Fabric結合GTID實現Mysql複製高可用
mysql版本：Percona server 5.6.19-67.0 Percona Server (GPL), Release 67.0, Revision 618
Mysql安裝參考：
http://my.oschina.net/anthonyyau/blog/284092
Fabric State store安裝參考：
http://my.oschina.net/anthonyyau/blog/307165
環境：
4個服務器實例運行Percona server 5.6.19-67.0，fabric node安裝在單獨的服務器，每一個Mysql實例在一臺服務器上；
fabric爲啓用複製的3個mysql實例提供高可用，應用使用fabric-aware的鏈接器路由事務和SQL語句到合適的服務器，透明的進行讀和寫操做；
當前僅僅支持異步primary backup複製(半同步複製須要手工完成)。primary處理全部寫操做，Secondaries使用mysql複製從primary同步，能夠進行讀操做。
服務器信息：
1、mysql實例和fabric state store準備
Mysql安裝好後，每一個fabric管理的實例須要開啓gtid、二進制日誌(不須要啓動複製，由fabric完成，可是不支持配置異步複製)，將如下配置放到[mysqld]段下面：
log-bin=mysql-binbinlog_format=ROWserver-id = 29 #保證每一個mysql實例惟一log-slave-updates=truegtid-mode=onenforce-gtid-consistency=truesync-master-info=1
數據庫用戶帳號準備：
一、超級管理員帳號，本例使用root@'172.17.42.1'，密碼爲admin@123；
二、fabric管理mysql實例的帳號，本例使用fabric@'172.17.42.1'，密碼爲fabric@456；
三、mysql複製專用帳號，本例使用fabric@'172.17.0.%'，密碼爲fabric@456，須要與fabric管理mysql的帳號密碼一致；
查看mysqlfabric命令幫助：
mysqlfabric help：顯示簡短的語法信息和幫忙命令
mysqlfabric help commands: 列出全部可用命令和描述
mysqlfabric help groups: 列出可用命令組
mysqlfabric help [group] [command]: 提供命令的詳細幫助信息
2、使用Fabric建立mysql複製高可用組
一、建立組
# mysqlfabric group create my_groupPassword for admin: Procedure :{ uuid = 3f7e82bc-4291-4002-8688-1929fc63ed3e, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
要輸入xml-rpc密碼，能夠將密碼指定到fabric的配置文件，或者設置disable_authentication = yes，須要重啓fabric(先mysqlfabric manage stop，而後修改配置文件，否則將報"Permission denied."錯誤)。
二、添加mysql實例到組
# mysqlfabric group add my_group 172.17.0.50:3306Procedure :{ uuid = 6e69a5a7-667b-4e63-92c3-2f9f4269d633, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }# mysqlfabric group add my_group 172.17.0.47:3306Procedure :{ uuid = 70a66b03-a16d-426d-a711-8f13da78fc8d, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }# mysqlfabric group add my_group 172.17.0.48:3306Procedure :{ uuid = 15a2e1ad-b726-4fa8-bdf3-a1701e870166, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
添加實例到組錯誤：
# mysqlfabric --param=servers.user=fabric --param=servers.password=fabric@456 group add my_group 172.17.0.50:3306Password for admin: Procedure :{ uuid = d2c0d969-5b8a-40c2-ba7a-1bc963c08824, finished = True, success = False, return = ServerError: Error accessing server (172.17.0.50:3306)., activities = }
日誌：
[DEBUG] 1409151193.274349 - Executor-4 - Statement (BEGIN, Params(()).[DEBUG] 1409151193.274764 - Executor-4 - Executing _add_server[DEBUG] 1409151193.274849 - Executor-4 - Statement (SELECT group_id, description, master_uuid, master_defined, status FROM groups WHERE group_id = %s, Params(('my_group',)).[DEBUG] 1409151193.275494 - Executor-4 - Start executing function: discover_uuid((), {'connection_timeout': 5, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}).[DEBUG] 1409151193.276136 - Executor-4 - Error executing function: discover_uuid.[DEBUG] 1409151193.276203 - Executor-4 - _add_server failed, executing compensation[DEBUG] 1409151193.276255 - Executor-4 - Error accessing server (172.17.0.50:3306).[DEBUG] 1409151193.276308 - Executor-4 - Statement (ROLLBACK, Params(()).[DEBUG] 1409151193.276664 - Executor-4 - Complete job (60b0fa1f-3a39-43f3-aa71-46ea732aae84, 946e0199-53ca-4fdc-9b49-f134d44db476, mysql.fabric.services.server._add_server, Error).
