iOS網絡3—UIWebView與WKWebView使用詳解

時間  2019-11-11
標籤 ios 網絡 uiwebview wkwebview 使用 詳解 欄目 iOS 简体版
原文   原文鏈接

1、總體介紹

UIWebView自iOS2就有，WKWebView從iOS8纔有，毫無疑問WKWebView將逐步取代笨重的UIWebView。經過簡單的測試便可發現UIWebView佔用過多內存，且內存峯值更是誇張。WKWebView網頁加載速度也有提高，可是並不像內存那樣提高那麼多。下面列舉一些其它的優點： javascript

  • 更多的支持HTML5的特性
  • 官方宣稱的高達60fps的滾動刷新率以及內置手勢
  • Safari相同的JavaScript引擎
  • 將UIWebViewDelegate與UIWebView拆分紅了14類與3個協議(官方文檔說明)
  • 另外用的比較多的，增長加載進度屬性：estimatedProgress

2、UIWebView使用說明

1 舉例：簡單的使用

UIWebView使用很是簡單，能夠分爲三步，也是最簡單的用法，顯示網頁html

- (void)simpleExampleTest {
    // 1.建立webview，並設置大小，"20"爲狀態欄高度
    UIWebView *webView = [[UIWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
    // 2.建立請求
    NSMutableURLRequest *request =[NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.cnblogs.com/mddblog/"]];
    // 3.加載網頁
    [webView loadRequest:request];
    
    // 最後將webView添加到界面
    [self.view addSubview:webView];
}

2 一些實用函數

  • 加載函數。
- (void)loadRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request;
- (void)loadHTMLString:(NSString *)string baseURL:(nullable NSURL *)baseURL;
- (void)loadData:(NSData *)data MIMEType:(NSString *)MIMEType textEncodingName:(NSString *)textEncodingName baseURL:(NSURL *)baseURL;

UIWebView不只能夠加載HTML頁面，還支持pdf、word、txt、各類圖片等等的顯示。下面以加載mac桌面上的png圖片：/Users/coohua/Desktop/bigIcon.png爲例 java

// 1.獲取url
NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"/Users/coohua/Desktop/bigIcon.png"];
// 2.建立請求
NSURLRequest *request=[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
// 3.加載請求
[self.webView loadRequest:request];
  • 網頁導航刷新有關函數
// 刷新
- (void)reload;
// 中止加載
- (void)stopLoading;
// 後退函數
- (void)goBack;
// 前進函數
- (void)goForward;
// 是否能夠後退
@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=canGoBack) BOOL canGoBack;
// 是否能夠向前
@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=canGoForward) BOOL canGoForward;
// 是否正在加載
@property (nonatomic, readonly, getter=isLoading) BOOL loading;

3 代理協議使用：UIWebViewDelegate

一共有四個方法ios

/// 是否容許加載網頁，也可獲取js要打開的url，經過截取此url可與js交互
- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType {
    
    NSString *urlString = [[request URL] absoluteString];
    urlString = [urlString stringByReplacingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    
    NSArray *urlComps = [urlString componentsSeparatedByString:@"://"];
    NSLog(@"urlString=%@---urlComps=%@",urlString,urlComps);
    return YES;
}
/// 開始加載網頁
- (void)webViewDidStartLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {
    NSURLRequest *request = webView.request;
    NSLog(@"webViewDidStartLoad-url=%@--%@",[request URL],[request HTTPBody]);
}
/// 網頁加載完成
- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {
    NSURLRequest *request = webView.request;
    NSURL *url = [request URL];
    if ([url.path isEqualToString:@"/normal.html"]) {
        NSLog(@"isEqualToString");
    }
    NSLog(@"webViewDidFinishLoad-url=%@--%@",[request URL],[request HTTPBody]);
    NSLog(@"%@",[self.webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.title"]);
}
/// 網頁加載錯誤
- (void)webView:(UIWebView *)webView didFailLoadWithError:(NSError *)error {
    NSURLRequest *request = webView.request;
    NSLog(@"didFailLoadWithError-url=%@--%@",[request URL],[request HTTPBody]);
    
}

4 與js交互

主要有兩方面：js執行OC代碼、oc調取寫好的js代碼 git

  • js執行OC代碼：js是不能執行oc代碼的，可是能夠變相的執行，js能夠將要執行的操做封裝到網絡請求裏面，而後oc攔截這個請求，獲取url裏面的字符串解析便可，這裏用到代理協議的- (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType函數。
  • oc調取寫好的js代碼：這裏用到UIwebview的一個方法。示例代碼一個是網頁定位，一個是獲取網頁title：
// 實現自動定位js代碼, htmlLocationID爲定位的位置(由js開發人員給出)，實現自動定位代碼，應該在網頁加載完成以後再調用
NSString *javascriptStr = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"window.location.href = '#%@'",htmlLocationID];
// webview執行代碼
[self.webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:javascriptStr];

