Python以前端 JavaScript、Dom、jQuery

時間 2019-12-13

標籤 python 前端 javascript dom jquery 欄目 Python 简体版

原文原文鏈接

JavaScript、Dom、jQuery

本節內容：javascript

JavaScript基礎
Dom編程
jQeury

JavaScript基礎

JavaScript是一種屬於網絡的腳本語言,已經被普遍用於Web應用開發,經常使用來爲網頁添加各式各樣的動態功能,爲用戶提供更流暢美觀的瀏覽效果。一般JavaScript腳本是經過嵌入在HTML中來實現自身的功能的。php

一、存在形式css

1、文件形式
    <script src="js/oldboy.js"></script>
2、嵌入html
    <script type='text/javascript'>alert('page');</script>

二、代碼塊的位置html

　　<body>標籤內的代碼底部java

三、變量和函數的聲明jquery

1、全局變量和局部變量
    name ＝ 'xs'
    var name ＝ 'xs'
 
2、基本函數和自執行函數
    function Foo(arg){
        console.log(arg);
    }
 
    (function (arg) {
        alert(arg);
    })('xs')

四、字符串經常使用方法和屬性web

obj.trim()
obj.charAt(index)
obj.substring(start,end)
obj.indexOf(char)
obj.length

五、數組ajax

聲明，如：
    var array = Array() 或 var array = []
 
添加
    obj.push(ele)                   追加
    obj.unshift(ele)                最前插入
    obj.splice(index,0,'content')   指定索引插入
 
移除
    obj.pop()                       數組尾部獲取
    obj.shift()                     數組頭部獲取
    obj.splice(index,count)         數組指定位置後count個字符
 
切片
    obj.slice(start,end)           
 
合併
    newArray ＝ obj1.concat(obj2)   
 
翻轉
    obj.reverse()
 
字符串化
    obj.join('_')
 
長度
    obj.length

注意：字典是一種特殊的數組編程

六、循環數組

var a = '123456789';
for(var i=0;i<10;i++){
     console.log(a[i]);
}<br>
for(var item in a){
     console.log(a[item]);
}

七、異常處理

try{
    
}catch(e) {
     
}finally{
     
}

DOM編程

文件對象模型（Document Object Model，簡稱DOM），是W3C組織推薦的處理可擴展標誌語言的標準編程接口。

選擇器：

document.getElementById('id')
document.getElementsByName('name')
document.getElementsByTagName('tagname')

經常使用函數：

建立標籤，document.createElement('a')
獲取或者修改樣式
obj.className
獲取或設置屬性
setattribute(key,val) getattribute(key)
獲取或修改樣式中的屬性
obj.style.屬性
提交表單
document.geElementById(‘form’).submit()

經常使用事件：

onclick
onblur
onfocus
on...

onload和ready
    body標籤添加onload事件 或者 window.onload = function(){} 
        覆蓋上一個onload只能註冊一次，而ready就能夠屢次註冊
    $(document).ready(function(){}) 或者 $(function(){})
onload是全部DOM元素建立、圖片加載完畢後才觸發的。而ready則是DOM元素建立完畢後觸發的，不等圖片加載完畢。圖片還麼有渲染，就能夠進行事件的執行。

其餘函數：

console.log()
location.href = "url" 和 open('url')
alert()
confirm()
setInterval("alert()",2000); clearInterval(obj)
setTimeout(); clearTimeout(obj)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset='utf-8' >
        <title>歡迎blue shit蒞臨指導&nbsp;&nbsp;</title>
        <script type='text/javascript'>
            function Go(){
                var content = document.title;
                var firstChar = content.charAt(0)
                var sub = content.substring(1,content.length)
                document.title = sub + firstChar;
            }
            setInterval('Go()',1000);
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>    
    </body>
</html>

跑馬燈

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset='utf-8' />
        <title></title>
        
        <style>
            .gray{
                color:gray;
            }
            .black{
                color:black;
            }
        </style>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            function Enter(){
               var id= document.getElementById("tip")
               id.className = 'black';
               if(id.value=='請輸入關鍵字'||id.value.trim()==''){
                    id.value = ''
               }
            }
            function Leave(){
                var id= document.getElementById("tip")
                var val = id.value;
                if(val.length==0||id.value.trim()==''){
                    id.value = '請輸入關鍵字'
                    id.className = 'gray';
                }else{
                    id.className = 'black';
                }
            }
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <input type='text' class='gray' id='tip' value='請輸入關鍵字' onfocus='Enter();'  onblur='Leave();'/>
    </body>
</html>

