Prometheus監控安裝及使用（一）

原理就很少說了，直接上操做過程吧

Prometheus Push Gateway 參考： https://github.com/prometheus/pushgateway

Prometheus Server 參考： https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus#install

Grafana 參考： http://docs.grafana.org

 

 

安裝

wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.8.1/prometheus-2.8.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz

 

tar -zxvf prometheus-2.8.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

cd /usr/local

mv prometheus-2.8.1.linux-amd64/ prometheus

cd prometheus/

 ./prometheus --version

 

修改prometheus.yml文件，肯定啓動ip

 

修改prometheus.yml文件，肯定啓動ip

完成修改後，能夠直接啓動

./prometheus

 

# 添加用戶，後期用此帳號啓動服務

[root@localhost prometheus]# groupadd prometheus

[root@localhost prometheus]# useradd -g prometheus -s /sbin/nologin prometheus

# 賦權和建立prometheus運行數據目錄

[root@localhost prometheus]# cd ~

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R prometheus:prometheus /usr/local/prometheus/

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /home/software/prometheus-data

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R prometheus:prometheus /home/software/prometheus-data

 

設置開機啓動

[root@localhost ~]# touch /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service

[root@localhost ~]# chown prometheus:prometheus /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service

[Unit]

Description=Prometheus

Documentation=https://prometheus.io/

After=network.target

 

[Service]

# Type設置爲notify時，服務會不斷重啓

Type=simple

User=prometheus

# --storage.tsdb.path是可選項，默認數據目錄在運行目錄的./dada目錄中

ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/home/software/prometheus-data

Restart=on-failure

 

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

 

修改配置文件設置開機啓動

再次修改配置文件

vim prometheus.yml

# my global config

global:

  scrape_interval:     15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.

  evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.

  # scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

 

# Alertmanager configuration

alerting:

  alertmanagers:

  - static_configs:

    - targets:

      # - alertmanager:9093

 

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.

rule_files:

  # - "first_rules.yml"

  # - "second_rules.yml"

 

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:

# Here it's Prometheus itself.

scrape_configs:

  # The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.

  - job_name: 'prometheus'

 

    # metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'

    # scheme defaults to 'http'.

    scrape_interval: 5s

 

    static_configs:

      - targets: ['192.168.33.134:9090']

        labels:

          instance: prometheus

 

  - job_name: 'centos7-machine1'

    scrape_interval: 10s

    static_configs:

      - targets: ['192.168.33.131:9100']

        labels:

          instance: node1

 

  - job_name: 'centos7-machine2'

    scrape_interval: 10s

    static_configs:

      - targets: ['192.168.33.132:9100']

        labels:

          instance: node2

 

  - job_name: 'centos7-machine3'

    scrape_interval: 10s

    static_configs:

      - targets: ['192.168.33.132:9100']

        labels:

          instance: node3

 

  - job_name: 'centos7-machine4'

    scrape_interval: 10s

    static_configs:

      - targets: ['192.168.33.134:9100']

        labels:

          instance: node4

  - job_name: 'win2012-machine5'

    scrape_interval: 10s

    static_configs:

      - targets: ['192.168.33.135:9182']

        labels:

          instance: node5

[root@prometheus ~]# systemctl enable prometheus

[root@prometheus ~]# systemctl start prometheus

設置iptables或者firewalld（測試環境能夠直接關閉）

 

 

啓動並驗證

1）查看服務狀態

[root@prometheus ~]# systemctl status prometheus

 

 

2）web ui

Prometheus自帶有簡單的UI

 

 

在Status菜單下，Configuration，Rule，Targets等，

Statu-->Configuration展現prometheus.yml的配置，以下

Statu-->Targets展現監控具體的監控目標

centos尚未監控到，一會安裝插件

繪圖

訪問http://192.168.33.134:9090/metrics  查看從exporter具體能抓到的數據，以下

三．部署node_exporter

Node_exporter收集機器的系統數據，這裏採用prometheus官方提供的exporter，除node_exporter外，官方還提供consul，memcached，haproxy，mysqld等exporter，具體可查看官網。

