前傳:php
一、CentOS 7.3.1611系統安裝配置圖解教程html
http://www.jb51.net/os/RedHat/597874.htmlmysql
二、CentOS服務器初始化設置linux
http://www.jb51.net/article/133839.htmnginx
準備篇c++
1、防火牆配置git
CentOS 7.x默認使用的是firewall做爲防火牆,這裏改成iptables防火牆。github
一、關閉firewall:web
systemctl stop firewalld.service #中止firewallsql
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止firewall開機啓動
二、安裝iptables防火牆
yum install iptables-services #安裝
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables #編輯防火牆配置文件
# sample configuration for iptables service
# you can edit this manually or use system-config-firewall
# please do not ask us to add additional ports/services to this default configuration
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
COMMIT
:wq! #保存退出
systemctl restart iptables.service #最後重啓防火牆使配置生效
systemctl enable iptables.service #設置防火牆開機啓動
/usr/libexec/iptables/iptables.init restart #重啓防火牆
2、關閉SELINUX
vi /etc/selinux/config
#SELINUX=enforcing #註釋掉
#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #註釋掉
SELINUX=disabled #增長
:wq! #保存退出
setenforce 0 #使配置當即生效
三 、系統約定
軟件源代碼包存放位置:/usr/local/src
源碼包編譯安裝位置:/usr/local/軟件名字
4、下載軟件包
一、下載nginx
http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
二、下載MySQL
https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.16.tar.gz
三、下載php
http://cn2.php.net/distributions/php-7.1.2.tar.gz
四、下載cmake(MySQL編譯工具)
https://cmake.org/files/v3.7/cmake-3.7.2.tar.gz
五、下載pcre (支持nginx僞靜態)
ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.40.tar.gz
六、下載openssl(nginx擴展)
https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.0e.tar.gz
七、下載zlib(nginx擴展)
http://www.zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
八、下載libmcrypt(php擴展)
https://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
九、下載yasm(php擴展)
http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
十、t1lib(php擴展)
http://download.freenas.org/distfiles/t1lib-5.1.2.tar.gz
十一、下載gd庫安裝包
https://github.com/libgd/libgd/releases/download/gd-2.1.1/libgd-2.1.1.tar.gz
十二、libvpx(gd庫須要)
https://codeload.github.com/webmproject/libvpx/tar.gz/v1.3.0
1三、tiff(gd庫須要)
http://download.osgeo.org/libtiff/tiff-4.0.7.tar.gz
1四、libpng(gd庫須要)
ftp://ftp.simplesystems.org/pub/libpng/png/src/libpng16/libpng-1.6.28.tar.gz
1五、freetype(gd庫須要)
http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/freetype-2.7.1.tar.gz
1六、jpegsrc(gd庫須要)
http://www.ijg.org/files/jpegsrc.v9b.tar.gz
1七、Boost(編譯mysql須要)
https://ufpr.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
以上軟件包上傳到/usr/local/src目錄
5、安裝編譯工具及庫文件(使用yum命令安裝)
yum install -y apr* autoconf automake bison bzip2 bzip2* cloog-ppl compat* cpp curl curl-devel fontconfig fontconfig-devel freetype freetype* freetype-devel gcc gcc-c++ gtk+-devel gd gettext gettext-devel glibc kernel kernel-headers keyutils keyutils-libs-devel krb5-devel libcom_err-devel libpng libpng-devel libjpeg* libsepol-devel libselinux-devel libstdc++-devel libtool* libgomp libxml2 libxml2-devel libXpm* libxml* libXaw-devel libXmu-devel libtiff libtiff* make mpfr ncurses* ntp openssl openssl-devel patch pcre-devel perl php-common php-gd policycoreutils telnet t1lib t1lib* nasm nasm* wget zlib-devel
