【12c】DataGuard物理備用數據庫（DUPLICATE方式）搭建詳細教程
1 軟件環境
- Oracle Linux 6.9
- Oracle 12.1.0.2
- 主庫：sz.oracle.com，IP：192.168.1.102
- 備庫：sh.oracle.com，IP：192.168.1.103
2 主數據庫配置
2.1 檢查並設置數據庫
1）首先，主數據庫必須處於強制日誌（Force Logging）模式下運行，這是要防止主數據庫中存在直接的數據修改而不記錄日誌的行爲。java
檢查強制日誌模式以下：sql
SQL> select dbid,name,force_logging from v$database; DBID NAME FORCE_LOGGING ---------- --------- --------------------------------------- 1565839253 ORCL NO
啓動強制日誌模式以下：數據庫
SQL> alter database force logging; Database altered.
取消強制日誌模式以下：網絡
SQL> alter database no force logging; Database altered.
2）其次，檢查主數據庫的日誌運行模式，Data Guard要求主數據庫必須在歸檔模式下運行，此模式下數據庫能夠連續完整的保存事務日誌。session
SQL> archive log list Database log mode No Archive Mode Automatic archival Disabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 11 Current log sequence 13
若是數據庫處在非歸檔模式，則須要作以下調整：架構
SQL> shutdown immediate Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup mount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1241513984 bytes Fixed Size 2923872 bytes Variable Size 452985504 bytes Database Buffers 771751936 bytes Redo Buffers 13852672 bytes Database mounted. SQL> alter database archivelog; Database altered. SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> archive log list Database log mode Archive Mode Automatic archival Enabled Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST Oldest online log sequence 11 Next log sequence to archive 13 Current log sequence 13
3）最後，要檢查數據庫實例的口令文件，Data Guard環境下的每一個數據庫必須強制使用口令文件，而且備用數據庫口令文件中SYS用戶的口令必須和主數據庫SYS用戶的口令徹底一致。若沒有，使用orapwd命令建立口令文件。oracle
[oracle@sz ~]$ ll /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7680 Apr 18 13:41 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl
2.2 設置必要的主數據庫參數
1）主備庫架構app
按照以下所示的內容構建Data Guard環境，假設一個主庫在深圳，備庫在上海。dom
| DG ROLE測試 |
DB_NAME |
INSTANCE_NAME |
DB_UNIQUE_NAME |
TNS_NAME |
| 主庫 |
orcl |
orcl |
orcl |
shzhen |
| 備庫 |
orcl |
orcldg |
orcldg |
shhai |
2）主庫配置參數
orcl.__data_transfer_cache_size=0 orcl.__db_cache_size=687865856 orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__large_pool_size=33554432 orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=671088640 orcl.__sga_target=973078528 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=218103808 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='12.1.0.2.0' *.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='orcl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4560m *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)' *.local_listener='LISTENER_ORCL' *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf' *.memory_target=1560m *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=300 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' #############################The following is adding for DG by Alen Liu 2020-04-19#################################### DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcldg)' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= 'SERVICE=shhai LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO FAL_SERVER=orcldg FAL_CLIENT=orcl DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl' LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl' #############################The following is adding for DG by Alen Liu 2020-04-19####################################
3）設置網絡配置
[oracle@sz admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SHHAI = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.103)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcldg) ) ) LISTENER_ORCL = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sz.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)) SHZHEN = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.102)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sz.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) )
3 備用數據庫配置
3.1 配置密碼文件
將主庫的密碼文件拷貝至備庫，並修更名稱。
1）主庫傳送文件
[oracle@sz dbs]$ scp orapworcl oracle@192.168.56.103:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcldg oracle@192.168.56.103's password: orapworcl 100% 7680 7.5KB/s 00:00
2）備庫檢查文件
[oracle@sh ~]$ ll /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcldg -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7680 Apr 19 17:28 /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcldg
3.2 設置網絡配置
將主庫的設置好的網絡文件拷貝至備庫。
1）主庫傳送文件
[oracle@sz admin]$ scp tnsnames.ora oracle@192.168.56.103:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/ oracle@192.168.56.103's password: tnsnames.ora 100% 809 0.8KB/s 00:00
2）備庫檢查文件
[oracle@sh ~]$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. SHHAI = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.103)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcldg) ) ) LISTENER_ORCL = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sh.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)) SHZHEN = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.56.102)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) ) ORCL = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS_LIST = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = sz.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)) ) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = orcl) ) )
3.3 設置初始化參數文件
1）將主庫的pfile傳送至備庫，並作適當調整。
[oracle@sz dbs]$ scp initorcl.ora oracle@192.168.56.103:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcldg.ora The authenticity of host '192.168.56.103 (192.168.56.103)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is bd:22:31:30:20:8f:b1:12:3a:0c:dd:db:5b:f0:8f:12. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '192.168.56.103' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. oracle@192.168.56.103's password: initorcl.ora 100% 1869 1.8KB/s 00:00
