mysql數據庫主備同步部署

時間 2020-03-17

標籤 mysql 數據庫同步部署欄目 MySQL 简体版

原文原文鏈接

數據庫主從同步部署mysql

約定：sql

主數據庫master ip：10.0.0.4:3306數據庫

備數據庫slave ip：10.0.0.3:3306app

部署流程：tcp

主數據庫操做以下ide

一、開啓主數據的binlog參數，和設置server-id測試

二、建立用於同步數據的帳號repthis

三、鎖表並查看當前日誌名稱和位置spa

四、備份當前主數據庫的所有數據（全備）rest

五、給主數據解鎖。讓主庫繼續提供服務

六、繼續往主數據寫數據

備數據庫操做

一、把主數據備份的全備數據備份到備數據庫

二、在備數據庫上設置主從同步的相關信息，如主數據庫的IP、端口、同步帳號、密碼、binlog文件名、binlog位置點

三、開始主從同步start slave；

四、查看是否備份成功，show slave status\G;

############################################################################

主數據庫上面操做

開啓主數據庫的binlog參數，和設置server-id

egrep "server-id|log-bin" /etc/my.cnf

########################################

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# egrep "server-id|log-bin" /etc/my.cnf

server-id = 1

log-bin=mysql-bin

[root@M_MYSQL ~]#

重啓3306實例數據庫

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

netstat -lntup|grep 3306

########################################

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 3306

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2412/mysqld

[root@M_MYSQL ~]#

########################################

查看是否記錄bin_log日誌

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# ll /application/mysql/data/

total 28700

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 18874368 Sep 30 21:58 ibdata1

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Sep 30 21:58 ib_logfile0

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5242880 Sep 30 21:33 ib_logfile1

-rw-r-----. 1 mysql root 3458 Sep 30 21:58 M_MYSQL.err

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 5 Sep 30 21:58 M_MYSQL.pid

drwx------. 2 mysql root 4096 Sep 30 21:33 mysql

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 107 Sep 30 21:58 mysql-bin.000001 ##有這個，證實在記錄主從同步

-rw-rw----. 1 mysql mysql 19 Sep 30 21:58 mysql-bin.index

drwx------. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 30 21:33 performance_schema

drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 4096 Sep 30 21:33 test

[root@M_MYSQL ~]#

########################################

##在主數據庫中建立測試用的數據庫和表。

create database lvnian;

use lvnian;

create table test(

id int(4) not null auto_increment,

name char(20) not null,

primary key(id)

);

flush privileges;

mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "use lvnian; select * from test;"

for n in `seq 100`;do mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "use lvnian;insert test values($n,'lvnian$n'); " ;done;

mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "use lvnian; select * from test;"

############################################

##############

查看是否開啓binlog

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "show variables like 'log_bin'"

+---------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+---------------+-------+

| log_bin | ON |

+---------------+-------+

[root@M_MYSQL ~]#

############################################

建立用於同步數據的帳號rep

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'10.0.0.%' identified by 'lvnian123456';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"

########################################

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "select user,host from mysql.user;"

+------+-----------+

| user | host |

+------+-----------+

| rep | 10.0.0.% |

| root | 127.0.0.1 |

############################################

鎖表

mysql> flush table with read lock;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

################################################################################

查看當前日誌名稱和位置

mysql -uroot -plvnian -e " show master status;"

mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "show master logs;"

########################################

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# mysql -uroot -plvnian -e " show master status;"

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000003 | 302 | | |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "show master logs;"

+------------------+-----------+

| Log_name | File_size |

+------------------+-----------+

| mysql-bin.000001 | 20802 |

| mysql-bin.000002 | 150 |

| mysql-bin.000003 | 302 |

+------------------+-----------+

[root@M_MYSQL ~]#

######################################

備份當前主數據庫數據

另開一個窗口

mysqldump -uroot -plvnian -A -B -F --master-data=2 | gzip > /tmp/mysql_bak.$(date +%F).sql.gz

##################

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# mysqldump -uroot -plvnian -A -B -F --master-data=2 --events | gzip > /tmp/mysql_bak.$(date +%F).sql.gz

[root@M_MYSQL ~]# ll /tmp/

total 148

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 145225 Sep 30 22:19 mysql_bak.2015-09-30.sql.gz

[root@M_MYSQL ~]#

給主數據庫解鎖

mysql> unlock tables;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

###############################################

繼續往主數據庫寫數據

for n in `seq 100 150`;do mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "use lvnian;insert test values($n,'lvnian$n'); " ;done;

mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "use lvnian; select * from test;"

############################################################################

啓動備數據庫

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

[root@S_MYSQL ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL. SUCCESS!

