python 微信開發入門篇-微信掃碼簽到(四)

時間 2019-11-18

原文原文鏈接

項目演示地址:https://www.szyfd.xyz/app/threewall/3dwall

新建django 項目,如剛接觸微信請移步微信開發入門篇第一章:http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-suxhvbah-c.html

1.新建app threewall

python manage.py startapp threewall

2.新建static 文件夾,配置靜態資源

配置settings.pyhtml

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)

3.安裝 channels channels_redis 用於處理web socket,pyCryptodome 處理二維碼對稱加密

pip install -U channels==2.0.2  channels_redis==2.1.1

pip install pyCryptodome

pip install django-simpleui

4.安裝完成後配置以下 settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'simpleui',
    'import_export',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app',
    'threewall',
    'channels',
]

5.threewall是咱們準備創建的簽到牆應用，接着就創建咱們的 asgi 應用，並指定其要使用的路由。在 settings 同級目錄下新建一個 routing.py 的文件：

from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter

import threewall.routing

application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    # (http->django views is added by default)
    # 普通的HTTP請求不須要咱們手動在這裏添加，框架會自動加載過來
    'websocket': AuthMiddlewareStack(
        URLRouter(
            threewall.routing.websocket_urlpatterns
        )
    ),
})

6.threewall.routing 以及 threewall.routing.websocket_urlpatterns 是咱們後面會本身創建的模塊。

緊接着，咱們須要在 Django 的配置文件中繼續配置 Channels 的 asgi 應用和通道層的信息：前端

#WSGI_APPLICATION = 'wechatDemo.wsgi.application'
ASGI_APPLICATION = "wechatDemo.routing.application" # 上面新建的 asgi 應用
CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
    'default': {
        # 這裏用到了 channels_redis
        'BACKEND': 'channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer',
        'CONFIG': {
            'hosts': [('127.0.0.1', 6379)], # 配置你本身的 redis 服務信息
        },
    }
}

7.啓動redis

windows 安裝redis地址:https://www.jianshu.com/p/e16d23e358c0python

8.設計簽到表:threewall>models.py

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models
from django.utils.crypto import random
# Create your models here.
from django.utils.html import format_html


# Create your models here.
def rename(newname):
    def decorator(fn):
        fn.__name__ = newname
        return fn
    return decorator

# 簽到表
class checkin(models.Model):
    headimgurl = models.URLField(max_length=256, default="", null=True, blank=True)
    openid = models.CharField(max_length=225, verbose_name="openid", blank=True, default="")
    nickname = models.CharField(max_length=225, verbose_name="暱稱", blank=True, default="")
    sex = models.CharField(max_length=225, verbose_name="性別", blank=True, default="")
    language = models.CharField(max_length=225, verbose_name="語言", blank=True, default="")
    city = models.CharField(max_length=225, verbose_name="城市", blank=True, default="")

    createTime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="簽到時間")
    lastTime = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, verbose_name="修改時間")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "簽到表"

    @rename("模板頭像")
    def showheadimgurl(self):
        return format_html("<img src='{}' style='width:50px'/>", self.headimgurl)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.nickname

9.threewall>modes.py

from django.contrib import admin
from threewall import models


# Register your models here.
@admin.register(models.checkin)
class orderAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ("showheadimgurl", "openid", "nickname", "sex", "language", "city", "createTime", "lastTime")
    list_display_links = ("openid", "nickname")
    search_fields = ('nickname', "openid")
    list_per_page = 50

10.threewall>views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from wechatpy.oauth import WeChatOAuth
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.http import JsonResponse, HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
import time
import datetime
from django.conf import settings
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from django.shortcuts import render
import uuid
from wechatpy import WeChatClient
import os
import json
from wechatpy import WeChatPay
from threewall import models
from wechatpy.pay import dict_to_xml
import base64
from Crypto.Cipher import AES

# Create your views here.

# 公衆號id
AppID = "xxx"
# 公衆號AppSecret
AppSecret = "xxx"

# 密鑰
key = "xxxx"
# 服務號
client = WeChatClient(AppID, AppSecret)

# 消息通道
from channels.layers import get_channel_layer

channel_layer = get_channel_layer()
from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync


# Create your views here.

def dwall(request):
    checkins = models.checkin.objects.values("headimgurl")[0:200]
    print(checkins.query)
    checkUserInfo = []
    CurPersonNum = checkins.count()
    for item in checkins:
        checkUserInfo.append({"headimgurl": item["headimgurl"]})
    if checkUserInfo.__len__() < 199:
        index = 0
        while index < (199 - checkUserInfo.__len__()):
            index += 1
            checkUserInfo.append({"headimgurl": "/static/3dwall/img/a.png"})

    aes = AES.new(add_to_16(key), AES.MODE_ECB)
    # 先進行aes加密
    ticks = str(time.time())
    encrypt_aes = aes.encrypt(add_to_16(ticks))
    # 用base64轉成字符串形式
    encrypted_text = str(base64.encodebytes(encrypt_aes), encoding='utf-8')  # 執行加密並轉碼返回bytes

    return render(request, "3dwall.html",
                  {"checkUserInfo": checkUserInfo, "CurPersonNum": CurPersonNum, "encrypted_text": encrypted_text})