安裝篇
如下是用putty工具遠程登陸到服務器,在命令行下面操做的
1、安裝MySQL
一、安裝cmake
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf cmake-3.7.2.tar.gz
cd cmake-3.7.2
./configure
make
make install
二、安裝MySQL
cd /usr/local/src
mkdir -p /usr/local/boost
cp boost_1_59_0.tar.gz /usr/local/boost
groupadd mysql #添加mysql組
useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false #建立用戶mysql並加入到mysql組,不容許mysql用戶直接登陸系統
mkdir -p /data/mysql #建立MySQL數據庫存放目錄
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql #設置MySQL數據庫存放目錄權限
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql #建立MySQL安裝目錄
cd /usr/local/src #進入軟件包存放目錄
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.16.tar.gz #解壓
cd mysql-5.7.16 #進入目錄
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost
注意:可使用-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost參數在線安裝boost軟件包,須要服務器聯網,容易下載失敗。
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost
make #編譯
make install #安裝
編譯出錯, 從新編譯前要刪除編譯失敗的文件,從新編譯時,須要清除舊的對象文件和緩存信息。
make clean
rm -f CMakeCache.txt
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf #刪除系統默認的配置文件(若是默認沒有就不用刪除)
cd /usr/local/mysql #進入MySQL安裝目錄
./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql #生成mysql系統數據庫
--initialize表示默認生成密碼, --initialize-insecure 表示不生成密碼, 密碼爲空。
看到這一行[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: i>X18*=Rav=7
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf #添加到/etc目錄的軟鏈接
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #把Mysql加入系統啓動
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #增長執行權限
chkconfig mysqld on #加入開機啓動
vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #編輯
basedir=/usr/local/mysql #MySQL程序安裝路徑
datadir=/data/mysql #MySQl數據庫存放目錄
:wq! #保存退出
service mysqld start #啓動
vi /etc/profile #把mysql服務加入系統環境變量:在最後添加下面這一行
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
:wq! #保存退出
source /etc/profile #使配置馬上生效
下面這兩行把myslq的庫文件連接到系統默認的位置,這樣你在編譯相似PHP等軟件時能夠不用指定mysql的庫文件地址。
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql
mkdir /var/lib/mysql #建立目錄
ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock #添加軟連接
mysql_secure_installation #修改Mysql密碼,輸入以前生成的密CSJlm3DyTG.d回車,根據提示操做。
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y #是否安裝密碼安全插件?選擇y
There are three levels of password validation policy: #有如下幾種密碼強度選擇
LOW Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary file
Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 0 #選擇0,只要8位數字便可,選1要有大寫,小寫,特殊字符等
UNINSTALL PLUGIN validate_password ; #卸載密碼強度插件
use mysql;
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' ; #登陸mysql控制檯修改
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password AS '123456'; #修改密碼
2、安裝Nginx
一、安裝pcre
cd /usr/local/src
mkdir /usr/local/pcre
tar zxvf pcre-8.40.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.40
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
make
make install
二、安裝openssl
cd /usr/local/src
mkdir /usr/local/openssl
tar zxvf openssl-1.1.0e.tar.gz
cd openssl-1.1.0e
./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
make
make install
vi /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/openssl/bin
:wq!
