環境準備: html
基本環境:ubuntu-14.04-desktop-64bit LTS(裸機或者Windows下虛擬機安裝都可,12.04也能夠,但10.04目前不支持了) python
其餘要求:空閒磁盤空間100G以上,代碼部分接近10G,其餘爲git和編譯中間和目標文件準備 linux
========================================== android
第一部分:環境初始化 git
========================================== ubuntu
1. 安裝Oracle JDK api
注意:若是編譯Android4.4不能用OpenJDK,必須用Oracle JDK1.6,1.7目前是不支持的。 bash
具體如何安裝Oracle JDK,請參見個人另外一篇單獨的文章,[Ubuntu Linux下安裝Oracle JDK] http://blog.csdn.net/gobitan/article/details/24322561. markdown
2. 安裝必備工具軟件 網絡
注意:這裏與官方的有個包不一樣,官方的包會報錯.
- $sudo apt-get install git gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential zip curl libc6-dev libncurses5-dev:i386 x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev:i386 libreadline6-dev:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos python-markdown libxml2-utils xsltproc zlib1g-dev:i386 dpkg-dev
- $ sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/mesa/libGL.so.1 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libGL.so
3. 配置USB訪問權限
將以下內容加入到/etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules文件中
- # adb protocol on passion (Nexus One)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e12", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # fastboot protocol on passion (Nexus One)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0bb4", ATTR{idProduct}=="0fff", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # adb protocol on crespo/crespo4g (Nexus S)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e22", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # fastboot protocol on crespo/crespo4g (Nexus S)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e20", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # adb protocol on stingray/wingray (Xoom)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="22b8", ATTR{idProduct}=="70a9", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # fastboot protocol on stingray/wingray (Xoom)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="708c", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # adb protocol on maguro/toro (Galaxy Nexus)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="04e8", ATTR{idProduct}=="6860", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # fastboot protocol on maguro/toro (Galaxy Nexus)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e30", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # adb protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d101", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # adb protocol on panda (PandaBoard ES)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="d002", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # fastboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d022", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # usbboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d00f", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # usbboot protocol on panda (PandaBoard ES)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0451", ATTR{idProduct}=="d010", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # adb protocol on grouper/tilapia (Nexus 7)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e42", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # fastboot protocol on grouper/tilapia (Nexus 7)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4e40", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # adb protocol on manta (Nexus 10)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4ee2", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
- # fastboot protocol on manta (Nexus 10)
- SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", ATTR{idProduct}=="4ee0", MODE="0600", OWNER="<username>"
而後執行以下命令,將上述文件中的username替換爲你的用戶名。
$sudo sed -i 's/username/dennis/g' /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules
4. 配置ccache
安裝ccache並將export USE_CCACHE=1加入到~/.bashrc中。
- $sudo apt-get install ccache
- $source ~/.bashrc
==========================================
第二部分:源代碼下載
==========================================
1. 安裝repo
(1) 建立目錄
- $ mkdir ~/bin
- $ PATH=~/bin:$PATH
(2) 下載repo工具
注:因爲防火牆的緣由,官方提供的連接沒法使用,需替換爲以下:
官方的爲curl http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo > ~/bin/repo
可用的:
curl http://git-repo.googlecode.com/files/repo-1.12 > ~/bin/repo
(3) 增長可執行權限
$ chmod a+x ~/bin/repo
2. 初始化Repo客戶端
(1)建立目錄
- $mkdir aosp
- $cd aosp
(2) 初始化repo
注:後面可能出現網絡錯誤,請先將以下內容加入到/etc/hosts中而後作後面的步驟。
- 74.125.71.82 www.googlesource.com
- 74.125.31.82 android.googlesource.com
- 203.208.46.172 cache.pack.google.com
- 59.24.3.173 cache.pack.google.com
- 至於爲何要出現網絡錯誤,你懂的!
$repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-4.4.2_r2
注意:若是是在虛擬機中執行,須要採用email驗證的方式,詳細參見參考資料[2].