搜索框

jQuery

jQuery是一個兼容多瀏覽器的javascript庫，核心理念是write less,do more(寫得更少,作得更多)，對javascript進行了封裝，是的更加便捷的開發，而且在兼容性方面十分優秀。

選擇器和篩選
屬性
css
文檔處理
事件
擴展
ajax

ps：鏈式編程

更多見：http://www.php100.com/manual/jquery/

實例

返回頂部

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style>
        .back{
            position: fixed;
            bottom: 0px;
            right: 0px;
        }
        .hide{
            display: none;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

<div style="height: 2000px;"></div>

<div onclick="GoTop()" class="back hide">返回頂部</div>

<script src="jquery-1.8.2.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

    function GoTop(){
        //返回頂部
        $(window).scrollTop(0);
    }

    $(function(){

        $(window).scroll(function(){
            //當滾動滑輪時，執行函數體

            //獲取當前滑輪滾動的高度
            var top = $(window).scrollTop();

            if(top>100){
                //展現「返回頂部」
                $('.back').removeClass('hide');
            }else{
                //隱藏「返回頂部」
                $('.back').addClass('hide');
            }
        });
    });

</script>

</body>
</html>

demo

終極版下載

多選框

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset='utf-8' />
        <title></title>
        <script type="text/javascript" src='jquery-1.8.2.js'></script>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            $(function(){
                $('#selectAll').click(function(){
                    $('#checklist :checkbox').prop('checked',true);
                })
                $('#unselectAll').click(function(){
                    $('#checklist :checkbox').prop('checked',false);
                })
                $('#reverseAll').click(function(){
                    $('#checklist :checkbox').each(function(){
                        $(this).prop('checked',!$(this).prop('checked'))
                    })
                })

            })            
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <div id='checklist'>
            <input type='checkbox' value='1'/>籃球
            <input type='checkbox' value='2'/>足球
            <input type='checkbox' value='3'/>羽毛球
        </div>
        <input type='button' value='全選' id='selectAll' />
        <input type='button' value='不選' id='unselectAll' />
        <input type='button' value='反選' id='reverseAll' />
    </body>
</html>

View Code

菜單

.hide{
    display: none;
}

.container{
    width:300px;
    height: 600px;
    background-color: #ddd;
    border: 1px solid #999;
}

.container .title{
    height: 38px;
    font-size: 28px;
    line-height: 38px;
    background-color: orange;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.container .body{
    background-color:white;
}

.container .body a{
    display:block;
    padding: 10px;
}

css

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
    <head>
        <meta charset='utf-8' />
        <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="common.css" />
        <script type="text/javascript" src='jquery-1.8.2.js'></script>

    </head>
    <body>
        <div class='container'>
            <div>
                <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                <div class='body'>
                    <a href="">content1</a>
                    <a href="">content2</a>
                    <a href="">content3</a>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div>
                <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                <div class='body hide'>
                    <a href="">content1</a>
                    <a href="">content2</a>
                    <a href="">content3</a>
                </div>
            </div>

            <div>
                <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                <div class='body hide'>
                    <a href="">content1</a>
                    <a href="">content2</a>
                    <a href="">content3</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            
            <div>
                <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                <div class='body hide'>
                    <a href="">content1</a>
                    <a href="">content2</a>
                    <a href="">content3</a>
                </div>
            </div>
            
            <div>
                <div class='title'>Menu1</div>
                <div class='body hide'>
                    <a href="">content1</a>
                    <a href="">content2</a>
                    <a href="">content3</a>
                </div>
            </div>

        </div>

        <script type="text/javascript">
            $(function(){
                $('.title').click(function(){
                    $(this).parent().siblings().children('.body').addClass('hide');
                    $(this).next().removeClass('hide');
                });
            });
        </script>
    </body>
</html>

Html

Tab

/*公共開始*/
body {
    margin: 0 auto;
    font-family: Arial;
    _font-family: 宋體,Arial;
    font-size: 12px;
}
body, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, pre, code, form, fieldset, legend, input, button, textarea, p, blockquote, th, td, figure, div {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

ol, ul, li {
    list-style: none;
}
a{
    cursor:pointer;
    text-decoration:none;
}
/*a:hover{
    color: #F60 !important;
    text-decoration: underline;
}*/
img{
    border:none;
    border-width:0px;
}
table{
    border-collapse: collapse;
    border-spacing: 0;
}

.red{
    color: #c00!important;
}
.m8{
    margin:8px;
}
.mt10{
    margin-top:10px;
}
.mt20{
    margin-top:20px;
}
.mr5{
    margin-right:5px;
}
.ml5{
    margin-left:5px;
}