# 定義受權裝飾器

def getWeChatOAuth(redirect_url):
    return WeChatOAuth(AppID, AppSecret, redirect_url, 'snsapi_userinfo')


def oauth(method):
    def warpper(request):
        if request.session.get('user_info', None) is None:
            code = request.GET.get('code', None)
            wechat_oauth = getWeChatOAuth(request.get_raw_uri())
            url = wechat_oauth.authorize_url
            print(url)
            if code:
                try:
                    wechat_oauth.fetch_access_token(code)
                    user_info = wechat_oauth.get_user_info()
                    print(user_info)
                except Exception as e:
                    print(str(e))
                    # 這裏須要處理請求裏包含的 code 無效的狀況
                    # abort(403)
                else:
                    # 建議存儲在用戶表
                    request.session['user_info'] = user_info
            else:
                return redirect(url)
        return method(request)

    return warpper


@oauth
def checkin(request):
    signature = request.GET.get("signature", None)
    if signature is None:
        return render(request, "checkerror.html")
    try:
        aes = AES.new(add_to_16(key), AES.MODE_ECB)
        # 優先逆向解密base64成bytes
        base64_decrypted = base64.decodebytes(signature.replace(' ', '+').encode(encoding='utf-8'))
        # 執行解密密並轉碼返回str
        decrypted_text = str(aes.decrypt(base64_decrypted), encoding='utf-8').replace('\0', '')
    except Exception as e:
        print("signature="+signature)
        return render(request, "expired.html")  # 二維碼已過時

    print(decrypted_text)
    ltime = time.localtime(float(decrypted_text))
    qrTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", ltime) # 沒有必要再次轉換爲時間格式

    # 得到系統當前時間-10秒,用於判斷二維碼是否過時
    d = datetime.datetime.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=-10)
    t = d.timetuple()
    timeStamp = int(time.mktime(t))
    timeStamp = float(str(timeStamp) + str("%06d" % d.microsecond)) / 1000000

    if float(decrypted_text) < timeStamp:
        return render(request, "expired.html") # 二維碼已過時

    print(qrTime)
    user_info = request.session.get('user_info')
    user_info = client.user.get(user_info["openid"])
    print(user_info)
    subscribe = user_info["subscribe"]
    if subscribe == 0:
        return render(request, "isfollow.html")

    headimgurl = user_info["headimgurl"]
    nickname = user_info["nickname"]
    ischeck = models.checkin.objects.filter(openid=user_info["openid"]).first()
    if ischeck is None:
        models.checkin.objects.create(headimgurl=headimgurl, openid=user_info["openid"],
                                      nickname=nickname, sex=user_info["sex"],
                                      language=user_info["language"],
                                      city=user_info["country"] + "-" + user_info["province"] + "-" + user_info["city"])
    else:
        ischeck.save()

    async_to_sync(channel_layer.group_send)("chat_roomName", {'type': 'chat_message',
                                                              'message': {"type": "message",
                                                                          "headimgurl": headimgurl,
                                                                          "nickname": nickname}})

    return render(request, "checkin.html")


# pip install pyCryptodome


# str不是16的倍數那就補足爲16的倍數


def add_to_16(value):
    while len(value) % 16 != 0:
        value += '\0'
    return str.encode(value)  # 返回bytes


@csrf_exempt
def signatureCheck(request):
    while True:
        time.sleep(5)
        # 初始化加密器
        aes = AES.new(add_to_16(key), AES.MODE_ECB)
        # 先進行aes加密
        ticks = str(time.time())
        encrypt_aes = aes.encrypt(add_to_16(ticks))
        # 用base64轉成字符串形式
        encrypted_text = str(base64.encodebytes(encrypt_aes), encoding='utf-8')  # 執行加密並轉碼返回bytes
        #print(encrypted_text)
        async_to_sync(channel_layer.group_send)("chat_roomName", {'type': 'chat_message',
                                                                  'message': {"type": "signatureCheck",
                                                                              "signatureCheck": encrypted_text}})

11.threewall>consumers.py

import json,uuid
import datetime
import time
from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync
import multiprocessing
from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer



class ChatConsumer(WebsocketConsumer):

    def connect(self):
        # 當 websocket 一連接上之後觸發該函數
        self.room_name = self.scope['url_route']['kwargs']['room_name']
        self.room_group_name = 'chat_%s' % self.room_name
        print(self.room_group_name)
        # 注意 `group_add` 只支持異步調用，因此這裏須要使用`async_to_sync`轉換爲同步調用
        async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_add)(
            self.room_group_name,
            self.channel_name
        )
        # 接受該連接
        self.accept()

    def disconnect(self, close_code):
        # 斷開連接是觸發該函數
        # 將該連接移出聊天室
        async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_discard)(
            self.room_group_name,
            self.channel_name
        )

    def receive(self, text_data):
        # 前端發送來消息時，經過這個接口傳遞
        text_data_json = json.loads(text_data)
        message = text_data_json['message']

        async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_send)(
            self.room_group_name,
            {
                # 這裏的type要在當前類中實現一個相應的函數，
                # 下劃線或者'.'的都會被Channels轉換爲下劃線處理，
                # 因此這裏寫 'chat.message'也沒問題
                'type': 'chat_message',
                'message': message + str(datetime.datetime.today())
            }
        )


    # 從聊天室拿到消息，後直接將消息返回回去
    def chat_message(self, event):
        message = event['message']

        # Send message to WebSocket
        self.send(text_data=json.dumps({
            'message': message
        }))

12.threewall>routing.py

from django.urls import path

from threewall import consumers

websocket_urlpatterns = [
    # 路由，指定 websocket 連接對應的 consumer
    path('ws/chat/<str:room_name>/', consumers.ChatConsumer),
]

13.wechatDemo>routing.py

from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack
from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter

import threewall.routing

application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    # (http->django views is added by default)
    # 普通的HTTP請求不須要咱們手動在這裏添加，框架會自動加載過來
    'websocket': AuthMiddlewareStack(
        URLRouter(
            threewall.routing.websocket_urlpatterns
        )
    ),
})