文章轉發自專業的Laravel開發者社區,原始連接: https://learnku.com/laravel/t...
我最近在 Laravel Brasil 社區看到一個問題,結果比看起來更有趣。想象一下你有一個 UsersResource
用下面的實現:php
<?php namespace App\Http\Resources; use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\Resource; class UsersResource extends Resource { /** * Transform the resource into an array. * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request * @return array */ public function toArray($request) { return [ 'id' => $this->id, 'name' => $this->name, 'email' => $this->email ]; } }
出於某種緣由,您可能但願在另外一個端點上從新使用該資源類,但隱藏email
字段。這篇文章就是告訴你如何實現這一點的。
若是你不知道 API Resources
是什麼,請查看我以前關於這個的文章。laravel
有趣的東西從第3節開始.git
composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel api-fields cd api-fields touch database/database.sqlite
編輯.env
文件,刪除數據庫設置並使用 SQLitegithub
DB_CONNECTION=sqlite
繼續設置項目sql
php artisan migrate php artisan make:resource UsersResource php artisan make:resource --collection UsersResourceCollection php artisan make:controller UsersController php artisan tinker factory(App\User::class)->times(20)->create(); quit
確保在 api.php
文件中建立一個路由。數據庫
Route::apiResource('/users', 'UsersController');
控制器表明了指望的目標。在這個例子中,讓咱們假設在用戶列表中,咱們只想要全部用戶的名字,而在用戶顯示中,咱們只想隱藏電子郵件地址。api
<?php namespace App\Http\Controllers; use App\Http\Resources\UsersResource; use App\User; class UsersController extends Controller { /** * Display a listing of the resource. * * @param User $user * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function index(User $user) { return UsersResource::collection($user->paginate())->hide(['id', 'email']); } /** * Display a user. * * @param User $user * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response */ public function show(User $user) { return UsersResource::make($user)->hide(['id']); } }
爲了達到這個目的,咱們須要 UsersResourceCollection
和UsersResource
同時知道如何處理 hide
調用。數組
讓咱們從 show
方法開始. UsersResource::make
將會返回 UsersResource
的對象. 所以,咱們應該揭開 hide
的神祕面紗,它能夠存儲咱們指望從響應中移除的鍵.php7
<?php namespace App\Http\Resources; use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\Resource; class UsersResource extends Resource { /** * @var array */ protected $withoutFields = []; /** * Transform the resource into an array. * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request * @return array */ public function toArray($request) { return $this->filterFields([ 'id' => $this->id, 'name' => $this->name, 'email' => $this->email ]); } /** * Set the keys that are supposed to be filtered out. * * @param array $fields * @return $this */ public function hide(array $fields) { $this->withoutFields = $fields; return $this; } /** * Remove the filtered keys. * * @param $array * @return array */ protected function filterFields($array) { return collect($array)->forget($this->withoutFields)->toArray(); } }
大功告成! 如今咱們能夠訪問 http://api.dev/api/users/1
,你會發現響應中已經沒有id
字段了。composer
{ "data": { "name": "Mr. Frederik Morar", "email": "darryl.wilkinson@example.org" } }
執行項目集合中的 index
方法, 咱們須要做出以下修改:
UsersResource::collection
返回 UsersResourceCollection
實例UsersResourceCollection
上公開 hide
方法UsersResource
關於 (1), 咱們只須要重寫 UsersResource
中的 collection
方法
<?php namespace App\Http\Resources; use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\Resource; class UsersResource extends Resource { public static function collection($resource) { return tap(new UsersResourceCollection($resource), function ($collection) { $collection->collects = __CLASS__; }); } /** * @var array */ protected $withoutFields = []; /** * Transform the resource into an array. * 將資源轉換爲一個數組 * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request * @return array */ public function toArray($request) { return $this->filterFields([ 'id' => $this->id, 'name' => $this->name, 'email' => $this->email ]); } /** * Set the keys that are supposed to be filtered out. * 設置須要隱藏過濾掉的鍵 * * @param array $fields * @return $this */ public function hide(array $fields) { $this->withoutFields = $fields; return $this; } /** * Remove the filtered keys. * 刪除隱藏的鍵 * * @param $array * @return array */ protected function filterFields($array) { return collect($array)->forget($this->withoutFields)->toArray(); } }
關於 (2) 和 (3) 咱們須要修改 UsersResourceCollection
文件. 讓咱們公開 hide
方法並使用隱藏字段處理集合。.
<?php namespace App\Http\Resources; use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\ResourceCollection; class UsersResourceCollection extends ResourceCollection { /** * @var array */ protected $withoutFields = []; /** * Transform the resource collection into an array. * * @param \Illuminate\Http\Request * @return array */ public function toArray($request) { return $this->processCollection($request); } public function hide(array $fields) { $this->withoutFields = $fields; return $this; } /** * Send fields to hide to UsersResource while processing the collection. * 將隱藏字段經過 UsersResource 處理集合 * * @param $request * @return array */ protected function processCollection($request) { return $this->collection->map(function (UsersResource $resource) use ($request) { return $resource->hide($this->withoutFields)->toArray($request); })->all(); } }
就是這麼簡單! 如今咱們訪問 http://api.dev/api/users
看到返回結果中沒有了 id
和 email
字段瞭如在 UsersController
中的指定方法 .
{ "data": [{ "name": "Mr. Frederik Morar" }, { "name": "Angel Daniel" }, { "name": "Brianne Mueller" }], "links": { "first": "http://lab.php71/api-fields-2/public/api/users?page=1", "last": "http://lab.php71/api-fields-2/public/api/users?page=7", "prev": null, "next": "http://lab.php71/api-fields-2/public/api/users?page=2" }, "meta": { "current_page": 1, "from": 1, "last_page": 7, "path": "http://api-fields.lab.php71/api/users", "per_page": 3, "to": 3, "total": 20 } }
本文目標是讓Resource
類經過隱藏一些在其餘接口容許暴露的字段從而變得更加靈活。例如當咱們請求/users
接口時響應的數據是不包含avatar
字段的,可是當請求/users/99
時響應的數據裏包含avatar
字段。
我不推薦過分重複去請求API資源,由於它極可能會把簡單的事情變得更加複雜,因此說在請求的時候隱藏某些特定的字段是更簡單、更合理的解決方案。