首先鎖定並備份主服務器數據庫,從服務器導入備份的數據庫,實現兩個數據庫的初態同樣。而後把主服務器上執行過的sql語句都記錄到二進制日誌 Binarylog 中,從服務器會來讀取這個log, 本身再執行一遍對應的sql語句, 這樣它們就一直同步了。mysql
主服務器IP:192.168.0.41sql
從服務器IP:192.168.0.42數據庫
[mysqld] #主從備份 log-bin=mysql-bin binlog_format=mixed server-id=1 read-only=0 binlog-do-db=mydb binlog-ignore-db=mysql binlog-ignore-db=test binlog-ignore-db=information_schema binlog-ignore-db=performance_schema #雙主備份 #auto-increment-increment=10 #auto-increment-offset=1
binlog_format = MIXED緩存
#binlog日誌格式,mysql默認採用statement,建議使用mixed服務器
log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql-bin.logide
#binlog日誌文件spa
expire_logs_days = 7線程
#binlog過時清理時間日誌
max_binlog_size = 100mcode
#binlog每一個日誌文件大小
binlog_cache_size = 4m
#binlog緩存大小
max_binlog_cache_size = 512m
#最大binlog緩存大小
[mysqld] #主從備份 #log-bin=mysql-bin #binlog_format=mixed server-id=2 replicate-do-db=mydb replicate-ignore-db=mysql replicate-ignore-db=test replicate-ignore-db=information_schema replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema replicate-wild-ignore-table=mydb.000% replicate-wild-ignore-table=mydb.tmp% replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.% replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.% replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.% replicate-wild-ignore-table=performance_schema.% relay_log=mysql-relay-bin log-slave-updates=ON
grant replication slave on *.* to 'backup'@'192.168.0.42' identified by '123456';
查看主服務器binary日誌,開啓同步要用
mysql> show master status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** File: mysql-bin.000001 Position: 106 Binlog_Do_DB: mydb Binlog_Ignore_DB: mysql,information_schema,performance_schema,test 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在從服務器執行以下命令開啓同步並重啓mysql
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.41', MASTER_USER='backup', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=106;
注:開啓同步時,默認主從服務器初態同樣
在從服務器執行以下命令驗證同步
mysql> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.0.41 Master_User: cifang Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106 Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 251 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: mydb Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql,information_schema,performance_schema,test Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 106 Relay_Log_Space: 551 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Master_Log_File: 主服務器上的日誌文件名
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 主服務器的日誌記錄位置
Slave_IO_Running: 主從服務器鏈接線程狀態
Slave_SQL_Running:從服務器執行sql的線程
注:若是主從服務器的日誌文件名和記錄位置一致,且兩個狀態都爲Yes,表示主從備份正常。
查找當前有哪些二進制日誌文件:
mysql> show binary logs;
刪除mysql-bin.000001以前的全部二進制日誌文件
mysql> purge binary logs to 'mysql-bin.000001'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
查看最前的二進制日誌文件內容
show binlog events;
注:經過以上命令能夠找到主從斷開的位置,以便從新關聯