將密碼寫到fabric配置文件是能夠，使用命令行參數不能覆蓋配置文件參數，暫時沒有找到是什麼緣由。
三、查看組中信息
能夠看到全部實例的狀態都是SECONDARY
# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.47:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
四、查看組健康詳細信息
# mysqlfabric group health my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = {'19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d': {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'is_alive': True, 'threads': {'is_configured': False}}, '7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a': {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'is_alive': True, 'threads': {'is_configured': False}}, 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6': {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'is_alive': True, 'threads': {'is_configured': False}}} activities = }
五、提高和降級master服務
建立高可用組後，fabric沒有意識到任何複製拓撲。須要提高一個爲primary，降級剩餘的服務器自動爲secondaries(slaves)。
查看命令幫助：
# mysqlfabric help group promote
group promote group_id [--slave_id=NONE] [--update_only] [--synchronous]
若是隻是想更新state store，跳過複製配置，使用--update_only參數。
若是slave沒有提供，將選擇一個最好的候選者，候選者必須開啓二進制日誌，同時跟master屬於同一個組，跟master延時小。進行故障切換操做，選擇這個候選者，同時將其餘slave指向到新的master，同時更新state store。
提高一個mysql實例爲master：
# mysqlfabric group promote my_groupProcedure :{ uuid = 21eb4d58-d7ec-41eb-a0e5-560eb5976272, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
執行一樣的命名將設置不一樣的服務器爲primary，同時降級當前primary並選取一個新的。若是當前primary錯誤，執行一樣的命令能手動觸發選取一個新的primary。
一個標記位"faulty"狀態的服務器不能提高爲secondary或primary，須要先轉換成"spare"狀態。使用命令mysqlfabric server set_status <server-address> spare
若是直接從"faulty"轉換成"secondary"將報錯：
# mysqlfabric server set_status 3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e secondaryProcedure :{ uuid = 06d0acb1-ad01-483b-a1d4-e13c4b775fcd, finished = True, success = False, return = ServerError: Cannot change server's (3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e) status from (FAULTY) to (SECONDARY)., activities = }
查看組狀態和驗證是否複製正常：
# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.47:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
使用show slave status查看slave狀態：
# mysql -ufabric -pfabric@456 -h172.17.0.47 -e "show slave status\G;"*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master Master_Host: 172.17.0.50 Master_User: fabric Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Log_File: d4f404f647b0-relay-bin.000001 Relay_Log_Pos: 4 Relay_Master_Log_File: Slave_IO_Running: Connecting Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 0 Relay_Log_Space: 151 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 1045 Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'fabric@172.17.0.50:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 31 Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 0 Master_UUID: Master_Info_File: /usr/local/Percona-Server-5.6.19-rel67.0-618.Linux.x86_64/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 140827 16:42:50 Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: 7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a:1-6 Auto_Position: 1
看到鏈接錯誤：
因fabric使用其鏈接管理mysql實例的用戶配置slave，全部須要從新受權slave訪問master：
# mysql -uroot -padmin@123 -h172.17.0.50 -e "grant replication slave on *.* to fabric@'172.17.0.%' identified by 'fabric@456'" # mysql -uroot -padmin@123 -h172.17.0.47 -e "grant replication slave on *.* to fabric@'172.17.0.%' identified by 'fabric@456'" # mysql -uroot -padmin@123 -h172.17.0.48 -e "grant replication slave on *.* to fabric@'172.17.0.%' identified by 'fabric@456'"
受權後從新查看slave狀態：看到鏈接正常，複製正常工做
# mysql -ufabric -pfabric@456 -h172.17.0.48 -e 'show slave status\G'*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 172.17.0.50 Master_User: fabric Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3451 Relay_Log_File: e294ab366580-relay-bin.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 448 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 3451 Relay_Log_Space: 4169 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 27 Master_UUID: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d Master_Info_File: /usr/local/Percona-Server-5.6.19-rel67.0-618.Linux.x86_64/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d:1-10 Executed_Gtid_Set: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d:1-10 Auto_Position: 1# mysql -ufabric -pfabric@456 -h172.17.0.47 -e 'show slave status\G'*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 172.17.0.50 Master_User: fabric Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3451 Relay_Log_File: d4f404f647b0-relay-bin.000004 Relay_Log_Pos: 448 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 3451 Relay_Log_Space: 1205 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 27 Master_UUID: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d Master_Info_File: /usr/local/Percona-Server-5.6.19-rel67.0-618.Linux.x86_64/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d:1-10 Executed_Gtid_Set: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d:1-10 Auto_Position: 1
六、啓動或禁用故障檢測
若是primary故障，可能想自動提高一個次級到primary，重定向剩餘的secondaries到新的primary：
# mysqlfabric group activate my_groupProcedure :{ uuid = 1d78324a-d39d-4098-8774-b0c2359a57ed, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
狀態檢測語句：
[DEBUG] 1409157170.648943 - FailureDetector(my_group) - Statement (SELECT server_uuid, server_address, mode, status, weight FROM servers WHERE group_id = %s, Params(('my_group',)).