// 獲取網頁的title
NSString *title = [self.webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.title"];

 

  • 與js交互的實例

不少時候，咱們要對網頁作一些編輯，好比加載一個網頁後，個別緣由，咱們不想顯示新聞的來源，以下圖的新聞來源「新華網」，網頁的連接以下：http://op.inews.qq.com/mcms/h5/default/detail?id=NEW2016103101306200&refer=100000050(可能已經失效)github

http://7xs4tc.com1.z0.glb.clouddn.com/webpage_label.png

那咱們就可使用js代碼將這個標籤去掉，且只留下時間。js代碼的編寫，根據火狐瀏覽器查看它的標籤名稱，而後作處理，如上圖，具體代碼以下：web

- (void)deleteNewsSource {
    // 1.去掉頁面標題
    NSMutableString *str = [NSMutableString string];
    // 去掉導航頁，若是想把「騰訊新聞」導航欄一併去掉，就打開註釋
//    [str appendString:@"document.getElementsByClassName('g-header')[0].style.display = 'none';"];
    // 來源
    [str appendString:@"if(document.getElementsByClassName('g-wrapper-author')[0].innerHTML.indexOf(' ') == -1){document.getElementsByClassName('g-wrapper-author')[0].innerHTML = document.getElementsByClassName('g-wrapper-author')[0].innerHTML}else{document.getElementsByClassName('g-wrapper-author')[0].innerHTML = document.getElementsByClassName('g-wrapper-author')[0].innerHTML.split(' ')[1];}"];
    // 執行js代碼
    [_webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:str];
}

 

代碼執行的時機，通常狀況下是等待網頁加載完成- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView裏面執行，比較合理，可是有延遲，咱們會發現剛開始有來源，而後忽然又沒有了，即js代碼執行有延遲。瀏覽器

這樣的話，咱們能夠在- (void)webViewDidStartLoad:(UIWebView *)webView網頁開始加載裏面開啓一個定時器，好比定時0.2秒（根據須要本身設定），在定時器裏面不停的調用- (void)deleteNewsSource方法便可解決。而後在- (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView裏面關掉定時器。另外定時器容易引發循環引用，必定要注意釋放。好比能夠在viewDidDisappear方法裏釋放定時器。。。緩存

- (void)webViewDidStartLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {
    // 1.去掉頁面來源標籤，時間根據須要本身設置，定時器在這裏開啓具備必定危險性
    NSTimer *timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.2 target:self selector:@selector(deleteNewsSource) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
    [[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] addTimer:timer forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
    self.timer = timer;
}

 

3、WKWebView使用說明

1 簡單使用

與UIWebview同樣，僅需三步:服務器

- (void)simpleExampleTest {
    // 1.建立webview，並設置大小，"20"爲狀態欄高度
    WKWebView *webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
    // 2.建立請求
    NSMutableURLRequest *request =[NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.cnblogs.com/mddblog/"]];
    // 3.加載網頁
    [webView loadRequest:request];
    
    // 最後將webView添加到界面
    [self.view addSubview:webView];
}

2 一些實用函數

  • 加載網頁函數
    相比UIWebview，WKWebView也支持各類文件格式，並新增了loadFileURL函數，顧名思義加載本地文件，不要用loadRequest來加載本地HTML，另外，加載網頁顯示屬於UI，因此應在主線程裏面執行加載網頁函數，不過即便在其它線程執行了加載網頁函數，也不要緊，蘋果已作了處理，保證UI在主線程更新。
/// 模擬器調試加載mac本地文件
- (void)loadLocalFile {
    // 1.建立webview，並設置大小，"20"爲狀態欄高度
    WKWebView *webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
    // 2.建立url  userName：電腦用戶名
    NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"/Users/userName/Desktop/bigIcon.png"];
    // 3.加載文件
    [webView loadFileURL:url allowingReadAccessToURL:url];
    // 最後將webView添加到界面
    [self.view addSubview:webView];
}

