在ZABBIX服務端能夠看到各個節點客戶端主機的詳細信息,可是觀察各個節點時,同一時刻只能觀察到一個,以下圖所示。
php
如今想將全部節點主機的一些信息經過腳本調用API讀取出來,錄入到數據庫,以供其餘模塊使用,查了一些相關資料,將大概思路記錄下來。node
ZABBIX API的官方網址:https://www.zabbix.com/docume...
Python的zabbix-api網址:https://github.com/gescheit/s...
使用zabbix-api這個python第三方庫讓開發變得更爲簡潔。python
一、安裝zabbix-api
首先要安裝這個第三方庫,一個命令就能夠搞定:git
# pip install zabbix-api
這裏使用pip進行安裝,沒有安裝pip的童鞋請自行百度安裝pipgithub
二、獲取各個節點主機的信息
(1)首先要鏈接並登陸zabbix服務端,兩條語句就能夠搞定(開源是多麼重要呀)數據庫
#!/usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 from zabbix_api import ZabbixAPI server = "your server address" username = "your user name" password = "your password" zapi = ZabbixAPI(server=server, path="", log_level=6) zapi.login(username, password)
看看,是否是很簡單,固然也能夠本身寫,有興趣的能夠看看相關資料。此時運行一下,能夠看到相關打印:json
20: url: http://xxxxx/zabbix//api_jsonrpc.php 10: Trying to login with 'xxxxx':'md5(xxxxx)' 10: json_obj: {'params': {'password': 'xxxxx', 'user': 'xxxxx'}, 'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'method': 'user.login', 'id': 0} 20: Sending: {"params": {"password": "xxxxx", "user": "xxxxx"}, "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "id": 0} 10: Sending headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc', 'User-Agent': 'python/zabbix_api'} 20: Response Code: 200 10: Response Body: {u'jsonrpc': u'2.0', u'result': u'271eca6ecbd4640c33f822cfaea4f0b5', u'id': 0}
Response Code爲200,應該都知道,表示請求成功了.api
(2)獲取節點主機
因爲個人節點主機都在同一"Host groups"下面,所以我一次性獲取所有節點主機的信息。好了,這是須要將API文檔拿出來查閱。由於是獲取相關信息,因此使用hostgroup.get這個API函數。這個API函數說明在這裏:https://www.zabbix.com/docume...
如今簡單的貼下一代碼:數據結構
hostgroup_name = "your host group name" hostids = zapi.hostgroup.get( { "filter": { "name": hostgroup_name }, "selectHosts": ["hostid", "host"] } ) print json.dumps(hostids, indent=4)
在這個json語句中,有個關鍵參數filter,查閱官方文檔:
這裏只返回名爲"hostgroup_name",即你本身的hostgroup分組下面的全部主機。我這裏只返回這些主機的"hostid"和"host"。
注意,zapi.hostgroup.get返回的是python數據結構,爲了方便調試代碼,print時注意把python數據結構在轉化爲json文件,打印信息以下。app
10: json_obj: {'params': {'filter': {'name': 'xxxxx'}, 'selectHosts': ['hostid', 'host']}, 'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'method': 'hostgroup.get', 'auth': u'af7401886734c31defdface109ed171e', 'id': 1} 20: Sending: {"params": {"filter": {"name": "xxxxx"}, "selectHosts": ["hostid", "host"]}, "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "hostgroup.get", "auth": "af7401886734c31defdface109ed171e", "id": 1} 10: Sending headers: {'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc', 'User-Agent': 'python/zabbix_api'} 20: Response Code: 200 10: Response Body: {u'jsonrpc': u'2.0', u'result': [{u'hosts': [{u'host': u'pc00000011.mknode.cn', u'hostid': u'10274'}, {u'host': u'pc00000013.mknode.cn', u'hostid': u'10275'}, {u'host': u'pc00000015.mknode.cn', u'hostid': u'10276'}, {u'host': u'pc00000012.mknode.cn', u'hostid': u'10277'}, {u'host': u'pc00000016.mknode.cn', u'hostid': u'10278'}, u'internal': u'0', u'flags': u'0', u'groupid': u'15', u'name': u'xxxxx'}], u'id': 1} [ { "hosts": [ { "host": "pc00000011.mknode.cn", "hostid": "10274" }, { "host": "pc00000013.mknode.cn", "hostid": "10275" }, { "host": "pc00000015.mknode.cn", "hostid": "10276" }, { "host": "pc00000012.mknode.cn", "hostid": "10277" }, { "host": "pc00000016.mknode.cn", "hostid": "10278" }, ], "internal": "0", "flags": "0", "groupid": "15", "name": "xxxxx" } ]
