Glide中一個重要的特性,就是Request能夠隨着Activity或Fragment的onStart而resume,onStop而pause,onDestroy而clear。從而節約流量和內存,而且防止內存泄露,這一切都由Glide在內部實現了。用戶惟一要注意的是,Glide.with()方法中儘可能傳入Activity或Fragment,而不是Application,否則沒辦法進行生命週期管理。android
由於對Glide綁定生命週期的原理很感興趣,因此看了一些源碼解析的文章,也讀了Glide的相關源碼。發現大多數對於Glide生命週期綁定原理的介紹,是直接經過源碼一步步的介紹。我的感受這樣沒有重點,容易迷失在代碼流程細節中。git
因此這篇文章經過另一種方式介紹Glide生命週期管理的原理,即經過提問解答的方式,帶着問題閱讀,更加具備針對性。介紹完了原理以後,咱們經過基於Glide生命週期感知的原理,實現了一個仿Glide生命週期管理框架的demo,進一步加深鞏固以前所學知識點。因此,本文介紹主要分爲兩個部分:github
這裏的話,我主要提了三個問題:bash
下面經過解答這三個問題,讓咱們一塊兒來探究下Glide綁定生命週期的實現原理。本文以Activity爲例進行講解。app
基於當前Activity添加無UI的Fragment,經過Fragment接收Activity傳遞的生命週期。Fragment和RequestManager基於Lifecycle創建聯繫,並傳遞生命週期事件,實現生命週期感知。分析上述的原理,能夠概括爲兩個方面:框架
使用Glide時,咱們經過Glide.with(Activity activity)
的方式傳入頁面引用,讓咱們看下with(Activity activity)
方法的實現:ide
public static RequestManager with(Activity activity) {
RequestManagerRetriever retriever = RequestManagerRetriever.get();
return retriever.get(activity);
}
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with(Activity activity)
在方法體內先獲取了RequestManagerRetriever
實例retriever
,而後經過retriever
去調用成員函數get(activity)
。接下來咱們看下get(activity)
的實現:函數
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
public RequestManager get(Activity activity) {
if (Util.isOnBackgroundThread() || Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB) {
return get(activity.getApplicationContext());
} else {
assertNotDestroyed(activity);
// 獲取當前Activity的FragmentManager
android.app.FragmentManager fm = activity.getFragmentManager();
return fragmentGet(activity, fm);
}
}
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咱們看上面函數方法體代碼,當應用在後臺或系統低於HONEYCOMB版本,則直接綁定應用的生命週期,這裏咱們主要看else部分的代碼。oop
首先,經過傳入的activity引用,獲取當前頁面的FragmentManager,而後將當前頁面的引用和剛生成的FragmentManager對象引用,做爲參數一塊兒傳入fragmentGet(activity, fm)
方法。下面看下fragmentGet(activity, fm)
的具體實現:源碼分析
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
RequestManager fragmentGet(Context context, android.app.FragmentManager fm) {
// 基於當前activity註冊無UI的RequestManagerFragment
RequestManagerFragment current = getRequestManagerFragment(fm);
// 生成RequestManager
RequestManager requestManager = current.getRequestManager();
if (requestManager == null) {
// 經過current.getLifecycle()獲取fragment的lifecycle,傳入requestManager,將fragment和requestManager創建聯繫
requestManager = new RequestManager(context, current.getLifecycle(), current.getRequestManagerTreeNode());
current.setRequestManager(requestManager);
}
return requestManager;
}
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上述方法具體執行的步驟,如上註釋所示:
這裏有兩點須要咱們關注下:
getRequestManagerFragment(fm)
生成無UI的fragment生成fragment時,最終會調用到RequestManagerFragment
的構造方法,實現形式以下:
public RequestManagerFragment() {
this(new ActivityFragmentLifecycle());
}
// For testing only.