/// 其它三個加載函數
- (WKNavigation *)loadRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request;
- (WKNavigation *)loadHTMLString:(NSString *)string baseURL:(nullable NSURL *)baseURL;
- (WKNavigation *)loadData:(NSData *)data MIMEType:(NSString *)MIMEType characterEncodingName:(NSString *)characterEncodingName baseURL:(NSURL *)baseURL;
  • 網頁導航刷新相關函數
    和UIWebview幾乎同樣，不一樣的是有返回值，WKNavigation(已更新)，另外增長了函數reloadFromOrigin和goToBackForwardListItem。
    • reloadFromOrigin會比較網絡數據是否有變化，沒有變化則使用緩存，不然重新請求。
    • goToBackForwardListItem：比向前向後更強大，能夠跳轉到某個指定歷史頁面
@property (nonatomic, readonly) BOOL canGoBack;
@property (nonatomic, readonly) BOOL canGoForward;
- (WKNavigation *)goBack;
- (WKNavigation *)goForward;
- (WKNavigation *)reload;
- (WKNavigation *)reloadFromOrigin; // 增長的函數
- (WKNavigation *)goToBackForwardListItem:(WKBackForwardListItem *)item; // 增長的函數
- (void)stopLoading;
  • 一些經常使用屬性
    • allowsBackForwardNavigationGestures：BOOL類型，是否容許左右劃手勢導航，默認不容許
    • estimatedProgress：加載進度，取值範圍0~1
    • title：頁面title
    • .scrollView.scrollEnabled：是否容許上下滾動，默認容許
    • backForwardList：WKBackForwardList類型，訪問歷史列表，能夠經過前進後退按鈕訪問，或者經過goToBackForwardListItem函數跳到指定頁面

  • 執行js代碼

/// jsStr爲要執行的js代碼，字符串形式
[webView evaluateJavaScript:jsStr completionHandler:^(id item, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        // 執行結果回調
}];

3 代理協議使用

一共有三個代理協議： 

  • WKNavigationDelegate：最經常使用，和UIWebViewDelegate功能相似，追蹤加載過程，有是否容許加載、開始加載、加載完成、加載失敗。下面會對函數作簡單的說明，並用數字標出調用的前後次序：1-2-3-4-5

三個是否容許加載函數：

/// 接收到服務器跳轉請求以後調用 (服務器端redirect)，不必定調用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation; 
/// 3 在收到服務器的響應頭，根據response相關信息，決定是否跳轉。decisionHandler必須調用，來決定是否跳轉，參數WKNavigationActionPolicyCancel取消跳轉，WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow容許跳轉
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationResponse:(WKNavigationResponse *)navigationResponse decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationResponsePolicy))decisionHandler;
/// 1 在發送請求以前，決定是否跳轉 
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler;

追蹤加載過程函數:

/// 2 頁面開始加載
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
/// 4 開始獲取到網頁內容時返回
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
/// 5 頁面加載完成以後調用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
/// 頁面加載失敗時調用
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation;
  • WKScriptMessageHandler：必須實現的函數，是APP與js交互，提供從網頁中收消息的回調方法，即js能夠調用app的方法

固然須要對webview作一些特殊處理，建立的時候調用initWithFrame:configuration:作一些配置,configuration爲WKWebViewConfiguration類型，具體再也不詳述，代理方法以下：

/// message: 收到的腳本信息.
- (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message;
固然，app也能夠執行js代碼，以下：
/// jsStr爲要執行的js代碼，字符串形式
[webView evaluateJavaScript:jsStr completionHandler:^(id item, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        // 執行結果回調
}];
  • WKUIDelegate：UI界面相關，原生控件支持，三種提示框：輸入、確認、警告。首先將web提示框攔截而後再作處理。
/// 建立一個新的WebView
- (WKWebView *)webView:(WKWebView *)webView createWebViewWithConfiguration:(WKWebViewConfiguration *)configuration forNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction windowFeatures:(WKWindowFeatures *)windowFeatures;
/// 輸入框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(NSString *)prompt defaultText:(nullable NSString *)defaultText initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString * __nullable result))completionHandler;
/// 確認框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL result))completionHandler;
/// 警告框
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler;

4、示例代碼

  • 代碼能夠實現通常網絡顯示，加載本地文件(pdf、word、txt、圖片等等)
  • 搜索框搜索界面，搜索框輸入file://則加載本地文件，http://則加載網絡內容，若是二者都不是則搜索輸入的關鍵字。
  • 下部網絡導航，後退、前進、刷新、用Safari打開連接四個按鈕

/// 控件高度
#define kSearchBarH  44
#define kBottomViewH 44

/// 屏幕大小尺寸
#define kScreenWidth  [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width
#define kScreenHeight [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height