source /etc/profile
三、安裝zlib
cd /usr/local/src
mkdir /usr/local/zlib
tar zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.11
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zlib
make
make install
四、安裝Nginx
groupadd www
useradd -g www www -s /bin/false
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.10.3
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.1.0e --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.11 --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.40
注意:--with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl-1.1.0e --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/zlib-1.2.11 --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.40指向的是源碼包解壓的路徑,而不是安裝的路徑,不然會報錯
make
make install
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #啓動Nginx
設置nginx開機啓動
vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #編輯啓動文件添加下面內容
1 ############################################################ 2 3 #!/bin/sh 4 5 # 6 7 # nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon 8 9 # 10 11 # chkconfig: - 85 15 12 13 # description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \ 14 15 # proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server 16 17 # processname: nginx 18 19 # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 20 21 # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 22 23 # pidfile: /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid 24 25 # Source function library. 26 27 . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions 28 29 # Source networking configuration. 30 31 . /etc/sysconfig/network 32 33 # Check that networking is up. 34 35 [ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0 36 37 nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" 38 39 prog=$(basename $nginx) 40 41 NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" 42 43 [ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx 44 45 lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx 46 47 make_dirs() { 48 49 # make required directories 50 51 user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -` 52 53 if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then 54 55 useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user 56 57 fi 58 59 options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'` 60 61 for opt in $options; do 62 63 if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then 64 65 value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2` 66 67 if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then 68 69 # echo "creating" $value 70 71 mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value 72 73 fi 74 75 fi 76 77 done 78 79 } 80 81 start() { 82 83 [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5 84 85 [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6 86 87 make_dirs 88 89 echo -n $"Starting $prog: " 90 91 daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE 92 93 retval=$? 94 95 echo 96 97 [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile 98 99 return $retval 100 101 } 102 103 stop() { 104 105 echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " 106 107 killproc $prog -QUIT 108 109 retval=$? 110 111 echo 112 113 [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile 114 115 return $retval 116 117 } 118 119 restart() { 120 121 #configtest || return $? 122 123 stop 124 125 sleep 1 126 127 start 128 129 } 130 131 reload() { 132 133 #configtest || return $? 134 135 echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " 136 137 killproc $nginx -HUP 138 139 RETVAL=$? 140 141 echo 142 143 } 144 145 force_reload() { 146 147 restart 148 149 } 150 151 configtest() { 152 153 $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE 154 155 } 156 157 rh_status() { 158 159 status $prog 160 161 } 162 163 rh_status_q() { 164 165 rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 166 167 } 168 169 case "$1" in 170 171 start) 172 173 rh_status_q && exit 0 174 175 $1 176 177 ;; 178 179 stop) 180 181 rh_status_q || exit 0 182 183 $1 184 185 ;; 186 187 restart|configtest) 188 189 $1 190 191 ;; 192 193 reload) 194 195 rh_status_q || exit 7 196 197 $1 198 199 ;; 200 201 force-reload) 202 203 force_reload 204 205 ;; 206 207 status) 208 209 rh_status 210 211 ;; 212 213 condrestart|try-restart) 214 215 rh_status_q || exit 0 216 217 ;; 218 219 *) 220 221 echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}" 222 223 exit 2 224 225 esac 226 227 ############################################################
:wq! #保存退出
chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #賦予文件執行權限
chkconfig nginx on #設置開機啓動
/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart #重啓
在瀏覽器中打開服務器IP地址,會看到下面的界面,說明Nginx安裝成功。
3、安裝php
一、安裝yasm
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf yasm-1.3.0.tar.gz
cd yasm-1.3.0
./configure
make
make install
二、安裝libmcrypt
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure
make
make install
三、安裝libvpx
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf libvpx-1.3.0.tar.gz
