mysql主從複製 lvs+ keepalived

時間  2019-12-07
標籤 mysql 主從 複製 lvs keepalived 欄目 MySQL 简体版
原文   原文鏈接


1、環境
Master（主機A）：192.168.1.1
Slave（主機B） ：192.168.1.2  
W-VIP（寫入）  ：192.168.1.3 
R-VIP（讀取）  ：192.168.1.4 
Client（測試） ：192.168.1.100

操做系統版本：CentOS release 6.5
MySQL數據庫版本：5.5.13
keepalived版本：1.2.7
LVS版本：1.26

全部環境均爲虛擬機
 html

2、設計思路mysql

1. 服務器A和B，經過mysql的slave進程同步數據。
2. 經過keepalived啓用兩個虛IP：W-VIP/R-VIP，一個負責寫入，一個負責讀取，實現讀寫分離。
3. A和B都存在時，W-VIP下將請求轉發至主機A，R-VIP將請求轉發給A和B，實現負載均衡。
4. 當主機A異常時，B接管服務，W-VIP/R-VIP此時漂到了主機B上，此時這兩個虛IP下都是主機B，實現高可用
5. 當主機B異常時，R-VIP會將B踢出，其餘不變
 sql

3、架構圖數據庫

 

4、軟件安裝
主從兩個主機都要裝如下軟件：
1. MySQL的安裝（略）
2. keepalived安裝
yum install keepalived
2. LVS安裝
yum install ipvsadmbash

 

5、配置
1. 配置MySQL的主從複製（略）
2. 配置keepalived
Master上的配置
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf服務器

 

  1. ! Configuration File for keepalived 
  2.  
  3. global_defs { 
  4.      router_id MySQL-ha 
  5. } 
  6.  
  7. vrrp_instance VI_1 { 
  8.      state BACKUP 
  9.      interface eth1 
  10.      virtual_router_id 90 
  11.      priority 100 
  12.      advert_int 1 
  13. notify_master "/usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.sh"
  14.      nopreempt 
  15.      authentication { 
  16.      auth_type PASS 
  17.      auth_pass 1111 
  18.      } 
  19.      virtual_ipaddress { 
  20.      192.168.1.3 label eth1:1 
  21.      192.168.1.4 label eth1:2 
  22.      } 
  23. } 
  24.  
  25. virtual_server 192.168.1.3 6603 {   
  26.      delay_loop 2 
  27.      lb_algo wrr 
  28.      lb_kind DR 
  29.      persistence_timeout 60 
  30.      protocol TCP 
  31.      real_server 192.168.1.1 6603 { 
  32.      weight 3 
  33.      notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh 
  34.      TCP_CHECK { 
  35.      connect_timeout 10 
  36.      nb_get_retry 3 
  37.      delay_before_retry 3 
  38.      connect_port 6603 
  39.      } 
  40.      } 
  41. } 
  42.  
  43. virtual_server 192.168.1.4 6603 { 
  44.      delay_loop 2 
  45.      lb_algo wrr 
  46.      lb_kind DR 
  47.      persistence_timeout 60 
  48.      protocol TCP 
  49.      real_server 192.168.1.1 6603 { 
  50.      weight 1 
  51.      notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh 
  52.      TCP_CHECK { 
  53.      connect_timeout 10 
  54.      nb_get_retry 3 
  55.      delay_before_retry 3 
  56.      connect_port 6603 
  57.      } 
  58.      } 
  59.      real_server 192.168.1.2 6603 { 
  60.      weight 3 
  61.      TCP_CHECK { 
  62.      connect_timeout 10 
  63.      nb_get_retry 3 
  64.      delay_before_retry 3 
  65.      connect_port 6603 
  66.      } 
  67.      } 
  68. } 


! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id MySQL-ha } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface eth1 virtual_router_id 90 priority 100 advert_int 1 notify_master "/usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.sh" nopreempt authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.3 label eth1:1 192.168.1.4 label eth1:2 } } virtual_server 192.168.1.3 6603 { delay_loop 2 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.1 6603 { weight 3 notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } } virtual_server 192.168.1.4 6603 { delay_loop 2 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.1 6603 { weight 1 notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } real_server 192.168.1.2 6603 { weight 3 TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } }

keepalived配置成服務並開機啓動架構

  1. cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ 
  2. cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ 
  3. cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ 
  4. chkconfig --add keepalived  
  5. chkconfig --level 345 keepalived on 


cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ chkconfig --add keepalived chkconfig --level 345 keepalived on

vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.shapp

  1. #!/bin/bash 
  2. user=u1 
  3. password=12345 
  4. log=/usr/local/mysql/log/remove_slave.log 
  5. echo "`date`" >> $log 
  6. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u$user -p$password -e "set global read_only=OFF;reset master;stop slave;change master to master_host='localhost';" >> $log 
  7. /bin/sed -i 's#read-only#\#read-only#' /etc/my.cnf 


