springmvc下實現登陸驗證碼功能

整體思路,簡單講,就是後臺生成圖片同時將圖片信息保存在session,前端顯示圖片,輸入驗證碼信息後提交表單到後臺,取出存放在session裏的驗證碼信息,與表單提交的驗證碼信息覈對。前端

點擊驗證碼圖片時,經過jquery從新請求後臺生成驗證碼圖片方法,更換圖片。java

首先在後端controller裏,有這樣一個方法:jquery

路徑爲http://localhost:8888/RiXiang_blog/login/captcha.form,訪問這個路徑即可以經過response寫入圖片。後端

    @RequestMapping(value = "/captcha", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public void captcha(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException 
    {
        CaptchaUtil.outputCaptcha(request, response);
    }

CaptchaUtil是一個工具類,封裝了驗證碼圖片生成,和存儲session功能。session

代碼以下:app

package com.util;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;

/**
* @ClassName: CaptchaUtil 
* @Description: 關於驗證碼的工具類
* @author 無名
* @date 2016-5-7 上午8:33:08 
* @version 1.0
 */
public final class CaptchaUtil
{
    private CaptchaUtil(){}
    
    /*
     * 隨機字符字典
     */
    private static final char[] CHARS = { '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8',
        '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M',
        'N', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z' };
    
    /*
     * 隨機數
     */
    private static Random random = new Random();
    
    /*
     * 獲取6位隨機數
     */
    private static String getRandomString()
    {
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        for(int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
        {
            buffer.append(CHARS[random.nextInt(CHARS.length)]);
        }
        return buffer.toString();
    }
    
    /*
     * 獲取隨機數顏色
     */
    private static Color getRandomColor()
    {
        return new Color(random.nextInt(255),random.nextInt(255),
                random.nextInt(255));
    }
    
    /*
     * 返回某顏色的反色
     */
    private static Color getReverseColor(Color c)
    {
        return new Color(255 - c.getRed(), 255 - c.getGreen(),
                255 - c.getBlue());
    }
    
    public static void outputCaptcha(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException 
    {

        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");

        String randomString = getRandomString();
        request.getSession(true).setAttribute("randomString", randomString);

        int width = 100;
        int height = 30;

        Color color = getRandomColor();
        Color reverse = getReverseColor(color);

        BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics2D g = bi.createGraphics();
        g.setFont(new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 16));
        g.setColor(color);
        g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
        g.setColor(reverse);
        g.drawString(randomString, 18, 20);
        for (int i = 0, n = random.nextInt(100); i < n; i++) 
        {
            g.drawRect(random.nextInt(width), random.nextInt(height), 1, 1);
        }

        // 轉成JPEG格式
        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
        JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(out);
        encoder.encode(bi);
        out.flush();
    }
}

前端獲取驗證碼圖片,要這樣寫:dom

……工具

<tr>
    <th>captcha</th>
    <td>
             <input type="text" id="captcha" name="captcha" class="text" maxlength="10" />
              <img id="captchaImage" src="captcha.form"/>
      </td>
</tr>spa

img的src裏寫入路徑,頁面加載時就會訪問http://localhost:8888/RiXiang_blog/login/captcha.form獲取圖片。code

 

表單的提交和登陸信息驗證就不具體講了。

 

點擊更換驗證碼的js代碼以下:

                         // 更換驗證碼
                         $('#captchaImage').click(function() 
                         {
                             $('#captchaImage').attr("src", "captcha.form?timestamp=" + (new Date()).valueOf());
                         }); 

能夠看到後面加入時間戳做爲參數,timestamp=" + (new Date()).valueOf()。加入這個參數就能夠實現從新訪問後臺方法。不然是沒法刷新圖像的。

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