#import "ViewController.h"
#import <WebKit/WebKit.h>


@interface ViewController () <UISearchBarDelegate, WKNavigationDelegate>

@property (nonatomic, strong) UISearchBar *searchBar;
/// 網頁控制導航欄
@property (weak, nonatomic) UIView *bottomView;

@property (nonatomic, strong) WKWebView *wkWebView;

@property (weak, nonatomic) UIButton *backBtn;
@property (weak, nonatomic) UIButton *forwardBtn;
@property (weak, nonatomic) UIButton *reloadBtn;
@property (weak, nonatomic) UIButton *browserBtn;

@property (weak, nonatomic) NSString *baseURLString;

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
//    [self simpleExampleTest];
    
    [self addSubViews];
    [self refreshBottomButtonState];
    
    [self.wkWebView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.cnblogs.com/mddblog/"]]];
    
}
- (void)simpleExampleTest {
    // 1.建立webview，並設置大小，"20"爲狀態欄高度
    WKWebView *webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
    // 2.建立請求
    NSMutableURLRequest *request =[NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.cnblogs.com/mddblog/"]];
//    // 3.加載網頁
    [webView loadRequest:request];
//    [webView loadFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"/Users/userName/Desktop/bigIcon.png"] allowingReadAccessToURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"/Users/userName/Desktop/bigIcon.png"]];
    // 最後將webView添加到界面
    [self.view addSubview:webView];
}
/// 模擬器加載mac本地文件
- (void)loadLocalFile {
    // 1.建立webview，並設置大小，"20"爲狀態欄高度
    WKWebView *webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, self.view.frame.size.width, self.view.frame.size.height - 20)];
    // 2.建立url  userName：電腦用戶名
    NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:@"/Users/userName/Desktop/bigIcon.png"];
    // 3.加載文件
    [webView loadFileURL:url allowingReadAccessToURL:url];
    // 最後將webView添加到界面
    [self.view addSubview:webView];
}
- (void)addSubViews {
    [self addBottomViewButtons];
    
    [self.view addSubview:self.searchBar];
    
    [self.view addSubview:self.wkWebView];
}

- (void)addBottomViewButtons {
    // 記錄按鈕個數
    int count = 0;
    // 添加按鈕
    UIButton *button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [button setTitle:@"後退" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor colorWithRed:249 / 255.0 green:102 / 255.0 blue:129 / 255.0 alpha:1.0] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor] forState:UIControlStateDisabled];
    [button.titleLabel setFont:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:15]];
    button.tag = ++count;    // 標記按鈕
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(onBottomButtonsClicled:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.bottomView addSubview:button];
    self.backBtn = button;
    
    button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [button setTitle:@"前進" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor colorWithRed:249 / 255.0 green:102 / 255.0 blue:129 / 255.0 alpha:1.0] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor] forState:UIControlStateDisabled];
    [button.titleLabel setFont:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:15]];
    button.tag = ++count;
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(onBottomButtonsClicled:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.bottomView addSubview:button];
    self.forwardBtn = button;
    
    button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [button setTitle:@"從新加載" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor colorWithRed:249 / 255.0 green:102 / 255.0 blue:129 / 255.0 alpha:1.0] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor] forState:UIControlStateDisabled];
    [button.titleLabel setFont:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:15]];
    button.tag = ++count;
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(onBottomButtonsClicled:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.bottomView addSubview:button];
    self.reloadBtn = button;
    
    button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
    [button setTitle:@"Safari" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor colorWithRed:249 / 255.0 green:102 / 255.0 blue:129 / 255.0 alpha:1.0] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];
    [button setTitleColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor] forState:UIControlStateDisabled];
    [button.titleLabel setFont:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:15]];
    button.tag = ++count;
    [button addTarget:self action:@selector(onBottomButtonsClicled:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self.bottomView addSubview:button];
    self.browserBtn = button;
    // 統一設置frame
    [self setupBottomViewLayout];
}
- (void)setupBottomViewLayout
{
    int count = 4;
    CGFloat btnW = 80;
    CGFloat btnH = 30;
    
    CGFloat btnY = (self.bottomView.bounds.size.height - btnH) / 2;
    // 按鈕間間隙
    CGFloat margin = (self.bottomView.bounds.size.width - btnW * count) / count;
    
