安裝部署ELK系統監控Azure China的NSG和WAF Log

ELK是一個開源的產品,其官網是:https://www.elastic.co/css

ELK主要保護三個產品:html

  1. Elasticsearch:是基於 JSON 的分佈式搜索和分析引擎,專爲實現水平擴展、高可用和管理便捷性而設計。
  2. Logstash :是動態數據收集管道,擁有可擴展的插件生態系統,可以與 Elasticsearch 產生強大的協同做用。
  3. Kibana :可以以圖表的形式呈現數據,而且具備可擴展的用戶界面,供您全方位配置和管理。

本文將介紹ELK三個組件的安裝和配置,並介紹如何經過ELK監控Azure China的NSG Log。具體的拓撲結構以下:java

最左邊的Azure China上開啓了Network Watcher功能,NSG的各類日誌信息將發送到Azure Storage存儲帳戶。node

中間是ELK組件,包括上面提到的Logstash,並安裝了Azure Blob的插件,Logstash會從指定的Azure存儲帳戶得到NSG的log文件。Logstash把log獲取後,以必定的格式發送到兩臺Elastic Search組成的集羣。Kibanalinux

一 環境準備git

1 安裝Java環境github

本環境安裝的是1.8.0的jdk:json

yum install -y java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel

2 修改hosts文件vim

echo "10.1.4.4 node1" >> /etc/hosts
echo "10.1.5.4 node2" >> /etc/hosts

3 修改iptables和selinuxapi

iptables -F
setenforce 0

二 Elasticsearch的安裝和配置

1 添加YUM源

導入key:

rpm --import https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch

添加YUM源文件:

vim /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo
[elasticsearch-5.x]
name=Elasticsearch repository for5.x packages
baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/5.x/yum
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
enabled=1
autorefresh=1
type=rpm-md

2 安裝elasticsearch

yum install elasticsearch -y
systemctl enable elasticsearch

3 配置elasticsearch

編輯配置文件:

vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
cat ./elasticsearch.yml | grep -v "#"
cluster.name: es-cluster
node.name: node1
path.data: /var/lib/elasticsearch
path.logs: /var/lib/elasticsearch
network.host: 0.0.0.0
http.port: 9200
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["node1", "node2"]
discovery.zen.minimum_master_nodes: 2

在node2上的node.name配置成node2

4 啓動elasticsearch

systemctl start elasticsearch
systemctl status elasticsearch

能夠看到訪問是running狀態。

經過netstat -tunlp查看ES的端口9200和9300是否啓動:

經過下面的命令查看節點信息:

curl -XGET 'http://10.1.4.4:9200/?pretty'
curl -XGET 'http://10.1.4.4:9200/_cat/nodes?v'

其中*號的標識是master節點。

固然經過瀏覽器也能夠瀏覽相應的信息:

日誌在配置文件中定義的/var/lib/elasticsearch內,能夠查看這裏ES啓動是否正常。

三 logstash的安裝

Logstash是整個ELK安裝過程當中比較複雜的一個。具體安裝配置過程以下:

1 安裝logstash

Logstash能夠安裝在一個節點上,也能夠安裝在多個節點上。本文將安裝在node1上:

yum install -y logstash
systemctl enable logstash
ln -s /usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash /usr/bin/logstash

2 配置logstash

vim /etc/logstash/logstash.yml
cat ./logstash.yml | grep -v "#"
path.data: /var/lib/logstash
path.config: /etc/logstash/conf.d
path.logs: /var/log/logstash

3 更改logstash相關文件的權限

在安裝的過程當中會發現logstash安裝後,其文件的權限設置有問題,須要把相關的文件和文件夾的設置正確:

chown logstash:logstash /var/log/logstash/ -R
chmod 777 /var/log/messages
mkdir -p /usr/share/logstash/config/
ln -s /etc/logstash/* /usr/share/logstash/config
chown -R logstash:logstash /usr/share/logstash/config/
mkdir -p /var/lib/logstash/queue
chown -R logstash:logstash /var/lib/logstash/queue

3 配置pipeline

Logstash的相關培訓和文檔能夠在elk的官網上找到,簡單來講,logstash包含input,filter和output幾個區域,其中input和output是必須配置的。

以官網教程https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/logstash/current/getting-started-with-logstash.html 爲例:

/usr/share/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input { stdin { } } output { stdout {} }'

將filebeat做爲輸入組件的例子:

安裝filebeat:

curl -L -O https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/filebeat/filebeat-6.2.1-x86_64.rpm
rpm -vi filebeat-6.2.1-x86_64.rpm

下載demo文件:

wget https://download.elastic.co/demos/logstash/gettingstarted/logstash-tutorial.log.gz
gzip -d logstash-tutorial.log.gz

配置filebeat:

vim /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml
cat /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml |grep -v "#"
filebeat.prospectors:
- type: log
  enabled: true
  paths:
- /var/log/ logstash-tutorial.log
  output.logstash:
  hosts: ["localhost:5044"]

配置pipeline文件:

vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/logstash.conf
input
{
beats { port => "5044" }
}
output
{
file { path => "/var/log/logstash/output.out" }
stdout { codec => rubydebug }
}

測試配置:

cd /etc/logstash/conf.d
logstash -f logstash.conf --config.test_and_exit
logstash -f logstash.conf --config.reload.automatic