[DEBUG] 1409157172.655084 - FailureDetector(my_group) - Statement (SELECT group_id, description, master_uuid, master_defined, status FROM groups WHERE group_id = %s, Params(('my_group',)).
測試關閉當前master，看是否選取新的master，fabric能自動進程故障切換：
查看當前組的狀態：當前master爲"
172.17.0.51
"
# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': '3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.51:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
關閉當前master實例：
# mysqladmin -h172.17.0.51 -uroot -padmin@123 shutdown
關閉172.17.0.51實例後，fabric已經標記它的狀態爲"FAULTY"；
# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'FAULTY', 'server_uuid': '3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.51:3306'}, {'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
從新啓動172.17.0.51:3306實例，可是狀態不會恢復：
# mysql -h172.17.0.51 -uroot -padmin@123 -e "show master status"+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+| mysql-bin.000003 | 191 | | | 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d:1-10 |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------------------------------+# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'FAULTY', 'server_uuid': '3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.51:3306'}, {'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
須要手動設置服務器的狀態：
查看幫助命令：
# mysqlfabric help server set_status
server set_status server_id status [--update_only] [--synchronous]
Set a server's status.
支持的狀態值爲primary,secondary,spare,faulty。
能手動改變服務器的狀態，改變到spare，避免寫和讀訪問，同時保證當故障切換時不會被選取。
改變錯誤狀態的實例(172.17.0.51)的狀態爲secondary，注意須要先轉換成spare：
# mysqlfabric server set_status 3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e spareProcedure :{ uuid = e96802d7-5fc1-4a70-94d4-4d8d31d13960, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }# mysqlfabric server set_status 3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e secondaryProcedure :{ uuid = c74edd89-ac4a-45ce-8d18-22423ed73561, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
查看狀態：
# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.51:3306'}, {'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
禁用故障檢測自動切換：
# mysqlfabric group deactivate my_groupProcedure :{ uuid = a88d2bb7-f0c7-46d8-925a-c982287d6447, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
七、執行更新和查詢
應用程序經過fabric-aware鏈接器鏈接到fabric，獲取服務器、組信息。
測試腳本：
# cat fabric_test1.py#!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf-8# Author: AnthonyYau --<q_yxian@163.com># Purpose: fabric test scripts1.# Created: 2014/8/26import sysimport mysql.connectorfrom mysql.connector import fabricdef main(): try: conn = mysql.connector.connect( fabric = {"host":"localhost","port":32274,"username":"admin", "password":"admin"}, #指定使用xml-rpm鏈接fabric的用戶名和密碼 user = 'root',database = 'test',password = 'admin@123',autocommit = True #指定mysql實例的用戶名和密碼 ) except Exception,e: print e sys.exit(1) else: conn.set_property(mode=fabric.MODE_READWRITE,group="my_group") #指定訪問模式，以及須要訪問的HA組 cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute( "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS subscribers (" #建立表 " sub_no INT," " first_name CHAR(40)," " last_name CHAR(4)" ")" ) finally: conn.close() if __name__ == '__main__': main()
# cat fabric_test2.py #!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf-8# Author: AnthonyYau --<q_yxian@163.com># Purpose: fabric test scripts2.