    CGFloat btnX = margin * 0.5;
    self.backBtn.frame = CGRectMake(btnX, btnY, btnW, btnH);
    
    btnX = self.backBtn.frame.origin.x + btnW + margin;
    self.forwardBtn.frame = CGRectMake(btnX, btnY, btnW, btnH);
    
    btnX = self.forwardBtn.frame.origin.x + btnW + margin;
    self.reloadBtn.frame = CGRectMake(btnX, btnY, btnW, btnH);
    
    btnX = self.reloadBtn.frame.origin.x + btnW + margin;
    self.browserBtn.frame = CGRectMake(btnX, btnY, btnW, btnH);
}
/// 刷新按鈕是否容許點擊
- (void)refreshBottomButtonState {
    if ([self.wkWebView canGoBack]) {
        self.backBtn.enabled = YES;
    } else {
        self.backBtn.enabled = NO;
    }
    
    if ([self.wkWebView canGoForward]) {
        self.forwardBtn.enabled = YES;
    } else {
        self.forwardBtn.enabled = NO;
    }
}
/// 按鈕點擊事件
- (void)onBottomButtonsClicled:(UIButton *)sender {
    switch (sender.tag) {
        case 1:
        {
            [self.wkWebView goBack];
            [self refreshBottomButtonState];
        }
            break;
        case 2:
        {
            [self.wkWebView goForward];
            [self refreshBottomButtonState];
        }
            break;
        case 3:
            [self.wkWebView reload];
            break;
        case 4:
            [[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:self.wkWebView.URL];
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
}

#pragma mark - WKWebView WKNavigationDelegate 相關
/// 是否容許加載網頁 在發送請求以前，決定是否跳轉
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler {
    
    NSString *urlString = [[navigationAction.request URL] absoluteString];
    
    urlString = [urlString stringByRemovingPercentEncoding];
    //    NSLog(@"urlString=%@",urlString);
    // 用://截取字符串
    NSArray *urlComps = [urlString componentsSeparatedByString:@"://"];
    if ([urlComps count]) {
        // 獲取協議頭
        NSString *protocolHead = [urlComps objectAtIndex:0];
        NSLog(@"protocolHead=%@",protocolHead);
    }
    decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow);
}


#pragma mark - searchBar代理方法
/// 點擊搜索按鈕
- (void)searchBarSearchButtonClicked:(UISearchBar *)searchBar {
    // 建立url
    NSURL *url = nil;
    NSString *urlStr = searchBar.text;
    
    // 若是file://則爲打開bundle本地文件，http則爲網站，不然只是通常搜索關鍵字
    if([urlStr hasPrefix:@"file://"]){
        NSRange range = [urlStr rangeOfString:@"file://"];
        NSString *fileName = [urlStr substringFromIndex:range.length];
        url = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:fileName withExtension:nil];
        // 若是是模擬器加載電腦上的文件，則用下面的代碼
//        url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:fileName];
    }else if(urlStr.length>0){
        if ([urlStr hasPrefix:@"http://"]) {
            url=[NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];
        } else {
            urlStr=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=%@",urlStr];
        }
        urlStr = [urlStr stringByAddingPercentEncodingWithAllowedCharacters:[NSCharacterSet URLQueryAllowedCharacterSet]];
        url=[NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];
        
    }
    NSURLRequest *request=[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    
    // 加載請求頁面
    [self.wkWebView loadRequest:request];
}
#pragma mark - 懶加載
- (UIView *)bottomView {
    if (_bottomView == nil) {
        UIView *view = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, kScreenHeight - kBottomViewH, kScreenWidth, kBottomViewH)];
        view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:230/255.0 green:230/255.0 blue:230/255.0 alpha:1];
        [self.view addSubview:view];
        _bottomView = view;
    }
    return _bottomView;
}
- (UISearchBar *)searchBar {
    if (_searchBar == nil) {
        UISearchBar *searchBar = [[UISearchBar alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20, kScreenWidth, kSearchBarH)];
        searchBar.delegate = self;
        searchBar.text = @"http://www.cnblogs.com/mddblog/";
        _searchBar = searchBar;
        
    }
    return _searchBar;
}

- (WKWebView *)wkWebView {
    if (_wkWebView == nil) {
        WKWebView *webView = [[WKWebView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 20 + kSearchBarH, kScreenWidth, kScreenHeight - 20 - kSearchBarH - kBottomViewH)];
        webView.navigationDelegate = self;
//                webView.scrollView.scrollEnabled = NO;
        
        //        webView.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithPatternImage:self.image];
        // 容許左右劃手勢導航，默認容許
        webView.allowsBackForwardNavigationGestures = YES;
        _wkWebView = webView;
    }

    return _wkWebView;
}


@end

5、github代碼下載

UIWebView下載

WKWebView下載

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