經過netstat -tunlp能夠看到5044端口已經打開,等待filebeatd 輸入。

運行filebeat:

filebeat -e -c /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml -d "publish"

須要注意的是,在第二次運行時,須要刪除register文件:

cd /var/lib/filebeat/
rm registry

此時能夠看到logstash的console有日誌輸出,定義的文件也有記錄。格式以下:

{
"@timestamp" => 2018-02-10T02:37:47.166Z,
"offset" => 24248,
"@version" => "1",
"beat" => {
"name" => "udrtest01",
"hostname" => "udrtest01",
"version" => "6.2.1"
},
"host" => "udrtest01",
"prospector" => {
"type" => "log"
},
"source" => "/var/log/logstash-tutorial.log",
"message" => "86.1.76.62 - - [04/Jan/2015:05:30:37 +0000] \"GET /reset.css HTTP/1.1\" 200 1015 \"http://www.semicomplete.com/projects/xdotool/\" \"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:24.0) Gecko/20140205 Firefox/24.0 Iceweasel/24.3.0\"",
"tags" => [
[0] "beats_input_codec_plain_applied"
]
}

 

更改input,改成文件輸入:

input
{
file { path => "/var/log/messages" }
beats { port => "5044" }
}

能夠看到新增長的日誌會輸出到logstash的console,同時記錄到output.out文件中。

三. Kibana的安裝和配置

1 Kibana的安裝

yum install kibana -y
systemctl enable kibana

2 配置Kibana

vim /etc/kibana/kibana.yml
cat /etc/kibana/kibana.yml -v "#"
server.port: 5601
server.host: "0.0.0.0"
elasticsearch.url: "http://10.1.5.4:9200"

啓動kibana

systemctl start kibana

3 查看Kibana

經過VM的metadata查看VM的PIP地址:

curl -H Metadata:true http://169.254.169.254/metadak?api-version=2017-08-01

查找到公網IP地址後,在瀏覽器中瀏覽Kibana:

建立一個index,在discover中能夠看到相關的日誌:

在Kibana的Dev Tools上能夠查看和刪除相關的信息:

四 Logstash支持Azure Blob做爲input查看NSG Log

1 Logstash的Azure Blob插件的安裝

具體的信息請參考:

https://github.com/Azure/azure-diagnostics-tools/tree/master/Logstash/logstash-input-azureblob

安裝命令爲:

logstash-plugin install logstash-input-azureblob

2 配置

根據上面連接的文檔,把相關信息填入。

其中須要填寫endpoint,把其指向China的endpoint:

vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/nsg.conf
input {
azureblob
{
storage_account_name => "xxxx"
storage_access_key => "xxxx"
container => "insights-logs-networksecuritygroupflowevent"
endpoint => "core.chinacloudapi.cn"
codec => "json"
file_head_bytes => 12
file_tail_bytes => 2
}
}
filter {
split { field => "[records]" }
split { field => "[records][properties][flows]"}
split { field => "[records][properties][flows][flows]"}
split { field => "[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples]"}
mutate {
split => { "[records][resourceId]" => "/"}
add_field => {"Subscription" => "%{[records][resourceId][2]}"
"ResourceGroup" => "%{[records][resourceId][4]}"
"NetworkSecurityGroup" => "%{[records][resourceId][8]}"}
convert => {"Subscription" => "string"}
convert => {"ResourceGroup" => "string"}
convert => {"NetworkSecurityGroup" => "string"}
split => { "[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples]" => ","}
add_field => {
"unixtimestamp" => "%{[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples][0]}"
"srcIp" => "%{[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples][1]}"
"destIp" => "%{[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples][2]}"
"srcPort" => "%{[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples][3]}"
"destPort" => "%{[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples][4]}"
"protocol" => "%{[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples][5]}"
"trafficflow" => "%{[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples][6]}"
"traffic" => "%{[records][properties][flows][flows][flowTuples][7]}"
}
convert => {"unixtimestamp" => "integer"}
convert => {"srcPort" => "integer"}
convert => {"destPort" => "integer"}
}
date{
match => ["unixtimestamp" , "UNIX"]
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => "localhost"
index => "nsg-flow-logs"
}
}

在Kibana上能夠看到相關信息:

五 Logstash支持Azure Blob做爲input查看WAF Log

相似的,把WAF的log發送到Azure Storage中,命令爲:

Set-AzureRmDiagnosticSetting -ResourceId /subscriptions/<subscriptionId>/resourceGroups/<resource group name>/providers/Microsoft.Network/applicationGateways/<application gateway name> -StorageAccountId /subscriptions/<subscriptionId>/resourceGroups/<resource group name>/providers/Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/<storage account name> -Enabled $true

在cu存儲帳戶有了日誌後,經過配置logstash,把日誌讀入logstash,再發送給ES,在Kibana上展示。

Firewall log的配置爲:

input {
azureblob
{
storage_account_name => "xxxxx"
storage_access_key => "xxxxxx"
container => "insights-logs-applicationgatewayaccesslog"
endpoint => "core.chinacloudapi.cn"
codec => "json"
}
}
filter {
date{
match => ["unixtimestamp" , "UNIX"]
}
}
output {
elasticsearch {
hosts => "localhost"
index => "waf-access-logs"
}}

能夠看到相關的信息:

六總結

經過ELK工具,能夠把Azure上的相關服務日誌進行圖形化的分析。

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