elasticsearch使用教程

下載完elasticsearch安裝包之後，執行啓動命令。

$ cd elasticsearch-6.3.0/bin
$ ./elasticsearch

固然，提早要看一下java有沒有安裝，至少要java8以上。

查看集羣健康情況。

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/health?v"

查看節點狀態。

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v"

查看全部的索引。

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v"

新建一個索引。

curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer?pretty"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v"

給索引customer新建一條數據。

curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "John Doe"
}
'

查詢咱們建立的這條數據。

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty"

刪除索引。

curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/customer?pretty"
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v"

總結一下。

curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer"
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "John Doe"
}
'
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1"
curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/customer"

更新數據。

curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "Jane Doe"
}
'

添加一條新數據，使用新的id。

curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/2?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "Jane Doe"
}
'

在不指明id的狀況下，添加一條新數據。

curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "name": "Jane Doe"
}
'

更新數據。

curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1/_update?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "doc": { "name": "Jane Doe" }
}
'

curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1/_update?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "doc": { "name": "Jane Doe", "age": 20 }
}
'

curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1/_update?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "script" : "ctx._source.age += 5"
}
'

刪除文檔。

curl -X DELETE "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/2?pretty"

批處理。

curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/_bulk?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"name": "John Doe" }
{"index":{"_id":"2"}}
{"name": "Jane Doe" }
'

curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/_bulk?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{"update":{"_id":"1"}}
{"doc": { "name": "John Doe becomes Jane Doe" } }
{"delete":{"_id":"2"}}
'

導入數據accounts.json，就在當前文件夾。使用如下命令：

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST "localhost:9200/bank/_doc/_bulk?pretty&refresh" --data-binary "@accounts.json"
curl "localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v"

查詢api。

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?q=*&sort=account_number:asc&pretty"

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} },
  "sort": [
    { "account_number": "asc" }
  ]
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} },
  "size": 1
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} },
  "from": 10,
  "size": 10
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} },
  "sort": { "balance": { "order": "desc" } }
}
'

執行查詢。

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_all": {} },
  "_source": ["account_number", "balance"]
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match": { "account_number": 20 } }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match": { "address": "mill" } }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match": { "address": "mill lane" } }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": { "match_phrase": { "address": "mill lane" } }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        { "match": { "address": "mill" } },
        { "match": { "address": "lane" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "should": [
        { "match": { "address": "mill" } },
        { "match": { "address": "lane" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must_not": [
        { "match": { "address": "mill" } },
        { "match": { "address": "lane" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        { "match": { "age": "40" } }
      ],
      "must_not": [
        { "match": { "state": "ID" } }
      ]
    }
  }
}
'

使用過濾器。

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": { "match_all": {} },
      "filter": {
        "range": {
          "balance": {
            "gte": 20000,
            "lte": 30000
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
'

使用聚合。

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_state": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "state.keyword"
      }
    }
  }
}
'

相似於SQL語句。

SELECT state, COUNT(*) FROM bank GROUP BY state ORDER BY COUNT(*) DESC

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_state": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "state.keyword"
      },
      "aggs": {
        "average_balance": {
          "avg": {
            "field": "balance"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_state": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "state.keyword",
        "order": {
          "average_balance": "desc"
        }
      },
      "aggs": {
        "average_balance": {
          "avg": {
            "field": "balance"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
'

curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "group_by_age": {
      "range": {
        "field": "age",
        "ranges": [
          {
            "from": 20,
            "to": 30
          },
          {
            "from": 30,
            "to": 40
          },
          {
            "from": 40,
            "to": 50
          }
        ]
      },
      "aggs": {
        "group_by_gender": {
          "terms": {
            "field": "gender.keyword"
          },
          "aggs": {
            "average_balance": {
              "avg": {
                "field": "balance"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
'

在python中使用elasticsearch。

安裝：

$ pip install elasticsearch

使用：

from datetime import datetime
from elasticsearch import Elasticsearch
es = Elasticsearch()

doc = {
    'author': 'kimchy',
    'text': 'Elasticsearch: cool. bonsai cool.',
    'timestamp': datetime.now(),
}
res = es.index(index="test-index", doc_type='tweet', id=1, body=doc)
print(res['result'])

res = es.get(index="test-index", doc_type='tweet', id=1)
print(res['_source'])

es.indices.refresh(index="test-index")

res = es.search(index="test-index", body={"query": {"match_all": {}}})
print("Got %d Hits:" % res['hits']['total'])
for hit in res['hits']['hits']:
    print("%(timestamp)s %(author)s: %(text)s" % hit["_source"])