2）檢查備庫文件
[oracle@sh dbs]$ cat initorcldg.ora orcl.__data_transfer_cache_size=0 orcl.__db_cache_size=687865856 orcl.__java_pool_size=16777216 orcl.__large_pool_size=33554432 orcl.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment orcl.__pga_aggregate_target=671088640 orcl.__sga_target=973078528 orcl.__shared_io_pool_size=0 orcl.__shared_pool_size=218103808 orcl.__streams_pool_size=0 *.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcldg/adump' *.audit_trail='db' *.compatible='12.1.0.2.0' #*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcl/control02.ctl' *.db_block_size=8192 *.db_domain='' *.db_name='orcl' *.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area' *.db_recovery_file_dest_size=4560m *.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle' *.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)' *.local_listener='LISTENER_ORCL' *.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf' *.memory_target=1560m *.open_cursors=300 *.processes=300 *.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE' *.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1' #############################The following is adding for DG by Alen Liu 2017-09-11#################################### DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,orcldg)' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcldg' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2= 'SERVICE=shzhen LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=orcl' LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE=EXCLUSIVE STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO FAL_SERVER=orcl FAL_CLIENT=orcldg DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg' LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg' #############################The following is adding for DG by Alen Liu 2017-09-11####################################
4 Data Guard搭建
4.1 主庫使用新建立的配置文件
SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1644167168 bytes Fixed Size 2925024 bytes Variable Size 1056968224 bytes Database Buffers 570425344 bytes Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> create spfile from pfile; File created.
4.2 備庫啓動至NOMOUNT狀態
SQL> startup nomount ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1644167168 bytes Fixed Size 2925024 bytes Variable Size 1056968224 bytes Database Buffers 570425344 bytes Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes SQL> create spfile from pfile; File created.
4.3 啓動DUPLICATE數據庫複製
[oracle@sh ~]$ rman target sys/system@shzhen auxiliary sys/system@shhai
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Sun Apr 19 17:58:55 2020
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCL (DBID=1565938253)
connected to auxiliary database: ORCL (not mounted)
RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database dorecover nofilenamecheck;
Starting Duplicate Db at 19-APR-20
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK
current log archived
contents of Memory Script:
{
backup as copy reuse
targetfile '/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcl' auxiliary format
'/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/orapworcldg' ;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting backup at 19-APR-20
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=46 device type=DISK
Finished backup at 19-APR-20
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone "create spfile from memory";
shutdown clone immediate;
startup clone nomount;
restore clone from service 'shzhen' standby controlfile;
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: create spfile from memory
Oracle instance shut down
connected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 1644167168 bytes
Fixed Size 2925024 bytes
Variable Size 1073745440 bytes
Database Buffers 553648128 bytes
Redo Buffers 13848576 bytes
Starting restore at 19-APR-20
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=22 device type=DISK
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service shzhen
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLDG/controlfile/o1_mf_h9r8963y_.ctl
Finished restore at 19-APR-20
contents of Memory Script:
{
sql clone 'alter database mount standby database';
}
executing Memory Script
sql statement: alter database mount standby database
contents of Memory Script:
{
set newname for tempfile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/temp01.dbf";
switch clone tempfile all;
set newname for datafile 1 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/system01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 3 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/sysaux01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 4 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/undotbs01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 5 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/example01.dbf";
set newname for datafile 6 to
"/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/users01.dbf";
restore
from service 'shzhen' clone database
;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET NEWNAME
renamed tempfile 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/temp01.dbf in control file
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
executing command: SET NEWNAME
Starting restore at 19-APR-20
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service shzhen
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/system01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service shzhen
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service shzhen