.ml10{
    margin-left:10px;
}

.mb10{
    margin-bottom:10px;
}
.pt18{
    padding-top:18px;
}
.pt20{
    padding-top:20px;
}
.pb20{
    padding-bottom:20px;
}
.nbr{
    border-right:0px;
}
.font12{
    font-size:12px;
}
.font14{
    font-size:14px;
}
.font16{
    font-size:16px;
}
.bold{
    font-weight:bold;
}
.left{
    float:left;
}
.right{
    float:right;
}
.hide{
    display:none;
}
.show{
     display:table;
}
.clearfix{
    clear:both;
}
.clearfix:after {
    content: ".";
    display: block;
    height: 0;
    clear: both;
    visibility: hidden;
}
* html .clearfix {zoom: 1;}

.container{
    width:1190px;
    margin-left:auto;
    margin-right:auto;

}

.group-box-1 .title{
    height: 33px;
    line-height: 33px;
    border: 1px solid #DDD;
    background: #f5f5f5;
    padding-top: 0;
    padding-left: 0;
                
}
.group-box-1 .title .title-font{
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei','SimHei';
    font-weight: bold;
    color: #333;
    padding-left: 10px;
}
.group-box-1 .body {
    border: 1px solid #e4e4e4;
    border-top: none;
}

.tab-menu-box1 {
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.tab-menu-box1 .menu {
    line-height: 33px;
    height: 33px;
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
}

.tab-menu-box1 .content {
    min-height: 100px;
    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
    background-color: white;
}

.tab-menu-box1 .menu ul {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    list-style: none;
    /*position: absolute;*/
}

.tab-menu-box1 .menu ul li {
    position: relative;
    float: left;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei','SimHei';
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: bold;
    border-right: 1px solid #ddd;
    padding: 0 18px;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.tab-menu-box1 .menu ul li:hover {
    color: #c9033b;
}

.tab-menu-box1 .menu .more {
    float: right;
    font-size: 12px;
    padding-right: 10px;
    font-family: "宋體";
    color: #666;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.tab-menu-box1 .menu a:hover {
    color: #f60 !important;
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.tab-menu-box1 .menu .current {
    margin-top: -1px;
    color: #c9033b;
    background: #fff;
    height: 33px;
    border-top: 2px solid #c9033b;
    z-index: 10;
}

.tab-menu-box-2 .float-title {
    display: none;
    top: 0px;
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 50;
}

.tab-menu-box-2 .title {
    width: 890px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #b20101;
    border-left: 1px solid #e1e1e1;
    clear: both;
    height: 32px;
}

.tab-menu-box-2 .title a {
    float: left;
    width: 107px;
    height: 31px;
    line-height: 31px;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: bold;
    text-align: center;
    border-top: 1px solid #e1e1e1;
    border-right: 1px solid #e1e1e1;
    background: url(/Content/images/bg4.png?3) 0 -308px repeat-x;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #333;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.tab-menu-box-2 .title a:hover {
    background-position: -26px -271px;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #fff;
}

.tab-menu-box-2 .content {
    min-height: 100px;
    background-color: white;
}


.tab-menu-box3 {
    border: 1px solid #ddd;
}

.tab-menu-box3 .menu {
    line-height: 33px;
    height: 33px;
    background-color: #f5f5f5;
}

.tab-menu-box3 .content {
    height: 214px;
    border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
    background-color: white;
}

.tab-menu-box3 .menu ul {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    list-style: none;
    /*position: absolute;*/
}

.tab-menu-box3 .menu ul li {
    position: relative;
    float: left;
    font-size: 14px;
    font-family: 'Microsoft Yahei','SimHei';
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 14px;
    width:50%;
    cursor: pointer;
}
 
.tab-menu-box3 .menu ul li:hover {
    color: #c9033b;
}

.tab-menu-box3 .menu .more {
    float: right;
    font-size: 12px;
    padding-right: 10px;
    font-family: "宋體";
    color: #666;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.tab-menu-box3 .menu a:hover {
    color: #f60 !important;
    text-decoration: underline;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.tab-menu-box3 .menu .current {

    margin-top: -1px;
    color: #c9033b;
    background: #fff;
    height: 33px;
    border-top: 2px solid #c9033b;
    z-index: 10;
    font-weight: bold;
    
}

/*公共結束*/

css

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head></head>
<link href="common.css" rel="stylesheet" />
<body>
    <div class='container'>
        <div class='tab-menu-box1'>
            <div class='menu'>
                <ul id='tab-menu-title'>
                    <li class='current' content-to='1'>價格趨勢</li>
                    <li content-to='2'>市場分佈</li>
                    <li content-to='3'>其餘</li>
                </ul>
            </div>