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@S_MYSQL ~]# netstat -lntup|grep 3306

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2475/mysqld

[root@S_MYSQL ~]#

#####################################################

把備份數據備份到備數據庫

scp root@10.0.0.4:/tmp/mysql_bak.2015-09-30.sql.gz .

#####################################

[root@S_MYSQL ~]# scp root@10.0.0.4:/tmp/mysql_bak.2015-09-30.sql.gz .

root@10.0.0.4's password:

mysql_bak.2015-09-30.sql.gz 100% 142KB 141.8KB/s 00:00

[root@S_MYSQL ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg aq deng.txxt install.log install.log.syslog mysql_bak.2015-09-30.sql.gz

[root@S_MYSQL ~]#

##########

[root@S_MYSQL ~]# gzip -d mysql_bak.2015-09-30.sql.gz

[root@S_MYSQL ~]# mysql -uroot -plvnian < mysql_bak.2015-09-30.sql

[root@S_MYSQL ~]# mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "show databases;"

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| lvnian |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

[root@S_MYSQL ~]# mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "use lvnian;select * from test;"

+-----+-----------+

| id | name |

+-----+-----------+

| 1 | lvnian1 |

| 2 | lvnian2 |

| 3 | lvnian3 |

| 4 | lvnian4 |

| 5 | lvnian5 |

| 6 | lvnian6 |

| 7 | lvnian7 |

| 8 | lvnian8 |

| 9 | lvnian9 |

| 10 | lvnian10 |

| 11 | lvnian11 |

| 12 | lvnian12 |

| 13 | lvnian13 |

....

所有恢復到備數據庫成功

###############################################

開始設置主從同步

###################################

更加主數據庫剛纔的文件名稱和位置點，等到下面的內容

CHANGE MASTER TO

MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.4',

MASTER_PORT=3306,

MASTER_USER='rep',

MASTER_PASSWORD='lvnian123456',

MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',

MASTER_LOG_POS=302;

######################

start slave;

show slave status\G;

###################################

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO

-> MASTER_HOST='10.0.0.4',

-> MASTER_PORT=3306,

-> MASTER_USER='rep',

-> MASTER_PASSWORD='lvnian123456',

-> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003',

-> MASTER_LOG_POS=302;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

mysql>

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 10.0.0.4

Master_User: rep

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 9759

Relay_Log_File: S_MYSQL-relay-bin.000005

Relay_Log_Pos: 9905

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 9759

Relay_Log_Space: 10106

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:

No query specified

mysql>

成功的表現：

[root@S_MYSQL ~]# mysql -uroot -plvnian -e "show slave status\G;"|egrep "Slave_IO_Runnin|Slave_SQL_Running"

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

[root@S_MYSQL ~]#

出現上面兩個yes證實數據庫主從同步成功了

################################################################################

小結

注意防火牆問題

注意主從數據庫的server-id問題，主從數據庫的server-id必須是不一樣的。

注意主數據庫的配置文件my.cnf 必須開啓記錄binlog日誌

################################################################################

同步故障解決

下面主從不一樣步的緣由就是上面從庫的server-id沒有修改，致使主從數據庫的server-id是同樣的，就會出現下面錯誤:

注意錯誤提示：

Last_IO_Error: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server ids; these ids must be different for replication to work (or the --replicate-same-server-id option must be used on slave but this does not always make sense; please check the manual before using it).

mysql> show slave status\G;

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State:

Master_Host: 10.0.0.4

Master_User: rep

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 302

Relay_Log_File: S_MYSQL-relay-bin.000001

Relay_Log_Pos: 4

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003