關於json.dumps()、json.loads():
json.dumps():dict轉爲str
json.loads():str轉爲dict
(3)獲取節點主機具體信息
這個就太豐富啦,具體問題看具體API,這裏以查看內存剩餘容量爲例吧。
memfree_get = zapi.item.get( { "hostids": [host_cnt['hostid']], "filter": { "key_": ["vm.memory.size[available]"] # "name": ["Available memory"] } }) memfree_get_last = memfree_get[0]["lastvalue"] print json.dumps(memfree_get,indent=4)
查看打印信息:
10: Response Body: {u'jsonrpc': u'2.0', u'result': [{u'itemid': u'29401', u'username': u'', u'snmpv3_contextname': u'', u'inventory_link': u'0', u'mtime': u'0', u'authtype': u'0', u'trends': u'365d', u'snmpv3_authpassphrase': u'', u'snmp_oid': u'', u'snmpv3_securitylevel': u'0', u'port': u'', u'lastns': u'31272984', u'master_itemid': u'0', u'logtimefmt': u'', u'jmx_endpoint': u'', u'delay': u'1m', u'publickey': u'', u'state': u'0', u'params': u'', u'snmpv3_securityname': u'', u'formula': u'', u'type': u'7', u'snmpv3_authprotocol': u'0', u'prevvalue': u'3426082816', u'status': u'0', u'lastlogsize': u'0', u'lastclock': u'1523192709', u'snmp_community': u'', u'description': u'Available memory is defined as free+cached+buffers memory.', u'evaltype': u'0', u'trapper_hosts': u'', u'lastvalue': u'3425476608', u'units': u'B', u'value_type': u'3', u'templateid': u'22181', u'snmpv3_privprotocol': u'0', u'password': u'', u'interfaceid': u'0', u'snmpv3_privpassphrase': u'', u'hostid': u'10276', u'key_': u'vm.memory.size[available]', u'name': u'Available memory', u'privatekey': u'', u'lifetime': u'0', u'valuemapid': u'0', u'flags': u'0', u'error': u'', u'ipmi_sensor': u'', u'history': u'1w'}], u'id': 19} [ { "itemid": "29401", "username": "", "snmpv3_contextname": "", "inventory_link": "0", "mtime": "0", "authtype": "0", "trends": "365d", "snmpv3_authpassphrase": "", "snmp_oid": "", "snmpv3_securitylevel": "0", "port": "", "lastns": "31272984", "master_itemid": "0", "logtimefmt": "", "jmx_endpoint": "", "delay": "1m", "publickey": "", "state": "0", "params": "", "snmpv3_securityname": "", "formula": "", "type": "7", "snmpv3_authprotocol": "0", "prevvalue": "3426082816", "status": "0", "lastlogsize": "0", "lastclock": "1523192709", "snmp_community": "", "description": "Available memory is defined as free+cached+buffers memory.", "evaltype": "0", "trapper_hosts": "", "lastvalue": "3425476608", "units": "B", "value_type": "3", "templateid": "22181", "snmpv3_privprotocol": "0", "password": "", "interfaceid": "0", "snmpv3_privpassphrase": "", "hostid": "10276", "key_": "vm.memory.size[available]", "name": "Available memory", "privatekey": "", "lifetime": "0", "valuemapid": "0", "flags": "0", "error": "", "ipmi_sensor": "", "history": "1w" } ]
此次以json格式打印的優點就凸顯出來了,」Response Body「爲未進行json轉碼前的python數據結構。若是不知道剩餘內存容量該怎麼從memfree_get中取出,能夠從打印信息中查看,很顯然,字段"lastvalue"就是最新剩餘內存值:
memfree_get_last = memfree_get[0]["lastvalue"]
這樣咱們就將該值取出,錄入數據庫就OK了,獲取其餘信息也是一樣的道理。
這裏須要說明的是,我前面獲取的是全部節點主機的信息,而我是每獲取完一個節點主機就會錄入數據庫,因此採用了循環遍歷全部節點主機信息。"hostids": [host_cnt['hostid']]就指當前的主機信息。
一、有問題,看文檔二、合理利用第三方庫,讓開發變得更加高效