#!/bin/bash user=u1 password=12345 log=/usr/local/mysql/log/remove_slave.log echo "`date`" >> $log /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u$user -p$password -e "set global read_only=OFF;reset master;stop slave;change master to master_host='localhost';" >> $log /bin/sed -i 's#read-only#\#read-only#' /etc/my.cnf負載均衡

 

vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.shoop

 

  1. #!/bin/bash 
  2. /etc/init.d/keepalived stop 


#!/bin/bash /etc/init.d/keepalived stop

Slave上的配置
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

 

 

[plain]view plaincopyprint?

  1. ! Configuration File for keepalived 
  2.  
  3. global_defs { 
  4.      router_id MySQL-ha 
  5. } 
  6.  
  7. vrrp_instance VI_1 { 
  8.      state BACKUP 
  9.      interface eth1 
  10.      virtual_router_id 90 
  11.      priority 99 
  12.      advert_int 1 
  13.      notify_master "/usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.sh" 
  14.      authentication { 
  15.      auth_type PASS 
  16.      auth_pass 1111 
  17.      } 
  18.      virtual_ipaddress { 
  19.      192.168.1.3 label eth1:1 
  20.      192.168.1.4 label eth1:2 
  21.      } 
  22. } 
  23.  
  24. virtual_server 192.168.1.3 6603 { 
  25.      delay_loop 2 
  26.      lb_algo wrr 
  27.      lb_kind DR 
  28.      persistence_timeout 60 
  29.      protocol TCP 
  30.      real_server 192.168.1.2 6603 { 
  31.      weight 3 
  32.      notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh 
  33.      TCP_CHECK { 
  34.      connect_timeout 10 
  35.      nb_get_retry 3 
  36.      delay_before_retry 3 
  37.      connect_port 6603 
  38.      } 
  39.      } 
  40. } 
  41.  
  42. virtual_server 192.168.1.4 6603 { 
  43.      delay_loop 2 
  44.      lb_algo wrr 
  45.      lb_kind DR 
  46.      persistence_timeout 60 
  47.      protocol TCP 
  48.      real_server 192.168.1.2 6603 { 
  49.      weight 3 
  50.      notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh 
  51.      TCP_CHECK { 
  52.      connect_timeout 10 
  53.      nb_get_retry 3 
  54.      delay_before_retry 3 
  55.      connect_port 6603 
  56.      } 
  57.      } 
  58. } 


! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id MySQL-ha } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state BACKUP interface eth1 virtual_router_id 90 priority 99 advert_int 1 notify_master "/usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.sh" authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass 1111 } virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.1.3 label eth1:1 192.168.1.4 label eth1:2 } } virtual_server 192.168.1.3 6603 { delay_loop 2 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.2 6603 { weight 3 notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } } virtual_server 192.168.1.4 6603 { delay_loop 2 lb_algo wrr lb_kind DR persistence_timeout 60 protocol TCP real_server 192.168.1.2 6603 { weight 3 notify_down /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh TCP_CHECK { connect_timeout 10 nb_get_retry 3 delay_before_retry 3 connect_port 6603 } } }
keepalived配置成服務並開機啓動

 

 

[plain]view plaincopyprint?

  1. cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ 
  2. cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ 
  3. cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ 
  4. chkconfig --add keepalived  
  5. chkconfig --level 345 keepalived on 


cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ chkconfig --add keepalived chkconfig --level 345 keepalived on
vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/remove_slave.sh

 

 

[plain]view plaincopyprint?