設置git的用戶名和郵件地址,將您的真實email地址和name替換了:
- git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
- git config --global user.name "Your Name"
修改aosp/.resp/manifest.xml,將fetch=".."改成:
fetch="https://android.googlesource.com/"
3. 下載源代碼
$repo sync
注意:系統可能會提示你升級repo,最好不要升級,除非你有十足信息解決升級後的一系列問題。
好了,慢慢等吧,短則數小時,長則幾天幾夜!我花了5個小時
==========================================
第三部分:源代碼編譯
==========================================
1. 設置ccache
注:aosp爲源代碼根目錄
- $ cd aosp
- $ prebuilts/misc/linux-x86/ccache/ccache -M 50G
2. 設置輸出目錄
略:因爲我未分區,所以採用默認的out目錄
3. 初始化編譯環境
- dennis@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ . build/envsetup.sh
- including device/samsung/manta/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/generic/mips/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/generic/armv7-a-neon/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/generic/x86/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/lge/mako/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/lge/hammerhead/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/asus/tilapia/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/asus/deb/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/asus/grouper/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/asus/flo/vendorsetup.sh
- including sdk/bash_completion/adb.bash
- dennis@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$
4. 選擇編譯目標包
注:目標包的選擇跟你的硬件有關。我這裏選擇9,mako
- dennis@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ lunch
- You're building on Linux
- Lunch menu... pick a combo:
- 1. aosp_arm-eng
- 2. aosp_x86-eng
- 3. aosp_mips-eng
- 4. vbox_x86-eng
- 5. aosp_manta-userdebug
- 6. mini_mips-userdebug
- 7. mini_armv7a_neon-userdebug
- 8. mini_x86-userdebug
- 9. aosp_mako-userdebug
- 10. aosp_hammerhead-userdebug
- 11. aosp_tilapia-userdebug
- 12. aosp_deb-userdebug
- 13. aosp_grouper-userdebug
- 14. aosp_flo-userdebug
- Which would you like? [aosp_arm-eng] 9
- ============================================
- PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
- PLATFORM_VERSION=4.4.2
- TARGET_PRODUCT=aosp_mako
- TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=userdebug
- TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
- TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
- TARGET_ARCH=arm
- TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a-neon
- TARGET_CPU_VARIANT=krait
- HOST_ARCH=x86
- HOST_OS=linux
- HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-24-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.04-trusty
- HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
- BUILD_ID=KVT49L
- OUT_DIR=out
- ============================================
- dennis@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ make -j4
注:j4中的數字跟你的CPU個數和核數有關,詳細參見參考資料[3].
整個編譯過程,大約花了三個小時。編譯成功後會在out目錄下生成img文件。
5. 將img加載到物理機
(1) 將手機用USB數據線鏈接到機器
(2) 安裝fastboot工具
$ sudo apt-get install android-tools-fastboot
(3) 設置ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT環境變量
將以下部分加入~/.bashrc文件中:
export ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT=/home/dennis/devenv/aosp/out/target/product/mako
而後保存執行". .bashrc"使其生效。
(4) 以fastboot模式重啓手機
$ adb reboot bootloader
此時手機會重啓,呈現一個與往不一樣的fastboot界面
(5) 將編譯的img刷到目標機
- dennis@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp/out$ fastboot flashall -w
- --------------------------------------------
- Bootloader Version...: PRIMEMD04
- Baseband Version.....: I9250XXLJ1
- Serial Number........: 0146A0D00600900B
- --------------------------------------------
- checking product...
- FAILED
- Device product is 'tuna'.
- Update requires 'mako'.
- finished. total time: 0.035s
(注:因爲個人物理機三星I9250在lunch裏沒有對應的型號,所以會加載失敗,這裏這是記錄過程)
===================================
若是須要編譯其餘版本,可執行以下步驟,這裏選擇虛擬機用的通用版本aosp_arm-eng。
- $ cd aosp
- dennis@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ . build/envsetup.sh
- including device/samsung/manta/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/generic/mips/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/generic/armv7-a-neon/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/generic/x86/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/lge/mako/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/lge/hammerhead/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/asus/tilapia/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/asus/deb/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/asus/grouper/vendorsetup.sh
- including device/asus/flo/vendorsetup.sh
- including sdk/bash_completion/adb.bash
- dennis@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ lunch aosp_arm-eng
- ============================================
- PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
- PLATFORM_VERSION=4.4.2
- TARGET_PRODUCT=aosp_arm
- TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=eng
- TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
- TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
- TARGET_ARCH=arm
- TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a
- TARGET_CPU_VARIANT=generic
- HOST_ARCH=x86
- HOST_OS=linux
- HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-24-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.04-trusty
- HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
- BUILD_ID=KVT49L
- OUT_DIR=out
- ============================================
- dennis@dubuntu1404:~/devenv/aosp$ make -j4
- ============================================
- PLATFORM_VERSION_CODENAME=REL
- PLATFORM_VERSION=4.4.2
- TARGET_PRODUCT=aosp_arm
- TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT=eng
- TARGET_BUILD_TYPE=release
- TARGET_BUILD_APPS=
- TARGET_ARCH=arm
- TARGET_ARCH_VARIANT=armv7-a
- TARGET_CPU_VARIANT=generic
- HOST_ARCH=x86
- HOST_OS=linux
- HOST_OS_EXTRA=Linux-3.13.0-24-generic-x86_64-with-Ubuntu-14.04-trusty
- HOST_BUILD_TYPE=release
- BUILD_ID=KVT49L
- OUT_DIR=out
- ============================================
- including ./abi/cpp/Android.mk ...
- including ./art/Android.mk ...
- ....中間過程省略
- Install system fs image: out/target/product/generic/system.img
- out/target/product/generic/system.img+ maxsize=588791808 blocksize=2112 total=576716800 reserve=5947392
編譯完成,執行以下命令能夠將您剛build好的ROM在模擬器裏運行起來,第一次啓動的時間可能比較長:
$ emulator &
注意:若是提示找不到emulator命令,可將以下環境變量從新初始化一遍(也就是每次從新進入系統運行的時候,都須要初始化一遍),lunch後面的參數要與你編譯的ROM選項一致。
- $. build/envsetup.sh
- $lunch aosp_arm-eng
參考資料:
1. http://source.android.com/source/initializing.html
2. http://source.android.com/source/downloading.html
3. http://source.android.com/source/building-running.html