            <div id='tab-menu-body' class='content'>
                <div content='1'>content1</div>
                <div content='2' class='hide'>content2</div>
                <div content='3' class='hide'>content3</div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <script src="./jquery-1.8.2.js"></script>
    <script type='text/javascript'>
    $(function(){
        ChangeTab('#tab-menu-title', '#tab-menu-body');
    })
    function ChangeTab(title, body) {
            $(title).children().bind("click", function () {
                $menu = $(this);
                $content = $(body).find('div[content="' + $(this).attr("content-to") + '"]');
                $menu.addClass('current').siblings().removeClass('current');
                $content.removeClass('hide').siblings().addClass('hide');
            });
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

html

滾動菜單

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title></title>
    <style>

        body{
            margin: 0px;
        }
        img {
            border: 0;
        }
        ul{
            padding: 0;
            margin: 0;
            list-style: none;
        }
        .clearfix:after {
            content: ".";
            display: block;
            height: 0;
            clear: both;
            visibility: hidden;
        }

        .wrap{
            width: 980px;
            margin: 0 auto;
        }
        
        .pg-header{
            background-color: #303a40;
            -webkit-box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2);
            -moz-box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2);
            box-shadow: 0 2px 5px rgba(0,0,0,.2);
        }
        .pg-header .logo{
            float: left;
            padding:5px 10px 5px 0px;
        }
        .pg-header .logo img{
            vertical-align: middle;
            width: 110px;
            height: 40px;

        }
        .pg-header .nav{
            line-height: 50px;
        }
        .pg-header .nav ul li{
            float: left;
        }
        .pg-header .nav ul li a{
            display: block;
            color: #ccc;
            padding: 0 20px;
            text-decoration: none;
            font-size: 14px;
        }
        .pg-header .nav ul li a:hover{
            color: #fff;
            background-color: #425a66;
        }
        .pg-body{

        }
        .pg-body .catalog{
            position: absolute;
            top:60px;
            width: 200px;
            background-color: #fafafa;
            bottom: 0px;
        }
        .pg-body .catalog.fixed{
            position: fixed;
            top:10px;
        }

        .pg-body .catalog .catalog-item.active{
            color: #fff;
            background-color: #425a66;
        }

        .pg-body .content{
            position: absolute;
            top:60px;
            width: 700px;
            margin-left: 210px;
            background-color: #fafafa;
            overflow: auto;
        }
        .pg-body .content .section{
            height: 500px;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

    <div class="pg-header">
        <div class="wrap clearfix">
            <div class="logo">
                <a href="#">
                    <img src="http://core.pc.lietou-static.com/revs/images/common/logo_7012c4a4.pn">
                </a>
            </div>
            <div class="nav">
                <ul>
                    <li>
                        <a  href="#">首頁</a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a  href="#">功能一</a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a  href="#">功能二</a>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div>

        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="pg-body">
        <div class="wrap">
            <div class="catalog">
                <div class="catalog-item" auto-to="function1"><a>第1張</a></div>
                <div class="catalog-item" auto-to="function2"><a>第2張</a></div>
                <div class="catalog-item" auto-to="function3"><a>第3張</a></div>
            </div>
            <div class="content">
                <div menu="function1" class="section">
                    <h1>第一章</h1>
                </div>
                <div menu="function2" class="section">
                    <h1>第二章</h1>
                </div>
                <div menu="function3" class="section">
                    <h1>第三章</h1>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>

    </div>

    <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function(){
            Init();
        });
        function Init(){
            $(window).scroll(function() {
                var scrollTop = $(window).scrollTop();
                if(scrollTop > 50){
                    $('.catalog').addClass('fixed');
                }else{
                    $('.catalog').removeClass('fixed');
                }
                $('.content').children().each(function(){
                    var offSet = $(this).offset();
                    var offTop = offSet.top - scrollTop;
                    var height = $(this).height();

                    if(offTop<=0 && offTop> -height){
                        //去除其餘
                        //添加本身
                        var docHeight = $(document).height();
                        var winHeight = $(window).height();

                        if(docHeight == winHeight+scrollTop)
                        {
                            $('.catalog').find('div:last-child').addClass('active').siblings().removeClass('active');
                        }else{
                            var target = $(this).attr('menu');
                            $('.catalog').find('div[auto-to="'+target+'"]').addClass('active').siblings().removeClass('active');
                        }


                    }
                });

            });


        }

    </script>
</body>
</html>