體的這人設計

4.21.2. firend 表

這個表的功能主要是維持朋友之間的關係網，這裏使用了多對多方式而且使用外鍵防止產生髒數據。3d

CREATE TABLE `friend` (
	`id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`people_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
	`friend_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
	`ctime` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
	UNIQUE INDEX `unique` (`people_id`, `friend_id`),
	INDEX `FK_firend_people` (`people_id`),
	INDEX `FK_firend_people_2` (`friend_id`),
	CONSTRAINT `FK_firend_people` FOREIGN KEY (`people_id`) REFERENCES `people` (`id`),
	CONSTRAINT `FK_firend_people_2` FOREIGN KEY (`friend_id`) REFERENCES `people` (`id`)
)
COMMENT='Social Network Site - Six Degrees of Separation - http://www.netkiller.cn'
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;

4.21.3. 演示

首先初始化用戶數據

INSERT INTO `people` (`id`, `name`) VALUES
	(1, 'Neo'),
	(2, 'Luke'),
	(3, 'Jack'),
	(4, 'Joey'),
	(5, 'Jam'),
	(6, 'John');

創建朋友之間的關係

INSERT INTO `friend` (`id`, `people_id`, `friend_id`) VALUES
	(1, 1, 2),
	(2, 1, 3),
	(3, 1, 4),
	(4, 1, 5),
	(5, 1, 6),
	(6, 2, 1),
	(7, 2, 3);

如今就能夠查找你的朋友了

select people.* from friend, people where friend.people_id = 1 and friend.friend_id = people.id;

查找朋友的朋友就比較麻煩了，必須使用遞歸方法，一層一層查下去，反覆執行SQL效率是很低的，因此咱們準備了第三張表。

4.21.4. network 表

關係網表，主要功能是彌補firend表，用於快速檢索（在不使用遞歸的狀況下）

CREATE TABLE `network` (
	`id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
	`people_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
	`following_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
	`friend_id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NULL DEFAULT NULL,
	`degrees` VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL,
	`ctime` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
	PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
	UNIQUE INDEX `unique` (`people_id`, `friend_id`, `following_id`),
	INDEX `FK_firend_people` (`people_id`),
	INDEX `FK_firend_people_2` (`friend_id`),
	INDEX `FK_friend_people_following_id` (`following_id`),
	CONSTRAINT `FK_firend_people` FOREIGN KEY (`people_id`) REFERENCES `people` (`id`),
	CONSTRAINT `FK_friend_people_following_id` FOREIGN KEY (`following_id`) REFERENCES `people` (`id`),
	CONSTRAINT `FK_friend_people_friend_id` FOREIGN KEY (`friend_id`) REFERENCES `people` (`id`)
)
COMMENT='Social Network Site - Six Degrees of Separation - http://www.netkiller.cn'
COLLATE='utf8_general_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB;

following 一個朋友, Neo following Jam

INSERT INTO `people` (`id`, `name`) VALUES
	(1, 'Neo'),
	(2, 'Luke'),
	(3, 'Jack'),
	(4, 'Joey'),
	(5, 'Jam'),
	(6, 'John');

INSERT INTO `network` (`people_id`, `following_id`, `friend_id`, `degrees`) VALUES ( 1, 5, NULL, '1.5');

以前Neo已經 following Jam，接下來查找Jam的朋友，如今Neo following John, John 是 Jam 的朋友，friend_id = NULL 表示 Jam 還沒有有朋友

select * from network where people_id=1 and friend_id = 5;

INSERT INTO `sns`.`network` (`people_id`, `following_id`, `friend_id`, `degrees`) VALUES ('1', '6', '5', '1.5.6');

Neo following Joey, Joey 是 Luke 的朋友，因此 Luke多是 Neo的朋友

INSERT INTO `sns`.`network` (`people_id`, `following_id`, `friend_id`, `degrees`) VALUES ('1', '4', '2', '1.2.4');

查詢不一樣維度下的全部好友，查詢出的用戶ID須要處理。

select * from network where people_id=1 and degrees like "1.%";
select * from network where people_id=1 and degrees like "1.2%";
select * from network where people_id=1 and degrees like "1.2.%";

至此社區管理網就創建起來了

上面的例子演示了 people_id=1 即 Neo 的關係網