# Created: 2014/8/26import sysimport mysql.connectorfrom mysql.connector import fabricdef add_subscriber(conn,sub_no,first_name,last_name): conn.set_property(group="my_group",mode=fabric.MODE_READWRITE) #指定訪問模式，以及訪問的組 cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute( "INSERT INTO subscribers VALUES (%s,%s,%s)", (sub_no,first_name,last_name) )def main(): try: conn = mysql.connector.connect( fabric = {"host":"localhost","port":32274,"username":"admin", "password":"admin"}, #指定使用xml-rpc鏈接fabric的用戶名和密碼 user="root",database="test",password="admin@123",autocommit=True #指定訪問mysql實例的用戶名和密碼 ) except Exception,e: print e sys.exit(1) else: #conn.set_property(group="my_group",mode=fabric.MODE_READWRITE) add_subscriber(conn, 72, "Billy", "Fish") #調用函數，插入數據 add_subscriber(conn, 500, "Billy", "Joel") add_subscriber(conn, 1500, "Arthur", "Askey") add_subscriber(conn, 5000, "Billy", "Fish") add_subscriber(conn, 15000, "Jimmy", "White") add_subscriber(conn, 17542, "Bobby", "Ball") finally: conn.close() if __name__ == '__main__':
執行測試程序：
python fabric_test1.pypython fabric_test2.py
檢查結果(查看兩臺從服務器的數據)：當前slave爲
172.17.0.50和
172.17.0.51
# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.51:3306'}, {'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
使用腳本檢查結果：
# python fabric_test3.py 72 Billy Fish500 Billy Joel1500 Arthur Aske5000 Billy Fish15000 Jimmy Whit17542 Bobby Ball
查詢腳本以下：
#!/usr/bin/env python#coding:utf-8# Author: AnthonyYau --<q_yxian@163.com># Purpose: fabric test scripts3.# Created: 2014/8/27import sysimport mysql.connectorfrom mysql.connector import fabricdef main(): try: conn = mysql.connector.connect( fabric = {"host":"localhost","port":32274,"username":"admin", "password":"admin"}, user="root",database="test",password="admin@123",autocommit=True ) except Exception,e: print e sys.exit(1) else: conn.set_property(group="my_group",mode=fabric.MODE_READONLY) #使用readonly訪問模式(從slave獲取數據)，也可使用readwrite cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute('select * from test.subscribers') results = cur.fetchall() if results: for id,f_name,l_name in results: print "%s\t%s\t%s" %(id,f_name,l_name) finally: conn.close() if __name__ == '__main__': main()
使用mysql客戶端進行檢查：
# mysql -uroot -padmin@123 -h172.17.0.51 -e "select * from test.subscribers"+--------+------------+-----------+| sub_no | first_name | last_name |+--------+------------+-----------+| 72 | Billy | Fish || 500 | Billy | Joel || 1500 | Arthur | Aske || 5000 | Billy | Fish || 15000 | Jimmy | Whit || 17542 | Bobby | Ball |+--------+------------+-----------+[root@yau620 ~]# mysql -uroot -padmin@123 -h172.17.0.50 -e "select * from test.subscribers"+--------+------------+-----------+| sub_no | first_name | last_name |+--------+------------+-----------+| 72 | Billy | Fish || 500 | Billy | Joel || 1500 | Arthur | Aske || 5000 | Billy | Fish || 15000 | Jimmy | Whit || 17542 | Bobby | Ball |+--------+------------+-----------+
3、組維護
一、找出哪些服務器在組中，查看組狀態
# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.47:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
二、從組中移除mysql實例
有時須要將secondaries離線進行維護，在中止服務以前，須要先從組中移除它，避免fabric錯誤檢查觸發任何動做：
# mysqlfabric help group remove
group remove group_id server_id [--synchronous]
Remove a server from a group.