  1. #!/bin/bash 
  2. user=u1 
  3. password=12345 
  4. log=/usr/local/mysql/log/remove_slave.log 
  5. echo "`date`" >> $log 
  6. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u$user -p$password -e "set global read_only=OFF;reset master;stop slave;change master to master_host='localhost';" >> $log 
  7. /bin/sed -i 's#read-only#\#read-only#' /etc/my.cnf 


#!/bin/bash user=u1 password=12345 log=/usr/local/mysql/log/remove_slave.log echo "`date`" >> $log /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u$user -p$password -e "set global read_only=OFF;reset master;stop slave;change master to master_host='localhost';" >> $log /bin/sed -i 's#read-only#\#read-only#' /etc/my.cnf

vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.sh

 

 

[plain]view plaincopyprint?

  1. #!/bin/bash 
  2. /etc/init.d/keepalived stop 


#!/bin/bash /etc/init.d/keepalived stop

3. 配置LVS
Master與Slave上的配置相同：
vi /usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh

 

 

[plain]view plaincopyprint?

  1. #!/bin/bash 
  2. # description: Config realserver lo and apply noarp 
  3.   
  4. SNS_VIP=192.168.1.3 
  5. SNS_VIP2=192.168.1.4 
  6. source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions 
  7. case "$1" in 
  8.   
  9. start) 
  10.        ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP 
  11.        ifconfig lo:1 $SNS_VIP2 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP2 
  12.        /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0 
  13.        /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP2 dev lo:1 
  14.        echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore 
  15.        echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce 
  16.        echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore 
  17.        echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce 
  18.        sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1 
  19.        echo "RealServer Start OK" 
  20.        ;; 
  21.   
  22. stop) 
  23.        ifconfig lo:0 down 
  24.        ifconfig lo:1 down 
  25.        route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1 
  26.        route del $SNS_VIP2 >/dev/null 2>&1 
  27.        echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore 
  28.        echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce 
  29.        echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore 
  30.        echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce 
  31.        echo "RealServer Stoped" 
  32.        ;; 
  33.   
  34. *) 
  35.   
  36.        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" 
  37.        exit 1 
  38. esac 
  39. exit 0 


#!/bin/bash # description: Config realserver lo and apply noarp SNS_VIP=192.168.1.3 SNS_VIP2=192.168.1.4 source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions case "$1" in start) ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP ifconfig lo:1 $SNS_VIP2 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP2 /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0 /sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP2 dev lo:1 echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1 echo "RealServer Start OK" ;; stop) ifconfig lo:0 down ifconfig lo:1 down route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1 route del $SNS_VIP2 >/dev/null 2>&1 echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce echo "RealServer Stoped" ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" exit 1 esac exit 0

[plain]view plaincopyprint?

  1. chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh 
  2. echo "/usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh start" >> /etc/rc.local 


chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh echo "/usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh start" >> /etc/rc.local

5、Master和Slave的啓動
1. 啓動Master上的MySQL
service mysql start
2. 啓動Slave上的MySQL
service mysql start
3. 啓動Master上的realserver腳本
/usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh start
4. 啓動Slave上的realserver腳本
/usr/local/bin/lvs_real.sh start
5. 啓動Master上的keepalived
service keepalived start
6. 啓動Slave上的keepalived
service keepalived start


6、測試
1. 查看lvs可否進行負載均衡轉發
在Master和Slave上分別執行：
ipvsadm -ln

2. 在Client上驗證連通性：
ping 192.168.1.3
ping 192.168.1.4
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.3 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.4 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"

3. 停掉Master上的MySQL，看寫IP否自動切換到Slave，看讀IP是否去掉了Master的MySQL
在Master和Slave上分別執行：
ipvsadm -ln
在Client上執行：
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.3 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.4 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"

4. 停掉Master上的keepalived，看讀寫VIP是否會遷移到Slave上。
在Master和Slave上分別執行：
ipvsadm -ln
在Client上執行：
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.3 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"



在Master和Slave上分別執行：
ipvsadm -ln
在Client上執行：
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.3 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"
mysql -u u1 -p12345 -P 6603 -h 192.168.1.4 -e "show variables like 'server_id'"

6. 重啓Master的系統，看看切換過程是否正常



7、參考
http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=17K0UDApzfK18A8F5Of9wl0lmGx6AD_0PQ8GyVqmCsBMSz16xjt2JI88lPAeID2qECs7piUxkzQLyatTtDuEJxwZEy6joIBfBmT3vgTfdUS http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23500957-id-3781918.html http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23500957-id-3781919.html http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-20639775-id-3337471.html

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