@SuppressLint("ValidFragment")
RequestManagerFragment(ActivityFragmentLifecycle lifecycle) {
this.lifecycle = lifecycle;
}
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構造fragment時,會同時初始化成員變量lifecycle
。
current.getLifecycle()
獲取fragment的成員lifecycle,做爲參數傳入RequestManager構造函數。public RequestManager(Context context, Lifecycle lifecycle, RequestManagerTreeNode treeNode) {
this(context, lifecycle, treeNode, new RequestTracker(), new ConnectivityMonitorFactory());
}
RequestManager(Context context, final Lifecycle lifecycle, RequestManagerTreeNode treeNode,
RequestTracker requestTracker, ConnectivityMonitorFactory factory) {
this.context = context.getApplicationContext();
this.lifecycle = lifecycle;
this.treeNode = treeNode;
this.requestTracker = requestTracker;
this.glide = Glide.get(context);
this.optionsApplier = new OptionsApplier();
ConnectivityMonitor connectivityMonitor = factory.build(context,
new RequestManagerConnectivityListener(requestTracker));
// If we're the application level request manager, we may be created on a background thread. In that case we // cannot risk synchronously pausing or resuming requests, so we hack around the issue by delaying adding // ourselves as a lifecycle listener by posting to the main thread. This should be entirely safe. if (Util.isOnBackgroundThread()) { new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()).post(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { lifecycle.addListener(RequestManager.this); } }); } else { lifecycle.addListener(this); } lifecycle.addListener(connectivityMonitor); } 複製代碼
可見在RequestManager初始化時,調用了lifecycle.addListener(this)
,將本身的引用存入lifecycle,從而實現與fragment關聯。
創建了聯繫,下面咱們看下生命週期是如何傳遞的。
經過上面生命週期綁定的流程,咱們已經知道經過ActivityFragmentLifecycle,將空白Fragment和RequestManager創建了聯繫。由於空白fragment註冊在頁面上,其能夠感知頁面的生命週期。下面咱們來看下如何從空白fragment,將生命週期傳遞給RequestManager,從而對Request進行管理。
首先,咱們來看空白RequestManagerFragment生命週期回調方法:
...
@Override
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
lifecycle.onStart();
}
@Override
public void onStop() {
super.onStop();
lifecycle.onStop();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
lifecycle.onDestroy();
}
...
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咱們看到會調用其成員對象lifecycle相關對應生命週期的回調方法,這裏咱們以onStart()爲例,看一下ActivityFragmentLifecycle中的方法實現:
void onStart() {
isStarted = true;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onStart();
}
}
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可見回調lifeCycleListener中的相關方法,由於RequestManager實現了lifeCycleListener接口。且在綁定階段,在RequestManager的構造方法中,將RequestManager加入到了lifeCycle中。故回調lifeCycleListener中的相關方法,能夠調用到它裏面的對request生命週期進行管理的方法。由此,實現了Request對生命週期的感知。
/**
* Lifecycle callback that registers for connectivity events (if the android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE
* permission is present) and restarts failed or paused requests.