如從my_group組中移除server_uuid爲7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a的實例：
# mysqlfabric group remove my_group 7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82aProcedure :{ uuid = 07317ba2-497c-43f0-b8a9-e43ef9ded834, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
而後能夠從新添加到組，將自動開啓複製：
# mysqlfabric group add my_group 172.17.0.47:3306Procedure :{ uuid = 39344790-3af8-4049-92a6-669bd2642a1c, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
查看複製狀態：
# mysql -ufabric -pfabric@456 -h172.17.0.47 -e 'show slave status\G'*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 172.17.0.50 Master_User: fabric Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3451 Relay_Log_File: d4f404f647b0-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 408 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 3451 Relay_Log_Space: 619 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 27 Master_UUID: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d Master_Info_File: /usr/local/Percona-Server-5.6.19-rel67.0-618.Linux.x86_64/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d:1-10 Auto_Position: 1
三、添加一個全新的Mysql實例(實例IP爲172.17.0.51)到HA group組
建立數據庫複製帳號：
# mysql -uroot -padmin@123 -h172.17.0.51 -e "grant replication slave on *.* to fabric@'172.17.0.%' identified by 'fabric@456'"# mysql -uroot -padmin@123 -h172.17.0.51 -e "show slave status"
添加到my_group組：
# mysqlfabric group add my_group 172.17.0.51:3306 Procedure :{ uuid = 45c32c66-6e60-44d8-8406-308de01b1ef9, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
查看複製狀態，fabric已經開啓複製：
# mysql -uroot -padmin@123 -h172.17.0.51 -e "show slave status\G"*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 172.17.0.50 Master_User: fabric Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3451 Relay_Log_File: 9355b5f279ad-relay-bin.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 448 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 3451 Relay_Log_Space: 4169 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 27 Master_UUID: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d Master_Info_File: /usr/local/Percona-Server-5.6.19-rel67.0-618.Linux.x86_64/data/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d:1-10 Executed_Gtid_Set: 19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d:1-10 Auto_Position: 1
四、關閉primary
primary不能從組中移除，使用group demote關閉在組中的任何primary，不會從新選取一個新master，同時也不會關閉故障檢測。
# mysqlfabric group demote my_groupProcedure :{ uuid = 448df7ff-f0b5-4868-be15-8b505ec38c19, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
查看組狀態：全部mysql實例的狀態都已經變成SECONDARY
# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.51:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.47:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
五、手動提高一個服務組，選取一個master
當前master是172.17.0.48：
# mysqlfabric group promote my_groupProcedure :{ uuid = d3072441-a023-42bd-8fe8-6746a620189d, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.51:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.47:3306'}, {'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
從新選取一個新master：fabric已經自動選取了172.17.0.47做爲master
# mysqlfabric group promote my_groupProcedure :{ uuid = c779bfa6-5a57-4d60-9899-d64b85e9bee3, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_groupCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '19a37552-2d44-11e4-af5c-763d1493518d', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.50:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '3ecc746f-2e05-11e4-b448-560d7281695e', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.51:3306'}, {'status': 'PRIMARY', 'server_uuid': '7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a', 'mode': 'READ_WRITE', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.47:3306'}, {'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': 'ade3ee53-2d44-11e4-af60-de532998e8a6', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.48:3306'}] activities = }
六、移除組(使用group destroy)
若是組沒有服務器，是空的，能移除組
# mysqlfabric group create my_testProcedure :{ uuid = d53ba76d-1ed0-4e9d-96b3-01102b46f0bf, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }# mysqlfabric group destroy my_testProcedure :{ uuid = 7046fea7-6e87-4dc0-afd4-e21ea399f9c1, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
也能強制的移除非空的組(使用--force)：
# mysqlfabric group create my_testProcedure :{ uuid = be15e7bd-e597-4e67-aa4d-4ff34e0d3af8, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }# mysqlfabric group add my_test 172.17.0.52:3306Procedure :{ uuid = da981fe4-eeaf-4a3f-a770-d82d60a2ad64, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }# mysqlfabric group lookup_servers my_testCommand :{ success = True return = [{'status': 'SECONDARY', 'server_uuid': '7bd52611-2d44-11e4-af5f-3ecad7c2f82a', 'mode': 'READ_ONLY', 'weight': 1.0, 'address': '172.17.0.52:3306'}] activities = }# mysqlfabric group destroy my_testProcedure :{ uuid = 63b0ec92-ffa2-4f54-9c21-530b1532d21c, finished = True, success = False, return = GroupError: Group (my_test) is not empty., activities = }# mysqlfabric group destroy my_test --forceProcedure :{ uuid = 37c5b49b-c451-41ad-9193-c9e1f06edaa9, finished = True, success = True, return = True, activities = }
4、總結
一、使用fabric實現mysql複製高可用，以組爲單位對mysql實例進行管理，能夠管理多個HA組；
二、當前fabric只能實現自動配置異步複製，不支持半同步複製；
三、mysql實例進行恢復後，fabric不會自動改變實例的狀態，須要手工修改；
四、能在線添加(自動配置好複製，當即同步數據)和刪除mysql實例；
五、fabric state store和fabric note當前是單點，雖然
fabric-aware鏈接器能夠緩存路由信息(能夠配置ttl值)；
六、使用fabric不須要對slave配置vip，不像MHA和MMM等須要對vip進行管理；
七、mysql支持須要支持gtid，也是就要升級到mysql 5.6.10以上版本；
參考：
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