 

這裏在prometheus服務和 node節點部署相關服務。

tar -zxvf node_exporter-0.17.0-rc.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

cd /usr/local/

mv node_exporter-0.17.0-rc.0.linux-amd64 node_exporter

設置用戶（節點）

groupadd prometheus

useradd -g prometheus -s /sbin/nologin prometheus

chown -R prometheus:prometheus /usr/local/node_exporter

 

[root@node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service

[Unit]

Description=node_exporter

Documentation=https://prometheus.io/

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=simple

User=prometheus

ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter

Restart=on-failure

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

 

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable node_exporter

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start node_exporter

grafana安裝

wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-6.1.3-1.x86_64.rpm 

 

yum -y localinstall grafana-6.1.3-1.x86_64.rpm

 

配置文件

配置文件位於/etc/grafana/grafana.ini，這裏暫時保持默認配置便可

設置開機啓動

systemctl enable grafana-server

systemctl start grafana-server

防火牆管理（測試環境直接關閉）

 

添加數據

訪問：http://192.168.33.134:3000，默認帳號/密碼：admin/admin

默認登陸後，要求改密碼，能夠選擇先跳過

 

添加數據源

在登錄首頁，點擊"Add data source"按鈕，跳轉到添加數據源頁面，配置以下：

Name: prometheus

Type: prometheus

URL: http://localhost:9090/

Access: proxy

取消Default的勾選，其他默認，點擊"Add"，以下：

在"Dashboards"頁簽下"import"自帶的模版，以下：

發現是空的

 

導入dashboard

從grafana官網下載相關dashboaed到本地，如：https://grafana.com/dashboards/405

Grafana首頁-->左上角圖標-->Dashboard-->import

加入1-node-exporter-0-16-0-17-for-prometheus_rev7.json這個插件

若是出現grafana-piechart-panel這個報錯

1.安裝pie插件

官網：https://grafana.net/plugins/grafana-piechart-panel  

grafana-cli plugins install grafana-piechart-panel

2.重啓grafana-server

便可恢復，效果以下

如今監控正常了，咱們開始把服務加入這個項目中，如今各個節點安裝node_exporter-0.17.0-rc.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

 部署

[root@node1 src]# tar -zxvf node_exporter-0.17.0-rc.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@node1 src]# cd /usr/local/

[root@node1 local]# mv node_exporter-0.17.0-rc.0.linux-amd64/ node_exporter/

 

2. 設置用戶

groupadd prometheus

useradd -g prometheus -s /sbin/nologin prometheus

chown -R prometheus:prometheus /usr/local/node_exporter/

3. 設置開機啓動

 

[root@node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service

[Unit]

Description=node_exporter

Documentation=https://prometheus.io/

After=network.target

[Service]

Type=simple

User=prometheus

ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter

Restart=on-failure

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

 

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl enable node_exporter

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start node_exporter

 

監控win主機

安裝wmi_exporter-0.3.3-amd64.msi

從https://github.com/martinlindhe/wmi_exporter/releases/download/v0.3.3/wmi_exporter-0.3.3-amd64.msi

下載後，安裝插件

訪問http://ip:9182/metrics後，如圖

說明安裝成功

 

 

 

 

telegram報警設置

在 telegram中@BotFather,並加爲好友，而後，建立你的機器人

填入紅色塗鴉的地方

https://api.telegram.org/bot{$token}/getUpdates

把token換成你本身剛剛註冊到的那個紅色標註的字符串

 

後鏈接 變成爲https://api.telegram.org/bot690994839:AAGejCWBwy4gKun9B6q7-Il2uooz0OYXlOU/getMe

返回以下則成功

驗證完畢，咱們刪掉這個token，從新申請一個來解決

打開這個選項

而後，將這個機器人拉入報警羣

和它進行交流後，在此刷新下面的命令

https://api.telegram.org/bot887549729:AAFyS949ryyYxbJI3mRS6ScW8qXbd7Yc0Og/getUpdates

而後發現找到了chat的id