VMware——在CentOS中安裝VMware Tools

VMware——在CentOS中安裝VMware Tools

摘要：本文主要記錄瞭如何在VMware中的CentOS系統中，安裝VMware Tools。

安裝依賴

查看系統相關信息：

1 [root@localhost ~]# uname -r
2 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64

查看已經安裝的kernel版本：

1 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep kernel
2 kernel-tools-libs-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
3 kernel-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
4 kernel-tools-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64

若是結果列表中有同系統版本不相同的版本，即後綴不是「3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64」的版本，則須要手動卸載和系統版本不相同的版本：

1 [root@localhost ~]# yum remove kernel-3.10.0-1127.13.1.el7.x86_64

安裝所需依賴：

1 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install perl gcc gcc-c++ make cmake kernel kernel-headers kernel-devel net-tools

缺乏的包能夠下載：

https://buildlogs.centos.org/c7.1511.00/kernel

加載光驅

首先要將Vmware Tools加載到光驅裏，點擊菜單中的「虛擬機」，選擇「安裝 VMware Tools(T)...」：

掛載驅動

將加載的光驅掛載到設備目錄，一般狀況下都是將設備目錄「/dev/cdrom」掛載到「/mnt/cdrom」目錄。

先建立「/mnt/cdrom」目錄：

1 [root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom

而後進行掛載：

1 [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
2 mount: /dev/sr0 寫保護，將以只讀方式掛載

拷貝安裝包

查看掛載後的目錄，並將安裝包複製到安裝目錄：

1 [root@localhost ~]# ll /mnt/cdrom/
2 總用量 55889
3 -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root     1975 3月  22 2018 manifest.txt
4 -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root     4393 3月  22 2018 run_upgrader.sh
5 -r--r--r--. 1 root root 55485539 3月  22 2018 VMwareTools-10.2.5-8068393.tar.gz
6 -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root   843372 3月  22 2018 vmware-tools-upgrader-32
7 -r-xr-xr-x. 1 root root   893640 3月  22 2018 vmware-tools-upgrader-64
8 [root@localhost ~]# cp /mnt/cdrom/VMwareTools-10.2.5-8068393.tar.gz ~

解除掛載

既然已經複製了安裝包，那麼就能夠解除掛載了：

1 [root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/cdrom

安裝

解壓並安裝：

1 [root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf VMwareTools-10.2.5-8068393.tar.gz
2 ...
3 vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl
4 [root@localhost ~]# ./vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl

安裝過程以下：

  1 [root@localhost ~]# ./vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl
  2 open-vm-tools packages are available from the OS vendor and VMware recommends
  3 using open-vm-tools packages. See http://kb.vmware.com/kb/2073803 for more
  4 information.
  5 Do you still want to proceed with this installation? [no]
  6 
  7 INPUT: [no]  default
  8 
  9 [root@localhost ~]# ./vmware-tools-distrib/vmware-install.pl
 10 open-vm-tools packages are available from the OS vendor and VMware recommends
 11 using open-vm-tools packages. See http://kb.vmware.com/kb/2073803 for more
 12 information.
 13 Do you still want to proceed with this installation? [no] yes
 14 
 15 INPUT: [yes]
 16 
 17 Creating a new VMware Tools installer database using the tar4 format.
 18 
 19 Installing VMware Tools.
 20 
 21 In which directory do you want to install the binary files?
 22 [/usr/bin]
 23 
 24 INPUT: [/usr/bin]  default
 25 
 26 What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?
 27 [/etc/rc.d]
 28 
 29 INPUT: [/etc/rc.d]  default
 30 
 31 What is the directory that contains the init scripts?
 32 [/etc/rc.d/init.d]
 33 
 34 INPUT: [/etc/rc.d/init.d]  default
 35 
 36 In which directory do you want to install the daemon files?
 37 [/usr/sbin]
 38 
 39 INPUT: [/usr/sbin]  default
 40 
 41 In which directory do you want to install the library files?
 42 [/usr/lib/vmware-tools]
 43 
 44 INPUT: [/usr/lib/vmware-tools]  default
 45 
 46 The path "/usr/lib/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program is
 47 going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?
 48 [yes]
 49 
 50 INPUT: [yes]  default
 51 
 52 In which directory do you want to install the common agent library files?
 53 [/usr/lib]
 54 
 55 INPUT: [/usr/lib]  default
 56 
 57 In which directory do you want to install the common agent transient files?
 58 [/var/lib]
 59 
 60 INPUT: [/var/lib]  default
 61 
 62 In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?
 63 [/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]
 64 
 65 INPUT: [/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools]  default
 66 
 67 The path "/usr/share/doc/vmware-tools" does not exist currently. This program
 68 is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you
 69 want? [yes]
 70 
 71 INPUT: [yes]  default
 72 
 73 The installation of VMware Tools 10.2.5 build-8068393 for Linux completed
 74 successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any
 75 time by invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall-tools.pl".
 76 
 77 Before running VMware Tools for the first time, you need to configure it by
 78 invoking the following command: "/usr/bin/vmware-config-tools.pl". Do you want
 79 this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]
 80 
 81 INPUT: [yes]  default
 82 
 83 Initializing...
 84 
 85 
 86 Making sure services for VMware Tools are stopped.
 87 
 88 Stopping Thinprint services in the virtual machine:
 89    Stopping Virtual Printing daemon:                                   done
 90 Stopping vmware-tools (via systemctl):  [  肯定  ]
 91 
 92 
 93 The module vmci has already been installed on this system by another installer
 94 or package and will not be modified by this installer.
 95 
 96 The module vsock has already been installed on this system by another installer
 97 or package and will not be modified by this installer.
 98 
 99 The module vmxnet3 has already been installed on this system by another
100 installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.
101 
102 The module pvscsi has already been installed on this system by another
103 installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.
104 
105 The module vmmemctl has already been installed on this system by another
106 installer or package and will not be modified by this installer.
107 
108 The VMware Host-Guest Filesystem allows for shared folders between the host OS
109 and the guest OS in a Fusion or Workstation virtual environment.  Do you wish
110 to enable this feature? [yes]
111 
112 INPUT: [yes]  default
113 
114 
115 Before you can compile modules, you need to have the following installed...
116 
117 make
118 gcc
119 kernel headers of the running kernel
120 
121 
122 Searching for GCC...
123 Detected GCC binary at "/bin/gcc".
124 The path "/bin/gcc" appears to be a valid path to the gcc binary.
125 Would you like to change it? [no]
126 
127 INPUT: [no]  default
128 
129 Searching for a valid kernel header path...
130 Detected the kernel headers at
131 "/lib/modules/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64/build/include".
132 The path "/lib/modules/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64/build/include" appears to be a
133 valid path to the 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 kernel headers.
134 Would you like to change it? [no]
135 
136 INPUT: [no]  default
137 
138 Using kernel build system.
139 make: 進入目錄「/tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only」
140 /bin/make -C /lib/modules/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \
141   MODULEBUILDDIR= modules
142 make[1]: 進入目錄「/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64」
143   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/message.o
144   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/dir.o
145   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/request.o
146   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/filesystem.o
147   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/cpName.o
148   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/rpcout.o
149   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/stubs.o
150   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/hgfsUtil.o
151   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/hgfsEscape.o
152   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/link.o
153   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/transport.o
154   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/module.o
155   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/file.o
156   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/super.o
157   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/bdhandler.o
158   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/fsutil.o
159   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/cpNameLinux.o
160   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/hgfsBd.o
161   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/backdoorGcc64.o
162   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/page.o
163   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/backdoor.o
164   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/inode.o
165   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/dentry.o
166   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/cpNameLite.o
167   CC [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/kernelStubsLinux.o
168   LD [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.o
169   Building modules, stage 2.
170   MODPOST 1 modules
171   CC      /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.mod.o
172   LD [M]  /tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only/vmhgfs.ko
173 make[1]: 離開目錄「/usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64」
174 /bin/make -C $PWD SRCROOT=$PWD/. \
175   MODULEBUILDDIR= postbuild
176 make[1]: 進入目錄「/tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only」
177 make[1]: 「postbuild」是最新的。
178 make[1]: 離開目錄「/tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only」
179 cp -f vmhgfs.ko ./../vmhgfs.o
180 make: 離開目錄「/tmp/modconfig-ZhY8Lb/vmhgfs-only」
181 
182 The vmxnet driver is no longer supported on kernels 3.3 and greater. Please
183 upgrade to a newer virtual NIC. (e.g., vmxnet3 or e1000e)
184 
185 The vmblock enables dragging or copying files between host and guest in a
186 Fusion or Workstation virtual environment.  Do you wish to enable this feature?
187 [yes]
188 
189 INPUT: [yes]  default
190 
191 NOTICE:  It appears your system does not have the required fuse packages
192 installed.  The VMware blocking filesystem requires the fuse packages and its
193 libraries to function properly.  Please install the fuse or fuse-utils package
194 using your systems package management utility and re-run this script in order
195 to enable the VMware blocking filesystem.
196 
197 VMware automatic kernel modules enables automatic building and installation of
198 VMware kernel modules at boot that are not already present. This feature can
199 be enabled/disabled by re-running vmware-config-tools.pl.
200 
201 Would you like to enable VMware automatic kernel modules?
202 [yes]
203 
204 INPUT: [yes]  default
205 
206 Do you want to enable Guest Authentication (vgauth)? Enabling vgauth is needed
207 if you want to enable Common Agent (caf). [yes]
208 
209 INPUT: [yes]  default
210 
211 Do you want to enable Common Agent (caf)? [no]
212 
213 INPUT: [no]  default
214 
215 No X install found.
216 
217 Creating a new initrd boot image for the kernel.
218 Generating the key and certificate files.
219 Successfully generated the key and certificate files.
220 manageSELinux install: The 'semanage' utility was not found.
221 There was an error configuring the SELinux security context for VMware Tools.  
222 Please make certain that SELinux is configured correctly.
223 
224 The configuration of VMware Tools 10.2.5 build-8068393 for Linux for this
225 running kernel completed successfully.
226 
227 You must restart your X session before any mouse or graphics changes take
228 effect.
229 
230 To enable advanced X features (e.g., guest resolution fit, drag and drop, and
231 file and text copy/paste), you will need to do one (or more) of the following:
232 1. Manually start /usr/bin/vmware-user
233 2. Log out and log back into your desktop session
234 3. Restart your X session.
235 
236 Enjoy,
237 
238 --the VMware team
239 
240 [root@localhost ~]#