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service shzhen
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/example01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service shzhen
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/users01.dbf
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 19-APR-20
sql statement: alter system archive log current
current log archived
contents of Memory Script:
{
restore clone force from service 'shzhen'
archivelog from scn 1792397;
switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Script
Starting restore at 19-APR-20
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service shzhen
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=12
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: using network backup set from service shzhen
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=13
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished restore at 19-APR-20
datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=1038160949 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/system01.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=1038160949 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/sysaux01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=1038160949 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/undotbs01.dbf
datafile 5 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=1038160949 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/example01.dbf
datafile 6 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=5 STAMP=1038160949 file name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/users01.dbf
contents of Memory Script:
{
set until scn 1793777;
recover
standby
clone database
delete archivelog
;
}
executing Memory Script
executing command: SET until clause
Starting recover at 19-APR-20
using channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 12 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLDG/archivelog/2020_04_19/o1_mf_1_12_h9r8fm03_.arc
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 13 is already on disk as file /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLDG/archivelog/2020_04_19/o1_mf_1_13_h9r8fn6x_.arc
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLDG/archivelog/2020_04_19/o1_mf_1_12_h9r8fm03_.arc thread=1 sequence=12
archived log file name=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLDG/archivelog/2020_04_19/o1_mf_1_13_h9r8fn6x_.arc thread=1 sequence=13
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 19-APR-20
Finished Duplicate Db at 19-APR-20
4.4 啓動備庫，並查看其狀態
SQL> alter database open; Database altered. SQL> select name,open_mode,protection_mode,database_role from v$database; NAME OPEN_MODE PROTECTION_MODE DATABASE_ROLE --------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------- ORCL READ ONLY MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE PHYSICAL STANDBY
4.5 備庫啓動Redo應用
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session; Database altered.
4.6 主庫建立測試數據
SQL> create table scott.test(id number,name varchar2(100)); Table created. SQL> insert into scott.test values(1,'Alen'); 1 row created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> alter system switch logfile; System altered.
4.7 備庫驗證
SQL> select * from scott.test; ID NAME ---------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Alen
告警日誌：
alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session Sun Apr 19 18:15:44 2020 WARNING: There are no standby redo logs. Standby redo logs should be configured for real time apply. Real time apply will be ignored. Sun Apr 19 18:15:44 2020 Attempt to start background Managed Standby Recovery process (orcldg) Starting background process MRP0 Sun Apr 19 18:15:44 2020 MRP0 started with pid=36, OS id=812 Sun Apr 19 18:15:44 2020 MRP0: Background Managed Standby Recovery process started (orcldg) Sun Apr 19 18:15:49 2020 Serial Media Recovery started Managed Standby Recovery not using Real Time Apply Sun Apr 19 18:15:49 2020 Waiting for all non-current ORLs to be archived... Sun Apr 19 18:15:49 2020 All non-current ORLs have been archived. Sun Apr 19 18:15:49 2020 Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLDG/archivelog/2020_04_19/o1_mf_1_14_h9r8pmo1_.arc Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 15 (in transit) Completed: alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session Sun Apr 19 18:16:33 2020 Archived Log entry 4 added for thread 1 sequence 15 rlc 1038157520 ID 0x5d570e4d dest 2: RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created RFS[1]: Opened log for thread 1 sequence 16 dbid 1565938253 branch 1038157520 Sun Apr 19 18:16:34 2020 Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCLDG/archivelog/2020_04_19/o1_mf_1_15_h9r8rz29_.arc Resize operation completed for file# 3, old size 675840K, new size 706560K Media Recovery Waiting for thread 1 sequence 16 (in transit)
顯示沒有備庫standby redolog，建立便可。
WARNING: There are no standby redo logs.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 4 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo04.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 5 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo05.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 6 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo06.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database add standby logfile group 7 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo07.log') size 50M;
Database altered.
至此，基於DUPLICATE構建物理備用數據庫完成。
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