cd libvpx-1.3.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libvpx --enable-shared --enable-vp9
make
make install
四、安裝tiff
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf tiff-4.0.7.tar.gz
cd tiff-4.0.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/tiff --enable-shared
make
make install
五、安裝libpng
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf libpng-1.6.28.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.6.28
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libpng --enable-shared
make
make install
六、安裝freetype
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf freetype-2.7.1.tar.gz
cd freetype-2.7.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetype --enable-shared
make
make install
七、安裝jpeg
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf jpegsrc.v9b.tar.gz
cd jpeg-9b
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/jpeg --enable-shared
make
make install
八、安裝libgd
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf libgd-2.1.1.tar.gz
cd libgd-2.1.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libgd --enable-shared --with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg --with-png=/usr/local/libpng --with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype --with-fontconfig=/usr/local/freetype --with-xpm=/usr/lib64 --with-tiff=/usr/local/tiff --with-vpx=/usr/local/libvpx
make
make install
說明:若是libgd編譯失敗,能夠先跳過,直接使用系統默認的2.1.0版本,在編譯php的時候把參數--with-gd=/usr/local/libgd修改成--with-gd便可。
九、安裝t1lib
cd /usr/local/src
tar zxvf t1lib-5.1.2.tar.gz
cd t1lib-5.1.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/t1lib --enable-shared
make without_doc
make install
十、安裝php
注意:若是系統是64位,請執行如下兩條命令,不然安裝php會出錯。
\cp -frp /usr/lib64/libltdl.so* /usr/lib/
\cp -frp /usr/lib64/libXpm.so* /usr/lib/
cd /usr/local/src
tar -zvxf php-7.1.2.tar.gz
cd php-7.1.2
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/libgd/lib
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-gd=/usr/local/libgd --with-png-dir=/usr/local/libpng --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg --with-freetype-dir=/usr/local/freetype --with-xpm-dir=/usr/lib64 --with-zlib-dir=/usr/local/zlib --with-iconv --enable-libxml --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-opcache --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl --enable-ctype --enable-mysqlnd
make #編譯
make install #安裝
說明:若是提示libgd版本錯誤,把php編譯參數--with-gd=/usr/local/libgd修改成--with-gd便可。
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini #複製php配置文件到安裝目錄
rm -rf /etc/php.ini #刪除系統自帶配置文件
ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini #添加軟連接到 /etc目錄
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf #拷貝模板文件爲php-fpm配置文件
ln -s /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf /etc/php-fpm.conf #添加軟鏈接到 /etc目錄
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf #編輯
pid = run/php-fpm.pid #取消前面的分號
:wq! #保存退出
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf #編輯
user = www #設置php-fpm運行帳號爲www
group = www #設置php-fpm運行組爲www
設置 php-fpm開機啓動
cp /usr/local/src/php-7.1.2/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #拷貝php-fpm到啓動目錄
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #添加執行權限
chkconfig php-fpm on #設置開機啓動
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini #編輯配置文件
找到:disable_functions =
修改成:disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd, posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid, posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid, posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid, posix_getrlimit, posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty, posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid, posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname
#列出PHP能夠禁用的函數,若是某些程序須要用到這個函數,能夠刪除,取消禁用。
找到:;date.timezone =
修改成:date.timezone = PRC #設置時區
找到:expose_php = On
修改成:expose_php = Off #禁止顯示php版本的信息
找到:short_open_tag = Off
修改成:short_open_tag = ON #支持php短標籤
找到opcache.enable=0
修改成opcache.enable=1 #php支持opcode緩存
找到:;opcache.enable_cli=1 #php支持opcode緩存
修改成:opcache.enable_cli=0
在最後一行添加:zend_extension=opcache.so #開啓opcode緩存功能
:wq! #保存退出
配置nginx支持php
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 配置文件,需作以下修改
user www www; #首行user去掉註釋,修改Nginx運行組爲www www;必須與/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf中的user,group配置相同,不然php運行出錯
index index.html index.htm index.php; #添加index.php
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
#取消FastCGI server部分location的註釋,注意fastcgi_param行的參數,改成$document_root$fastcgi_script_name,或者使用絕對路徑
/etc/init.d/nginx restart #重啓nginx
service php-fpm start #啓動php-fpm
測試篇
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/ #進入nginx默認網站根目錄
rm -rf /usr/local/nginx/html/* #刪除默認測試頁
vi index.php #新建index.php文件
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
:wq! #保存退出
chown www.www /usr/local/nginx/html/ -R #設置目錄全部者
chmod 700 /usr/local/nginx/html/ -R #設置目錄權限
在瀏覽器中打開服務器IP地址,會看到下面的界面
至此,CentOS 7.3.1611編譯安裝Nginx1.10.3+MySQL5.7.16+PHP7.1.2教程完成。