*/
@Override
public void onStart() {
// onStart might not be called because this object may be created after the fragment/activity's onStart method. resumeRequests(); } /** * Lifecycle callback that unregisters for connectivity events (if the android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE * permission is present) and pauses in progress loads. */ @Override public void onStop() { pauseRequests(); } /** * Lifecycle callback that cancels all in progress requests and clears and recycles resources for all completed * requests. */ @Override public void onDestroy() { requestTracker.clearRequests(); } 複製代碼
基於生命週期傳遞的過程,畫了下生命週期傳遞的示意圖,以下所示:
經過對Glide生命週期綁定和傳遞整個流程過了一遍以後,你們應該對總體實現的框架有必定的瞭解。如今再來看下面一些核心類的介紹,應該更加有感觸。
理解了Glide的生命週期管理框架的實現原理,下面咱們來本身實現一個簡單的綁定頁面Activity的生命週期管理框架。
public class LifecycleDetector {
static final String FRAGMENT_TAG = "com.bumptech.glide.manager";
private static volatile LifecycleDetector sInstance;
public static LifecycleDetector getInstance() {
if (sInstance == null) {
synchronized (LifecycleDetector.class) {
if (sInstance == null) {
sInstance = new LifecycleDetector();
}
}
}
return sInstance;
}
public void observer(Activity activity, LifecycleListener lifecycleListener) {
// 獲取當前activity的FragmentManager
android.app.FragmentManager fm = activity.getFragmentManager();
// 註冊無UI的fragment
LifecycleManagerFragment current = getRequestManagerFragment(fm);
current.getLifecycle().addListener(lifecycleListener);
}
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR1)
LifecycleManagerFragment getRequestManagerFragment(final android.app.FragmentManager fm) {
LifecycleManagerFragment current = (LifecycleManagerFragment) fm.findFragmentByTag(FRAGMENT_TAG);
if (current == null) {
if (current == null) {
current = new LifecycleManagerFragment();
fm.beginTransaction().add(current, FRAGMENT_TAG).commitAllowingStateLoss();
}
}
return current;
}
}
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// 接口
public interface Lifecycle {
void addListener(LifecycleListener listener);
}
// 實現類,保存fragment和Requestmanager映射關係的類,管理LifecycleListener
public class ActivityFragmentLifecycle implements Lifecycle {
private final Set<LifecycleListener> lifecycleListeners =
Collections.newSetFromMap(new WeakHashMap<LifecycleListener, Boolean>());
private boolean isStarted;
private boolean isDestroyed;
@Override
public void addListener(LifecycleListener listener) {
lifecycleListeners.add(listener);
if (isDestroyed) {
listener.onDestroy();
} else if (isStarted) {
listener.onStart();
} else {
listener.onStop();
}
}
void onStart() {
isStarted = true;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onStart();
}
}
void onStop() {
isStarted = false;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onStop();
}
}
void onDestroy() {
isDestroyed = true;
for (LifecycleListener lifecycleListener : Util.getSnapshot(lifecycleListeners)) {
lifecycleListener.onDestroy();
}
}
}
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public class LifecycleManagerFragment extends Fragment {
private final ActivityFragmentLifecycle lifecycle;
public LifecycleManagerFragment() {
this(new ActivityFragmentLifecycle());
}
// For testing only.
@SuppressLint("ValidFragment")
LifecycleManagerFragment(ActivityFragmentLifecycle lifecycle) {
this.lifecycle = lifecycle;
}
public ActivityFragmentLifecycle getLifecycle() {
return lifecycle;
}
@Override
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
lifecycle.onStart();
}
@Override
public void onStop() {
super.onStop();
lifecycle.onStop();
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
lifecycle.onDestroy();
}
}
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public interface LifecycleListener {
/**
* Callback for when {@link android.app.Fragment#onStart()}} or {@link android.app.Activity#onStart()} is called.
*/
void onStart();
/**
* Callback for when {@link android.app.Fragment#onStop()}} or {@link android.app.Activity#onStop()}} is called.
*/
void onStop();
/**
* Callback for when {@link android.app.Fragment#onDestroy()}} or {@link android.app.Activity#onDestroy()} is
* called.
*/
void onDestroy();
}
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當以上框架所需的類定義好了以後,咱們定義一個Test類實現LifecycleListener接口。而後在Activity頁面中,好比onCreate方法中實現以下代碼:
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Test test = new Test();
LifecycleDetector.getInstance().observer(this, test);
}
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以後,咱們就能夠在Test監聽Activity頁面的生命週期變化了。具體框架的一個類圖以下所示:
具體工程代碼能夠從這裏獲取:CustomGlideLifecycleDemo
至此,關於Glide如何綁定頁面生命週期的原理講解結束。在下一篇文章如何綁定頁面生命週期(二)-基於Android Architecture Components的Lifecycle實現,將會介紹綁定頁面生命週期的另外一種方式,即基於Android Architecture Components框架的Lifecycle實現生命週期綁定。